{ "model": { "rank": 4454, "code": "thing-q18674606", "model_id": "vr.tr.malus-domestica", "name": "Malus domestica", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Malus domestica, assess a documented apple tree or population in context, and identify appropriate cultivation, monitoring or conservation actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q18674606/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Rosa dei Monti Sibillini", "White Transparent", "French Crab" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q18674606", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18674606", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:15:40Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 27.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ce-bb5b-7350-b66f-22844db80b07\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Malus domestica\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 ", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 73.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ce-bb63-7e02-b4fa-a0a4fe9b0ee8\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Malus domestica\nRegistry id: vr.tr.malus-domestica\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q18674606", "registryId": "vr.tr.malus-domestica", "name": "Malus domestica", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q18674606/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.malus-domestica", "name": "Malus domestica", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Malus domestica, assess a documented apple tree or population in context, and identify appropriate cultivation, monitoring or conservation actions.", "definition": "Malus domestica Borkh. is the domesticated apple, a deciduous fruit-tree species in the family Rosaceae, encompassing cultivated populations and cultivars grown chiefly for their fleshy pome fruits.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the biological identity and condition of Malus domestica under registry entry vr.tr.malus-domestica in PHY / PHY.LIV, distinguishing the taxon from populations, individual trees, cultivars and graft components.", "in_scope": [ "Taxonomic identity, nomenclatural authority and evidence supporting identification", "Cultivar identity, propagation history and the separate identities of scion and rootstock", "Tree development, seasonal phenology, flowering and fruit production", "Occurrence, growing conditions and managed or spontaneous establishment", "Tree health, biological interactions and evidence supporting management or conservation decisions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Harvested apples as food products, commercial grades or processed ingredients", "Orchard businesses, ownership, labour and supply-chain operations", "Other Malus taxa except as identification alternatives or documented biological relations", "Rootstock taxa as independent organisms beyond their relationship to a grafted tree", "Pesticide products, application regulations and treatment protocols owned by neighbouring models" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require an identification that resolves cultivated apple against other Malus taxa and hybrids; the common name 'apple' alone is insufficient.", "Evaluate a documented combination of leaves, flowers, fruit and growth habit against an identification reference; fruit colour alone does not establish taxon or cultivar.", "Separate species identification from cultivar identification: evidence for Malus domestica does not establish a named cultivar.", "For grafted trees, distinguish observations of the fruit-bearing scion from rootstock growth and suckers before assigning identity.", "Distinguish a living tree or population from harvested fruit, seed lots and cultivar descriptions by recording the subject of every observation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Taxonomic determination", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Scientific name linked to authority, nomenclatural reference, determination date and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Anchors identification while allowing different references or later determinations to be reconciled." }, { "name": "Observation subject", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Taxon | population | individual tree | scion | rootstock | sampled organ", "why_it_matters": "Prevents taxon-level assertions and component-level measurements from being attributed to an entire tree." }, { "name": "Cultivar determination", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unknown | reported label | documented provenance | corroborated identification", "why_it_matters": "Makes cultivar-dependent expectations conditional on the strength of identification." }, { "name": "Propagation and graft relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Documented propagation method; own-rooted or grafted status; scion and rootstock identities where known", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of vigour, suckering, propagation options and component-specific symptoms." }, { "name": "Developmental and seasonal stage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Juvenile or reproductive maturity; dated dormancy, bud development, flowering, fruit development and leaf senescence observations", "why_it_matters": "Places health assessments and interventions in the tree's actual developmental context." }, { "name": "Tree size and growth", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Height and canopy spread in m; trunk diameter in cm at a stated location; shoot extension in cm per stated interval", "why_it_matters": "Tracks growth while making measurements comparable across dates and graft configurations." }, { "name": "Flowering overlap", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Dated flowering intervals and overlap in days with identified potential pollen donors", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of pollination opportunities without assuming that proximity establishes compatibility." }, { "name": "Fruit set and retention", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Fruit count per recorded flower or cluster sample; retained fruit count at specified dates", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes flowering from successful fruit development and makes sampling limitations explicit." }, { "name": "Growing environment", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Temperature in °C, soil pH, soil moisture with method and units, and light exposure with method and observation period", "why_it_matters": "Connects site conditions to observed performance without imposing unsupported universal thresholds." }, { "name": "Health and structural condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Dated symptoms, affected organs, severity, structural defects and diagnostic confidence", "why_it_matters": "Separates visible damage from confirmed causes and supports proportionate follow-up." }, { "name": "Occurrence and conservation context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Cultivated | spontaneous | establishment uncertain; geographic and assessment references recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a planted occurrence from establishing native range or a cultivar's rarity from establishing species conservation status." } ], "affordances": [ "Document an identification and request diagnostic observations when taxon or cultivar identity remains uncertain.", "Track individual trees and distinguish their scion, rootstock and sucker observations.", "Schedule phenology observations and assess flowering overlap with potential pollen donors.", "Compare growth, fruit set and symptoms across seasons using consistent measurements.", "Identify evidence needed before pruning, propagating, relocating or treating a tree.", "Record provenance and conservation relevance of living material without conflating cultivar preservation with species threat status." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "apple-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Apple identity and boundaries", "description": "Establish what the registered name denotes and what biological subject each record describes.", "rationale": "Species names, cultivar labels, apple fruit and grafted trees can otherwise be treated as interchangeable subjects.", "layers": [ { "id": "taxonomic-anchor", "name": "Taxonomic anchor", "description": "Resolve the scientific name through explicit references and identification evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "referenced-name-and-determination", "name": "Referenced name and determination", "description": "Record the nomenclatural treatment used and keep registry identity separate from an individual specimen's determination.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which taxonomic reference supplies the accepted name, author citation and publication date for this registry concept, and how does it treat alternative names?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "referenced-name-and-determination-q01" }, { "text": "Which verified GBIF and NCBI taxonomy identifiers correspond to that treatment, and do their taxon boundaries agree?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "referenced-name-and-determination-q02" }, { "text": "What evidence supports identifying the observed material as Malus domestica rather than another Malus taxon or hybrid?", "kind": "definition", "id": "referenced-name-and-determination-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "tree-cultivar-and-graft-subjects", "name": "Tree, cultivar and graft subjects", "description": "Distinguish taxon membership, cultivar designation and the biological components of a tree.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-at-the-right-level", "name": "Identity at the right level", "description": "Attach identity assertions and observations to their actual subjects, retaining uncertainty in cultivar and rootstock labels.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record concern the taxon, a population, an individual tree, a cultivar designation or a sampled graft component?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identity-at-the-right-level-q01" }, { "text": "What nursery, accession, propagation or diagnostic evidence supports the cultivar and rootstock names?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identity-at-the-right-level-q02" }, { "text": "If the tree is grafted, which observed shoots, leaves, flowers and fruit belong to the scion, rootstock or suckers?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identity-at-the-right-level-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "apple-form-and-development", "name": "Apple form and development", "description": "Describe diagnostic organs, growth and seasonal development of the observed tree.", "rationale": "Recognition and interpretation depend on the available organs, developmental stage and effects of tree management.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnostic-organ-evidence", "name": "Diagnostic organ evidence", "description": "Collect comparable observations of leaves, flowers, fruit and woody growth.", "findings": [ { "id": "organ-character-combination", "name": "Organ character combination", "description": "Use multiple documented characters rather than a single appealing fruit or leaf resemblance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which leaf, flower, fruit and shoot characters have been photographed or measured, and at what developmental stages?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "organ-character-combination-q01" }, { "text": "Which identification reference evaluates this character combination, and what alternative identifications remain unresolved?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "organ-character-combination-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "growth-and-seasonal-sequence", "name": "Growth and seasonal sequence", "description": "Track maturation, canopy growth and dated seasonal transitions.", "findings": [ { "id": "development-in-context", "name": "Development in context", "description": "Interpret size and phenology alongside propagation history, rootstock information and training practices.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes establishment date, propagation history and juvenile or reproductive status?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "development-in-context-q01" }, { "text": "When were bud development, flowering, fruit development, leaf senescence and dormancy observed at this site?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "development-in-context-q02" }, { "text": "How have measured growth and canopy form changed alongside pruning, training or rootstock-related observations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "development-in-context-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "apple-reproduction-and-propagation", "name": "Apple reproduction and propagation", "description": "Assess flowering, pollination, fruit development and continuity of propagated material.", "rationale": "Fruit production and preservation of a named cultivar require different evidence and decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "flowering-and-fruit-set", "name": "Flowering and fruit set", "description": "Evaluate reproductive performance through observed flowering and documented pollination conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "pollination-opportunity-and-outcome", "name": "Pollination opportunity and outcome", "description": "Separate the presence of flowers and nearby trees from demonstrated compatibility and measured fruit set.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which potential pollen donors overlap in flowering, and what reference supports compatibility for the identified cultivars?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "pollination-opportunity-and-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "What pollinator activity, flowering weather and flower damage were observed during the relevant interval?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "pollination-opportunity-and-outcome-q02" }, { "text": "What proportion of the recorded flower sample set and retained fruit, and when were counts made?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "pollination-opportunity-and-outcome-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "propagated-material-continuity", "name": "Propagated material continuity", "description": "Maintain traceability between a source tree, propagation method and resulting plants.", "findings": [ { "id": "propagation-purpose-and-identity", "name": "Propagation purpose and identity", "description": "Make the intended identity outcome explicit before selecting or documenting propagation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is propagation intended to preserve a documented cultivar, raise seedlings or produce rootstock material?", "kind": "action", "id": "propagation-purpose-and-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What source-tree identity, propagation method and material-health evidence accompany each resulting plant?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "propagation-purpose-and-identity-q02" }, { "text": "What evidence would justify assigning the source cultivar's identity to the resulting plant?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "propagation-purpose-and-identity-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "apple-site-and-occurrence", "name": "Apple site and occurrence", "description": "Relate the tree's location and establishment history to measured growing conditions.", "rationale": "An occurrence does not by itself establish native range, and site suitability depends on the material and local conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "establishment-and-range-evidence", "name": "Establishment and range evidence", "description": "Separate planted records, spontaneous establishment and taxon-level range claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "located-occurrence-with-history", "name": "Located occurrence with history", "description": "Record locality and establishment evidence without deriving biogeographic status from presence alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where and when was the tree or population recorded, and what evidence indicates planting or spontaneous establishment?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "located-occurrence-with-history-q01" }, { "text": "Which reference distinguishes cultivated distribution, naturalised occurrence, native range and domestication history for this taxonomic treatment?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "located-occurrence-with-history-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "site-conditions-and-response", "name": "Site conditions and response", "description": "Connect temperature, water, soil and light observations to tree performance.", "findings": [ { "id": "material-specific-site-fit", "name": "Material-specific site fit", "description": "Assess growing conditions using cultivar and rootstock evidence where available rather than a single species-wide prescription.", "questions": [ { "text": "What temperature history, frost events, soil drainage, moisture, pH and light exposure have been recorded?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "material-specific-site-fit-q01" }, { "text": "Which sourced cultivar or rootstock requirements are applicable, including the method used for any chilling estimate?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "material-specific-site-fit-q02" }, { "text": "What further site measurements are needed before changing irrigation, planting location or soil management?", "kind": "action", "id": "material-specific-site-fit-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "apple-health-and-stewardship", "name": "Apple health and stewardship", "description": "Support diagnosis, proportionate intervention and preservation of documented biological material.", "rationale": "Tree symptoms, management decisions and conservation claims require evidence at different biological and geographic levels.", "layers": [ { "id": "symptoms-and-management-evidence", "name": "Symptoms and management evidence", "description": "Assess affected organs, progression and potential causes before choosing an intervention.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-condition-and-next-action", "name": "Documented condition and next action", "description": "Keep observed symptoms separate from causal diagnoses and record evidence needed for a useful next step.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which leaves, flowers, fruit, branches, trunk regions, roots or graft unions are affected, with what severity and progression?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "documented-condition-and-next-action-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes suspected pest or pathogen damage from water stress, nutrient problems, frost or mechanical injury?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "documented-condition-and-next-action-q02" }, { "text": "Does the evidence support continued monitoring, diagnostic sampling, specialist assessment or a documented management intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "documented-condition-and-next-action-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conservation-and-material-value", "name": "Conservation and material value", "description": "Distinguish formal taxon assessments from the preservation value of populations, cultivars and individual accessions.", "findings": [ { "id": "conservation-claim-attribution", "name": "Conservation claim attribution", "description": "Attach conservation assertions to a named subject, geographic scope, source and assessment date.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does a verified IUCN assessment exist for the exact taxon treatment, and what are its category, assessment year and geographic scope?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "conservation-claim-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "Is the preservation concern about the species, a local population, a cultivar or a particular accession, and what establishes that concern?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "conservation-claim-attribution-q02" }, { "text": "What identity and provenance evidence should be secured before propagating or removing material considered valuable?", "kind": "action", "id": "conservation-claim-attribution-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, not source-checked research; verify the preferred taxonomic treatment, author citation and database identifiers before publication.", "Domestication involved substantial hybridization; distinguish ancestral wild ranges from the crop's present cultivation and naturalized ranges.", "No IUCN category or assessment year is asserted; an assessment of a wild relative must not be transferred to the domesticated species." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Dessert cultivars", "Cooking cultivars", "Cider cultivars", "Dual-purpose cultivars" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Botanical nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Malus domestica Borkh.", "note": "A widely used scientific name; taxonomic treatments can differ over synonymy and hybrid notation." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "3750", "note": "Taxonomy identifier for Malus domestica." }, { "scheme": "Cultivar nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Malus domestica 'Cultivar Name'", "note": "Cultivar epithets distinguish named cultivated selections, such as 'Granny Smith'; they do not identify individual trees." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, maintained through the International Botanical Congress system, governs botanical names.", "The International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, published by the International Society for Horticultural Science, governs cultivar naming.", "UNECE Standard FFV-50 specifies commercial quality requirements for marketed apples." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Fresh fruit consumption", "Cooking, baking and preserving", "Juice and cider production", "Breeding and research on fruit development, disease resistance and orchard performance", "Orchard cultivation using grafted cultivars and selected rootstocks" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Mature tree height", "typical_range": "Approximately 2-10, strongly dependent on rootstock, cultivar and pruning", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "Fruit diameter", "typical_range": "Approximately 5-10 for many commercial cultivars; smaller and larger fruits occur", "unit": "cm" }, { "quantity": "Somatic chromosome count", "typical_range": "34 in diploid cultivars; 51 in triploid cultivars", "unit": "chromosomes" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Apple scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, damages foliage and fruit.", "Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, can kill shoots and seriously damage trees.", "Spring frost can destroy flowers and reduce fruit set.", "Many cultivars require compatible cross-pollination; unsuitable pollinizers or poor pollinator activity can limit cropping.", "Seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides; chewing and consuming substantial quantities creates a poisoning hazard." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cultivar suitability varies with winter chilling, growing-season length and heat exposure.", "Rootstocks and orchard systems differ with soil conditions, water availability and desired tree size.", "Dessert, cooking and cider traditions favor different combinations of sweetness, acidity, tannins and texture." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Malus sieversii", "difference": "A wild Central Asian species regarded as the principal progenitor of the domesticated apple, rather than the domesticated crop taxon itself." }, { "name": "Malus sylvestris", "difference": "The European wild apple, a distinct species that has contributed ancestry to cultivated apples." }, { "name": "Apple fruit", "difference": "The pome produced by a tree; it is a plant organ and harvested product, not the species." }, { "name": "Apple cultivar", "difference": "A named cultivated selection within the crop, generally maintained by vegetative propagation, rather than the whole species." }, { "name": "Individual apple tree", "difference": "One organism rather than a taxon or population; a grafted tree may combine a scion and rootstock of different genetic origins." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Malus domestica this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which nomenclatural treatment, author citation and publication date should anchor this registry entry, and how should alternative treatments be cross-referenced?", "What are the verified GBIF and NCBI taxonomy identifiers, and do both represent the same circumscription intended by the registry?", "How should native range be represented for this domesticated taxon while distinguishing ancestry, domestication history and subsequent distribution?", "Does an IUCN assessment apply to this exact taxon, and what assessment year and scope can be verified?", "Which authoritative references can support cultivar identification, pollen compatibility and rootstock-dependent growing requirements without implying uniform behaviour across Malus domestica?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 37 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Malus domestica, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise Malus domestica, assess a documented apple tree or population in context, and identify appropriate cultivation, monitoring or conservation actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Rosa dei Monti Sibillini, White Transparent, French Crab.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Malus domestica, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Rosa dei Monti Sibillini", "White Transparent", "French Crab" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Malus domestica from another, and a Malus domestica from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Malus domestica sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Malus domestica from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Malus domestica is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Malus domestica and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Malus domestica is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Malus domestica is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Malus domestica is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Malus domestica moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Malus domestica passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Malus domestica between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Malus domestica, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Malus domestica is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Malus domestica is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Malus domestica, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Malus domestica from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Malus domestica from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Malus domestica does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Malus domestica pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Malus domestica judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Malus domestica lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Malus domestica, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Malus domestica hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Malus domestica came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Malus domestica and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Malus domestica is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Malus domestica, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Malus domestica, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Malus domestica is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }