{ "model": { "rank": 6302, "code": "thing-q186474", "model_id": "vr.tr.l-cysteine", "name": "L-Cysteine", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise L-cysteine, assess its identity and thiol availability in a particular material, and determine whether that material is suitable for a specified operation.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q186474/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q186474", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186474", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:41:06Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00602548, "turns": 1, "seconds": 93.7, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 89.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c18-74c0-7f20-b07d-d4ba7c34da50\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: L-Cysteine\nRegistry id: vr.tr.l-cysteine\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA V" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q186474", "registryId": "vr.tr.l-cysteine", "name": "L-Cysteine", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q186474/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.l-cysteine", "name": "L-Cysteine", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise L-cysteine, assess its identity and thiol availability in a particular material, and determine whether that material is suitable for a specified operation.", "definition": "L-Cysteine is the proteinogenic, (R)-configured α-amino acid whose side chain is a thiol (-CH₂SH), making it the principal sulfur-containing residue used for disulfide bonding, metal coordination, and redox chemistry in peptides and proteins.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the identity, material state, composition, reactive condition and use eligibility of L-cysteine under registry entry vr.tr.l-cysteine in PHY / PHY.MAT, including its presence in samples and solutions and its relationships to distinct salts, derivatives and transformation products.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of free L-cysteine and verification of its stereochemistry.", "Amount, concentration and analytical purity of L-cysteine in a material.", "Reduced thiol availability and conversion to cystine or other products.", "Solid or solution state, preparation conditions and exposure history.", "Evidence connecting a specific lot or preparation to an intended material use." ], "out_of_scope": [ "Independent identities and full properties of D-cysteine, DL-cysteine, cystine and cysteine derivatives.", "Complete models of L-cysteine salts, hydrates and formulated mixtures.", "Cysteine residues within proteins, protein folding and sequence interpretation.", "Organism-level cysteine metabolism, nutritional requirements and clinical treatment.", "Complete manufacturing processes, reaction systems and finished-product approval." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Confirm the free amino-acid identity against C3H7NO2S, CAS 52-90-4 and an appropriate structural reference; formula alone does not establish identity. [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/cysteine)", "Use stereochemistry-sensitive evidence to distinguish L-cysteine, whose systematic configuration is (2R), from D-cysteine and racemic material; an achiral identity assay cannot settle this distinction. [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/cysteine)", "Distinguish reduced L-cysteine from cystine by resolving the chemical species alongside thiol measurement; L-cysteine can oxidise to the disulfide cystine. [Sigma-Aldrich product information](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/documents/190/041/c7352pis.pdf)", "Inspect the full chemical designation and composition to distinguish free L-cysteine from hydrochloride preparations, hydrated forms and covalently modified derivatives.", "Establish whether the reported cysteine is present as free material or was released from a protein or other bound pool during sample preparation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Chemical identity evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Reference identity linked to sample-specific analytical evidence", "why_it_matters": "A supplier name or registry identifier does not establish the contents of a particular sample." }, { "name": "Stereochemical composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "L and D mole fractions or enantiomeric excess, with method and reporting basis", "why_it_matters": "Separates L-cysteine from its enantiomer and mixtures." }, { "name": "Supplied chemical form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Free amino acid; salt-associated preparation; hydrate-associated preparation; mixture; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the material is directly represented here or requires a related material model." }, { "name": "L-cysteine content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction, mol/kg or mol/L, with as-received or dry basis and chemical form stated", "why_it_matters": "Supports quantity calculations without confusing gross material mass with L-cysteine amount." }, { "name": "Available free thiol", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mol SH/kg or mol SH/L, with assay selectivity and sampling time", "why_it_matters": "Measures a functional property that may differ from nominal L-cysteine content." }, { "name": "Cystine and other transformation products", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Species-specific mass or mole fractions, with detection limits", "why_it_matters": "Reveals conversion that a bulk assay or label may conceal." }, { "name": "Physical preparation state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Solid; fully dissolved; partially dissolved; precipitated; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether sampling and dosing represent the whole preparation." }, { "name": "Solution conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pH, temperature in °C, L-cysteine concentration in mol/L and solvent composition", "why_it_matters": "Makes observations of solution behaviour and thiol reactivity interpretable." }, { "name": "Exposure and preparation history", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Timestamped links to dissolution, air exposure, storage and treatment events", "why_it_matters": "Allows an agent to judge whether an earlier assay still describes the material." }, { "name": "Application eligibility", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed; supported for specified use; requires retest; rejected for specified use", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a purity result or grade label from becoming unrestricted permission to use the material." } ], "affordances": [ "Match a sample to the L-cysteine registry identity using structural and stereochemical evidence.", "Calculate the required material quantity from verified L-cysteine content and chemical form.", "Prepare or dilute a solution under a specified procedure and record its resulting conditions.", "Assess remaining reduced L-cysteine and available thiol before a thiol-dependent operation.", "Select release, retesting or rejection against an explicit application specification.", "Record conversion to cystine or another product and link the resulting material to its own identity." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "src-pubchem-l-cys", "title": "L-Cysteine (Compound summary, CID 5862)", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-cysteine", "what_it_supports": "Chemical identity, formula, mass, CAS, InChIKey, pKa/physical properties, and biomedical/use notes.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "src-wikipedia-cys", "title": "Cysteine", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteine", "what_it_supports": "Proteinogenic status, thiol/disulfide chemistry, industrial production routes, food and process uses, and neighbour compounds.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "src-codex-e920", "title": "INS 920 L-Cysteine and its hydrochlorides - Codex GSFA / JECFA food-additive identity", "url": "https://www.fao.org/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=247", "what_it_supports": "Food-additive numbering, permitted food uses as a flour-treatment agent, and JECFA identity of the hydrochloride salts.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "src-efsa-cys", "title": "Scientific Opinion on the safety of L-cysteine as a food additive / flavouring (EFSA FAF/CEF opinions)", "url": "https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/1925", "what_it_supports": "European food-additive and flavouring assessment, specification expectations, and use as a process flavour precursor.", "url_status": "blocked" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "l-cysteine-identity", "name": "L-cysteine identity", "description": "Establishes that the material contains the intended free amino acid with L stereochemistry.", "rationale": "Similar names, shared formulas and nonselective assays can conceal different chemical identities.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-identity", "name": "Molecular identity", "description": "Connects the registry concept to structural evidence for the sampled material.", "findings": [ { "id": "free-cysteine-assignment", "name": "Free cysteine assignment", "description": "Record evidence identifying free cysteine and distinguish a label claim from a measured assignment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reference identity and analytical observations support assigning this sample to free cysteine?", "kind": "definition", "id": "free-cysteine-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Was cysteine already free in the sample, or did extraction, hydrolysis or reduction release it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "free-cysteine-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stereochemical-identity", "name": "Stereochemical identity", "description": "Determines whether the cysteine population satisfies the intended L-form requirement.", "findings": [ { "id": "l-form-verification", "name": "L-form verification", "description": "Record stereochemical evidence separately from total cysteine identity and content.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measurement distinguishes L-cysteine from D-cysteine in this material?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "l-form-verification-q01" }, { "text": "What D-cysteine fraction or stereochemical uncertainty is acceptable for the intended use?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "l-form-verification-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "chemical-form-and-quantity", "name": "Chemical form and quantity", "description": "Establishes what supplied mass or solution volume represents in L-cysteine terms.", "rationale": "Free amino acid, associated components, water and impurities must not be counted interchangeably.", "layers": [ { "id": "supplied-form", "name": "Supplied form", "description": "Separates the L-cysteine constituent from the identity of its containing material.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-and-component-boundary", "name": "Form and component boundary", "description": "Record whether the material is free L-cysteine or a preparation requiring a related salt, hydrate or mixture identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What complete chemical designation, counterions, water content and additional components describe the supplied material?", "kind": "definition", "id": "form-and-component-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Which related material model owns the preparation when it is not free L-cysteine alone?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "form-and-component-boundary-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-basis", "name": "Content basis", "description": "Makes L-cysteine amount and purity claims usable in calculations.", "findings": [ { "id": "quantified-l-cysteine", "name": "Quantified L-cysteine", "description": "Record selective content measurements and their basis rather than treating all assay percentages as equivalent.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reported assay quantify L-cysteine specifically, total cysteine, thiol equivalents or another analytical response?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "quantified-l-cysteine-q01" }, { "text": "What water, purity and chemical-form corrections are needed to calculate the requested L-cysteine amount?", "kind": "action", "id": "quantified-l-cysteine-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "thiol-and-conversion-state", "name": "Thiol and conversion state", "description": "Tracks reduced cysteine availability and chemically distinct conversion products.", "rationale": "Nominal L-cysteine loading does not establish how much reduced material remains available.", "layers": [ { "id": "available-thiol", "name": "Available thiol", "description": "Assesses the thiol population relevant to a proposed operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "selective-thiol-assessment", "name": "Selective thiol assessment", "description": "Record free-thiol results with matrix interference and any sample treatment that changes the measured pool.", "questions": [ { "text": "How much free thiol was measured, and what other sample constituents could contribute to that result?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "selective-thiol-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Was the sample chemically reduced before measurement, making the result different from its original free-thiol state?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "selective-thiol-assessment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conversion-products", "name": "Conversion products", "description": "Separates remaining L-cysteine from cystine and other detected products.", "findings": [ { "id": "cysteine-cystine-accounting", "name": "Cysteine and cystine accounting", "description": "Record resolved species and maintain an explicit basis when reporting cysteine equivalents.", "questions": [ { "text": "What quantities of L-cysteine, cystine and other identified products are present at the sampling time?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "cysteine-cystine-accounting-q01" }, { "text": "Are results expressed as species amounts or cysteine equivalents, and is conversion between those bases explicit?", "kind": "definition", "id": "cysteine-cystine-accounting-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "preparation-and-state-persistence", "name": "Preparation and state persistence", "description": "Connects physical state and preparation history to the validity of current L-cysteine measurements.", "rationale": "A solid lot and its later solution cannot automatically share the same concentration, homogeneity or chemical-state assessment.", "layers": [ { "id": "solution-and-phase-condition", "name": "Solution and phase condition", "description": "Records the conditions under which L-cysteine is dissolved, sampled and used.", "findings": [ { "id": "representative-dissolved-content", "name": "Representative dissolved content", "description": "Distinguish nominal loading from measured dissolved content and investigate visible solids without assigning their identity by appearance.", "questions": [ { "text": "At what solvent composition, pH and temperature was dissolved L-cysteine concentration established?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "representative-dissolved-content-q01" }, { "text": "If solids are present, what evidence identifies them and establishes whether the sampled liquid represents the intended preparation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "representative-dissolved-content-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-history", "name": "Condition history", "description": "Relates storage and processing events to possible changes in L-cysteine content and thiol state.", "findings": [ { "id": "assay-validity-after-exposure", "name": "Assay validity after exposure", "description": "Record elapsed time and relevant exposures so continued suitability is supported by evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What air exposure, temperature history, pH changes and processing treatments occurred after the last assay?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assay-validity-after-exposure-q01" }, { "text": "What stability evidence or retesting rule establishes whether that assay still supports the planned operation?", "kind": "action", "id": "assay-validity-after-exposure-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "l-cysteine-use-eligibility", "name": "L-cysteine use eligibility", "description": "Links measured material properties and documented origin to a specific intended use.", "rationale": "Suitability depends on the required function and material specification, not merely the presence of L-cysteine.", "layers": [ { "id": "origin-and-grade-evidence", "name": "Origin and grade evidence", "description": "Captures lot-specific support for origin and application-grade claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-material-claims", "name": "Supported material claims", "description": "Record the evidence behind claims such as non-animal origin or suitability for a named application.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which lot-linked records support the declared production origin and grade?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-material-claims-q01" }, { "text": "Which origin, impurity or microbiological requirements does the intended application impose on this L-cysteine material?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-material-claims-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-decision", "name": "Operation decision", "description": "Turns identity, content and state evidence into a bounded decision about the next operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "release-for-defined-function", "name": "Release for defined function", "description": "Assess the material against requirements for its specified role, including whether reduced thiol is necessary.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the operation require a defined L-cysteine amount, available reduced thiol, stereochemical purity or a combination of these?", "kind": "definition", "id": "release-for-defined-function-q01" }, { "text": "Do current results satisfy the applicable acceptance limits, or must the material be retested or rejected for this use?", "kind": "action", "id": "release-for-defined-function-q02" }, { "text": "Which material-specific handling information and process instructions govern the proposed preparation or transfer?", "kind": "action", "id": "release-for-defined-function-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Free-base L-cysteine (anhydrous crystalline amino acid)", "L-Cysteine hydrochloride (anhydrous)", "L-Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate (the usual commercial food/pharma salt)", "Food-additive grade (INS/E 920 dough conditioner)", "Parenteral/pharmaceutical grade (injection and amino-acid infusion solutions)", "Animal-derived industrial L-cysteine (keratin hydrolysate from hair, feathers, or bristles)", "Fermentation-derived L-cysteine (microbial, often marketed as vegan/halal/kosher)", "N-Acetyl-L-cysteine and other N- or S-substituted cysteine derivatives (related commercial forms, not the free amino acid)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "IUPAC name", "value_or_pattern": "(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid", "note": "Preferred systematic name for the free L-amino acid." }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "52-90-4", "note": "Free-base L-cysteine; hydrochloride salts have distinct CAS numbers (e.g. 52-89-1 anhydrous HCl, 7048-04-6 HCl monohydrate)." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "5862", "note": "NCBI PubChem compound for L-cysteine." }, { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q186474", "note": "Wikidata item for L-cysteine (distinct from Q234283 racemic/unspecified cysteine)." }, { "scheme": "ChEBI", "value_or_pattern": "CHEBI:17561", "note": "L-cysteine as the zwitterion/proteinogenic residue." }, { "scheme": "InChIKey", "value_or_pattern": "XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N", "note": "Stereospecific key; the racemate key differs in the protonation/stereo block." }, { "scheme": "EC / EINECS", "value_or_pattern": "200-158-2", "note": "EC inventory number for L-cysteine." }, { "scheme": "UNII", "value_or_pattern": "K848JZ4886", "note": "FDA Substance Registration System UNII for cysteine (check salt-specific UNIIs for hydrochlorides)." }, { "scheme": "Amino-acid residue codes", "value_or_pattern": "Cys / C", "note": "IUPAC/IUBMB three- and one-letter codes in protein sequences." }, { "scheme": "Codex INS / EU E-number", "value_or_pattern": "INS 920 / E 920", "note": "Food-additive identity for L-cysteine and its hydrochlorides as flour-treatment agents." }, { "scheme": "HS / tariff (typical)", "value_or_pattern": "2922.49 (amino-acids and their esters, other)", "note": "Common heading for bulk amino-acid trade; national 8-10 digit splits vary." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "JECFA specifications and Codex GSFA: L-cysteine and L-cysteine hydrochlorides as INS 920 flour-treatment agent (FAO/WHO).", "EU: E 920 authorised as a food additive (flour treatment) under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 and the Union list; specifications under Regulation (EU) No 231/2012.", "United States: cysteine and cysteine hydrochloride listed among food additives / dough conditioners (21 CFR, e.g. 184.1271 cysteine and 184.1272 L-cysteine hydrochloride as GRAS for intended uses).", "Pharmacopoeias: USP/NF, Ph. Eur., and JP monographs for Cysteine Hydrochloride (and related parenteral amino-acid solutions) set identity, assay, specific rotation, and impurity limits.", "Flavouring: JECFA/EFSA evaluations of L-cysteine as a flavouring substance and as a precursor in process flavours (Maillard/meat notes).", "Religious/dietary certification is not a chemical standard but commercially decisive: animal-keratin vs fermentation origin for kosher, halal, and vegan claims." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Dough conditioner in industrial baking: reduces disulfide bonds in gluten, relaxing dough and shortening mixing time (E/INS 920, typically as the hydrochloride).", "Precursor in process flavours and savoury Maillard chemistry (meat, roast, and onion notes) via Strecker and sulfur-volatile pathways.", "Component of crystalline amino-acid infusion and parenteral-nutrition solutions, and a starting material for N-acetyl-L-cysteine (mucolytic / antidote).", "Reducing agent and processing aid in cosmetics (cold-wave permanent waving and hair-straightening formulations) and in some biomedical cell-culture media.", "Industrial intermediate for cysteine derivatives, flavour chemicals, and some pharmaceutical APIs." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molecular mass (free acid)", "typical_range": "121.16 (exact mass ~121.0197)", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Specific optical rotation [α]D (free acid, aqueous)", "typical_range": "about +8 to +10 (pharmacopoeial limits are salt- and concentration-specific)", "unit": "degrees" }, { "quantity": "Side-chain thiol pKa", "typical_range": "8.3-8.5", "unit": "pKa" }, { "quantity": "Isoelectric point (pI)", "typical_range": "about 5.0-5.1", "unit": "pH" }, { "quantity": "Melting / decomposition point (free acid)", "typical_range": "decomposes around 220-240", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Assay (food/pharma grade, as C3H7NO2S or as hydrochloride salt)", "typical_range": "typically ≥98.0-101.0 on the anhydrous/dried basis", "unit": "% w/w" }, { "quantity": "Use level as flour-treatment agent", "typical_range": "tens of mg/kg flour in baking practice; legal maxima are jurisdiction- and food-category-specific", "unit": "mg/kg" }, { "quantity": "Aqueous solubility (free acid, 25 °C)", "typical_range": "highly soluble, on the order of 100+", "unit": "g/L" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Air oxidation of the thiol to L-cystine (insoluble disulfide), especially in solution and on storage of damp product - assay drop and haze/precipitation.", "Racemisation and thermal decomposition on heating; sulfur stench (H2S, thiols) from overheating or microbial spoilage.", "Hygroscopicity of the hydrochloride salts: caking, water-content out of specification, and accelerated oxidation.", "Occupational hazard: respiratory and eye irritation from fine amino-acid dust; the free thiol has a characteristic unpleasant odour.", "Process-flavour overuse can generate high levels of sulfur volatiles and, in some Maillard systems, undesirable process contaminants - dose and process control matter.", "Parenteral use requires control of related substances (cystine, cysteic acid) and bacterial endotoxin; wrong salt or hydration form can fail identity/assay.", "Allergen/origin issue rather than intrinsic toxicity: undeclared animal-keratin origin conflicts with vegan, kosher, or halal specifications even when chemically identical." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Food-additive naming: E 920 in the EU/UK vs INS 920 in Codex-aligned markets; the United States labels the ingredient as cysteine / L-cysteine hydrochloride rather than an E-number.", "Permitted food categories and maximum levels differ: some jurisdictions restrict E 920 mainly to flours and bread, others have broader or narrower GSFA provisions.", "Sourcing practice: East Asian industrial production historically used human hair and now commonly duck feathers or pig bristles; European and multinational food brands increasingly specify fermentation-derived material for labelling and religious-diet reasons.", "Pharmacopoeial salt form: many markets trade the monohydrate hydrochloride as the default 'L-cysteine' commodity, so a purchase specification must name the salt and hydration." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "D-Cysteine / DL-cysteine", "difference": "Opposite or mixed α-configuration; separated by specific optical rotation and by chiral HPLC or enzymatic L-amino-acid oxidase assays. Only the L-enantiomer is proteinogenic and the usual food/pharma article." }, { "name": "L-Cystine (Cys-Cys disulfide)", "difference": "Oxidised dimer, poorly soluble, no free thiol; distinguished by solubility, Ellman/thiol titration, and a different CAS (56-89-3) and residue code (not free Cys)." }, { "name": "L-Cysteine hydrochloride (anhydrous vs monohydrate)", "difference": "Same amino acid, different counter-ion and water of crystallisation; water content (KF), chloride assay, and CAS/UNII identify the article. The monohydrate is the common bulk food grade." }, { "name": "N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)", "difference": "N-acetylated prodrug/mucolytic, not E 920; IR/NMR show the amide, and it has a distinct CAS (616-91-1) and pharmacopoeial monograph." }, { "name": "L-Methionine", "difference": "The other proteinogenic sulfur amino acid, with a thioether not a thiol; negative Ellman test, different residue code Met/M, and no dough-reducing action of the same kind." }, { "name": "L-Homocysteine", "difference": "One-carbon-longer thiol amino acid (clinical metabolite, not a coded protein residue); chromatographic retention and mass (135 vs 121) separate it from cysteine." }, { "name": "Cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol)", "difference": "Decarboxylated analogue used as a drug (e.g. cystinosis); lacks the carboxylate, different CAS (60-23-1) and much more volatile/odorous." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of L-Cysteine this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry or an existing world model already own L-cysteine, and how does it assign related salts, hydrates and solution preparations?", "Which analytical methods and acceptance limits adequately resolve L-cysteine, D-cysteine, cystine and interfering thiols in each intended matrix?", "What measured stability data establish retest intervals under the actual concentration, pH, temperature, oxygen exposure and packaging conditions?", "Which origin, impurity, microbiological and grade requirements apply to the intended applications, and what lot-specific evidence supports them?", "Which thiol-availability or conversion thresholds predict acceptable performance in the intended operation?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a L-Cysteine, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise L-cysteine, assess its identity and thiol availability in a particular material, and determine whether that material is suitable for a specified operation.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a L-Cysteine, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one L-Cysteine from another, and a L-Cysteine from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a L-Cysteine sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a L-Cysteine from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a L-Cysteine is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a L-Cysteine is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a L-Cysteine is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a L-Cysteine is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a L-Cysteine is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a L-Cysteine is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a L-Cysteine passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a L-Cysteine between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a L-Cysteine, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a L-Cysteine is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a L-Cysteine and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a L-Cysteine is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a L-Cysteine performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a L-Cysteine.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a L-Cysteine at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a L-Cysteine there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What L-Cysteine is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name L-Cysteine unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of L-Cysteine exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How L-Cysteine behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of L-Cysteine, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is L-Cysteine incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How L-Cysteine can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is L-Cysteine classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover L-Cysteine, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a L-Cysteine came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a L-Cysteine and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a L-Cysteine is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a L-Cysteine, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a L-Cysteine, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a L-Cysteine is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }