{ "model": { "rank": 3740, "code": "thing-q186969", "model_id": "vr.tr.ibuprofen", "name": "ibuprofen", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise ibuprofen, assess the identity and condition of a material containing it, and determine which handling or use decisions require further evidence.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q186969/", "tier": 2, "score": 82, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "(-)-ibuprofen", "dexibuprofen", "2-[4-(2-Methylpropyl)(¹³C₆)phenyl]propanoic acid" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 82, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.ibuprofen", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q186969", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186969", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T15:02:04Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 27.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c62-ea1b-7e61-8eb3-310ea6cf92f9\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: ibuprofen\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 801 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 72.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c62-ea20-7431-a103-86ee8ddeafd4\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: ibuprofen\nRegistry id: vr.tr.ibuprofen\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q186969", "registryId": "vr.tr.ibuprofen", "name": "ibuprofen", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q186969/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ibuprofen", "name": "ibuprofen", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise ibuprofen, assess the identity and condition of a material containing it, and determine which handling or use decisions require further evidence.", "definition": "Ibuprofen is a synthetic chiral arylpropionic acid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that reduces pain, fever and inflammation through reversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase-mediated prostaglandin synthesis.", "scope_statement": "This model owns ibuprofen as a chemical substance and pharmaceutical active ingredient in PHY / PHY.OBJ, including its stereochemical identity, material properties, quality attributes and relationships to medicinal formulations; individual products, treatment decisions and manufacturing operations belong to neighbouring models.", "in_scope": [ "Chemical identity and evidence distinguishing ibuprofen from other active ingredients", "Stereochemical composition and relationships between racemic ibuprofen, individual enantiomers and salt forms", "Physical form, solubility behaviour and material condition", "Assay, impurities, degradation and batch-specific quality evidence", "Relationships between ibuprofen content, formulation, release behaviour and intended pharmaceutical function" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete branded medicine records, packaging configurations and marketing authorisations", "Patient-specific prescribing, dosing, contraindication assessment or treatment recommendations", "Full models of related substances such as dexibuprofen, ibuprofen salts or metabolites", "Manufacturing equipment, synthesis operations and facility qualification", "Disease models and clinical care pathways", "Complete environmental fate and wastewater treatment models" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Chemical identity must match ibuprofen's molecular structure; an analgesic indication, trade name or tablet appearance does not establish identity.", "Distinguish racemic ibuprofen from a single-enantiomer material using explicit stereochemical designation and, where required, analytical evidence.", "Distinguish the free acid from an ibuprofen salt by the declared chemical form and counterion rather than treating their masses as interchangeable.", "Distinguish bulk ibuprofen active ingredient from a finished medicine containing ibuprofen, excipients and possibly additional active ingredients.", "Distinguish ibuprofen from other anti-inflammatory medicines through substance-specific identity evidence rather than shared therapeutic classification." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Chemical identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Structure identifier and chemical name, with the identifier's stereochemical and salt-form scope stated", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a product label or therapeutic category from substituting for substance identification." }, { "name": "Stereochemical composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "R and S proportions in %, with analytical method; unknown where unmeasured", "why_it_matters": "Separates racemic material from enantiomer-enriched material and supports correct links to neighbouring substance models." }, { "name": "Chemical form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Free acid, named salt or unresolved form; hydration or solvation specified where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Controls the interpretation of identity, mass, composition and formulation evidence." }, { "name": "Ibuprofen content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% mass fraction, mg/g, mg/mL or mg per dosage unit, with free-acid-equivalent and dry/as-is basis stated", "why_it_matters": "Makes content comparable without confusing total formulation mass with ibuprofen mass." }, { "name": "Solid-state and particle condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed solid form and aggregation state; particle-size distribution in µm where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Supports investigation of differences in processing and dissolution." }, { "name": "Solubility under specified conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mg/mL or mol/L, with solvent, pH, temperature and method", "why_it_matters": "Avoids treating a condition-dependent property as a single universal value." }, { "name": "Impurity and degradation profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Named components in %, ppm or a method-specific reporting basis, with detection limits", "why_it_matters": "Allows quality decisions to rest on measured composition and applicable limits." }, { "name": "Quality disposition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed, quarantined, released, rejected or retest required, with authority and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Separates verified suitability from mere possession or apparent identity." }, { "name": "Formulation relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked medicinal product, ingredient role, declared strength and release designation", "why_it_matters": "Connects the substance to its presentation while keeping product behaviour outside substance identity." } ], "affordances": [ "Compare a declared ibuprofen identity with analytical and supplier evidence, flagging unresolved chemical-form or stereochemical differences.", "Normalise ibuprofen content only when the chemical form, equivalence basis and units are known.", "Assess a batch against an explicitly identified specification and route unresolved results for review.", "Select handling and storage actions from documentation applicable to the actual material or formulation.", "Link an ibuprofen-containing medicine to its product information before interpreting release, administration or clinical restrictions." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "ibuprofen-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Ibuprofen identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes which chemical entity is being described and separates it from related substances and products.", "rationale": "The name ibuprofen alone does not resolve stereochemistry, salt form or whether the subject is an ingredient or a medicine.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-and-stereochemical-identity", "name": "Molecular and stereochemical identity", "description": "Records the identity claims and evidence needed to recognise ibuprofen.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-evidence-to-establish", "name": "Identity evidence to establish", "description": "The draft requires a verified structural identity and an explicit account of stereochemical composition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authoritative structure and identifiers define ibuprofen here, and do they explicitly represent a racemate or leave stereochemistry unspecified?", "kind": "definition", "id": "identity-evidence-to-establish-q01" }, { "text": "Which analytical evidence establishes chemical identity, and which additional evidence establishes the R/S composition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "identity-evidence-to-establish-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "related-forms-and-products", "name": "Related forms and products", "description": "Locates salts, enantiomers and finished medicines relative to this registry entry.", "findings": [ { "id": "chemical-form-and-product-boundary", "name": "Chemical form and product boundary", "description": "Related forms and formulations need explicit relationships rather than silent identity equivalence.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should this entry link to dexibuprofen and named ibuprofen salts without duplicating their substance models?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "chemical-form-and-product-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Is the material under assessment bulk free-acid ibuprofen, a related chemical form or a finished medicine containing it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "chemical-form-and-product-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-form-and-formulation-behaviour", "name": "Physical form and formulation behaviour", "description": "Captures material properties that affect how ibuprofen can be processed, dispersed or released.", "rationale": "Chemical identity alone cannot explain the behaviour of different ibuprofen materials and preparations.", "layers": [ { "id": "solid-material-characterisation", "name": "Solid material characterisation", "description": "Examines the physical attributes of the actual ibuprofen material.", "findings": [ { "id": "solid-state-and-particle-evidence", "name": "Solid-state and particle evidence", "description": "Solid form and particle measurements should be recorded where they affect the intended application.", "questions": [ { "text": "What solid-state characterisation supports the form assigned to this ibuprofen sample?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "solid-state-and-particle-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which particle-size, aggregation or moisture attributes must be controlled for its intended formulation process?", "kind": "action", "id": "solid-state-and-particle-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "solution-and-release-conditions", "name": "Solution and release conditions", "description": "Separates substance solubility evidence from formulation-specific dissolution and release.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-specific-solubility-and-dissolution", "name": "Condition-specific solubility and dissolution", "description": "Solubility and dissolution records need conditions and a clear distinction between ingredient and product results.", "questions": [ { "text": "What ibuprofen solubility has been measured at the relevant pH, temperature and solvent composition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-specific-solubility-and-dissolution-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed release properties belong to the ibuprofen material, and which require the linked formulation model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "condition-specific-solubility-and-dissolution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ibuprofen-quality-and-stability", "name": "Ibuprofen quality and stability", "description": "Connects content, impurities and storage history to evidence-based material disposition.", "rationale": "A material may be correctly identified as ibuprofen while remaining unsuitable for its intended use.", "layers": [ { "id": "assay-and-related-substances", "name": "Assay and related substances", "description": "Defines the evidence needed to interpret ibuprofen content and unwanted components.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification-linked-composition", "name": "Specification-linked composition", "description": "Assay and impurity results require an applicable specification, method and reporting basis.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which pharmacopoeial or other authorised specification and edition apply to this ibuprofen material and intended use?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "specification-linked-composition-q01" }, { "text": "What assay and related-substance results are available, and on what chemical-form and moisture basis are they reported?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "specification-linked-composition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "storage-and-material-disposition", "name": "Storage and material disposition", "description": "Relates documented storage conditions and stability evidence to continued suitability.", "findings": [ { "id": "stability-supported-disposition", "name": "Stability-supported disposition", "description": "Retest, release or rejection decisions should use evidence specific to the material and its storage history.", "questions": [ { "text": "What stability evidence supports the assigned storage conditions, container and retest or expiry date for this material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "stability-supported-disposition-q01" }, { "text": "Which storage excursions or analytical changes require quarantine, retesting or rejection under the applicable procedure?", "kind": "action", "id": "stability-supported-disposition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "pharmaceutical-role-and-action-limits", "name": "Pharmaceutical role and action limits", "description": "Links ibuprofen's pharmaceutical role to product evidence and appropriate decision boundaries.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish recognising an active ingredient from establishing that a particular medicine or use is appropriate.", "layers": [ { "id": "active-ingredient-role", "name": "Active ingredient role", "description": "Connects substance-level pharmacological evidence with the medicinal products that contain ibuprofen.", "findings": [ { "id": "pharmacology-and-product-linkage", "name": "Pharmacology and product linkage", "description": "Pharmacological claims require sources, while indications and administration details require a specific product context.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authoritative sources establish ibuprofen's pharmacological class and mechanism, including any relevant stereochemical distinctions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "pharmacology-and-product-linkage-q01" }, { "text": "Which indications, routes and release claims belong to the linked authorised product rather than to ibuprofen in isolation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "pharmacology-and-product-linkage-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-clinical-handoff", "name": "Handling and clinical handoff", "description": "Identifies the documentation needed for material handling and for referral to clinical decision models.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-required-before-action", "name": "Evidence required before action", "description": "Handling bulk material and administering a medicine require different evidence and decision contexts.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which safety data sheet and local procedures govern handling, spills and disposal of this particular ibuprofen material?", "kind": "action", "id": "evidence-required-before-action-q01" }, { "text": "What product and patient information must be handed to a clinical decision model before assessing administration, interactions or restrictions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "evidence-required-before-action-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the active chemical substance from recall; no sources were consulted.", "Physical-property values refer to the free acid and depend on stereochemical composition and measurement conditions.", "Researchers should verify current pharmacopoeial editions and jurisdiction-specific product approvals, restrictions and safety wording." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Racemic ibuprofen", "Dexibuprofen, the isolated S-enantiomer", "Ibuprofen sodium", "Ibuprofen lysine" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "15687-27-1", "note": "Identifies ibuprofen; individual enantiomers and salts have separate identifiers." }, { "scheme": "WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification", "value_or_pattern": "M01AE01", "note": "Ibuprofen within propionic acid derivative anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products." }, { "scheme": "IUPAC chemical nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoic acid", "note": "Names the molecular constitution without specifying an enantiomer." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary, issued by USP: monographs establish quality requirements for ibuprofen drug substance and specified preparations.", "European Pharmacopoeia, published by the Council of Europe's EDQM: its ibuprofen monograph establishes pharmaceutical quality requirements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Symptomatic relief of mild to moderate pain.", "Reduction of fever.", "Relief of primary dysmenorrhoea.", "Symptomatic treatment of inflammatory musculoskeletal and arthritic conditions.", "Certain intravenous ibuprofen products are used to close a patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass of the free acid", "typical_range": "206.28", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Melting range of racemic free acid", "typical_range": "75-78", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Acid dissociation constant, pKa", "typical_range": "Approximately 4.9", "unit": "dimensionless" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Gastrointestinal ulceration, bleeding and perforation.", "Kidney injury and fluid retention, particularly with dehydration or impaired kidney function.", "Increased risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction and stroke.", "Hypersensitivity reactions, including bronchospasm in susceptible people and rare severe skin reactions.", "Use during pregnancy can cause fetal kidney dysfunction and premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Nonprescription availability, permitted strengths, pack sizes and age restrictions differ between jurisdictions.", "Availability and approved indications of topical, intravenous, salt and single-enantiomer products vary by country." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Dexibuprofen", "difference": "The isolated S-enantiomer; conventional ibuprofen is generally supplied as a racemic mixture." }, { "name": "Naproxen", "difference": "A distinct propionic acid derivative NSAID with a different molecular structure and generally longer elimination half-life." }, { "name": "Aspirin", "difference": "A salicylate that irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenase; ibuprofen inhibits it reversibly." }, { "name": "Paracetamol", "difference": "An analgesic and antipyretic with little clinically useful peripheral anti-inflammatory activity." }, { "name": "Ibuprofen medicinal product", "difference": "A formulated preparation containing ibuprofen plus excipients; the registered substance is distinct from a brand, dosage form or individual tablet." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of ibuprofen this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend ibuprofen to denote the racemic free acid specifically, and are existing models already authoritative for that identity or its related forms?", "Which authoritative identity sources and current quality specifications should anchor the researched model?", "Which solid-state and particle attributes are demonstrably significant for the ibuprofen materials covered, rather than merely possible measurements?", "What evidence supports storage limits, degradation markers and retest decisions for bulk ibuprofen versus individual formulations?", "Which pharmacological findings can be stated at substance level, and which safety or use claims must remain attached to a jurisdiction-specific medicinal product?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 17, "questions": 25 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a ibuprofen, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise ibuprofen, assess the identity and condition of a material containing it, and determine which handling or use decisions require further evidence.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: (-)-ibuprofen, dexibuprofen, 2-[4-(2-Methylpropyl)(¹³C₆)phenyl]propanoic acid.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 82 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a ibuprofen, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "(-)-ibuprofen", "dexibuprofen", "2-[4-(2-Methylpropyl)(¹³C₆)phenyl]propanoic acid" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 82 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one ibuprofen from another, and a ibuprofen from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a ibuprofen sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a ibuprofen from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a ibuprofen is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a ibuprofen is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a ibuprofen is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a ibuprofen is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a ibuprofen is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a ibuprofen is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a ibuprofen passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a ibuprofen between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a ibuprofen, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a ibuprofen is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What ibuprofen is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does ibuprofen perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise ibuprofen, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How ibuprofen is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does ibuprofen have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does ibuprofen need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about ibuprofen is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about ibuprofen hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern ibuprofen, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a ibuprofen came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a ibuprofen and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a ibuprofen is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a ibuprofen, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a ibuprofen, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a ibuprofen is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }