{ "model": { "rank": 4802, "code": "thing-q187659", "model_id": "vr.tr.kana", "name": "kana", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise kana as a Japanese writing-system family, assess kana representations and usage, and choose transformations that preserve the distinctions required by the task.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q187659/", "tier": 2, "score": 72, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "dakuon", "sōgana", "imatto-canna" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 72, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q187659", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187659", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:01:58Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 24, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087f9-4dc9-7561-b9a1-b317ccc665d4\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: kana\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: INF.MED\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 registered", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087f9-4dbd-7d20-9dbe-e3defb423464\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: kana\nRegistry id: vr.tr.kana\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.MED\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for th" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q187659", "registryId": "vr.tr.kana", "name": "kana", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q187659/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.kana", "name": "kana", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise kana as a Japanese writing-system family, assess kana representations and usage, and choose transformations that preserve the distinctions required by the task.", "definition": "Kana are Japanese phonographic writing systems, principally hiragana and katakana, whose basic signs generally represent morae rather than individual phonemes or meanings.", "scope_statement": "This model owns kana as a family of mora-oriented phonographic writing systems, principally hiragana and katakana, including their repertoires, orthographic conventions and digital representations; it does not treat kana as an individual authored work.", "in_scope": [ "Hiragana and katakana repertoires and relationships", "Relationships between kana signs, combinations, morae and contextual readings", "Small kana, voicing marks, prolonged-sound marks and iteration conventions", "Contemporary, historical and specialised kana usage, with explicit profiles", "Character identity, glyph variation, encoding and representation-preserving transformations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Japanese grammar, vocabulary and phonology beyond their interface with kana", "Kanji as a complete writing system and the full organisation of mixed Japanese text", "Romanisation systems except as named conversion interfaces", "Authorship, editions and rights of works containing kana", "Physical manuscripts, printed carriers and font software as independently managed objects" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A kana sign or conventional combination primarily represents sound rather than the lexical meanings associated with kanji.", "The repertoire must be identifiable as hiragana, katakana or a documented kana variant; Japanese-language content alone does not establish kana identity.", "Moraic interpretation cannot be obtained by counting visible signs: small-kana combinations and signs such as small tsu require distinct rules.", "Hiragana and katakana may correspond in reading while retaining different orthographic and stylistic functions.", "A kana character, its displayed glyph and its encoded sequence are distinguishable; visual similarity alone does not establish identical representation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Kana subsystem", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "hiragana | katakana | mixed kana | documented historical variant | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Selects the repertoire and correspondence rules that an agent may apply." }, { "name": "Orthographic profile", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named convention with language, period, community and source", "why_it_matters": "Prevents modern Japanese conventions from being imposed on historical or specialised usage." }, { "name": "Sign and combination role", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "ordinary kana | small kana | voicing mark | prolonged-sound mark | iteration mark | profile-specific role", "why_it_matters": "Determines how a sign contributes to reading and whether neighbouring signs are required." }, { "name": "Contextual reading", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Kana sequence linked to a reading under a stated orthographic and linguistic context", "why_it_matters": "Separates conventional sound values from context-dependent pronunciation." }, { "name": "Mora count", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "morae per interpreted sequence; unknown when reading is unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Supports pronunciation and prosodic tasks without confusing character count with sound structure." }, { "name": "Encoding representation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Encoding name, code-point sequence, normalisation form and width variant where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Makes representation differences and conversion effects inspectable." }, { "name": "Interpretation status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "resolved | context-dependent | ambiguous | outside selected profile | unreadable", "why_it_matters": "Controls whether an agent can safely interpret or transform the sequence." }, { "name": "Transformation fidelity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "exactly reversible | reading-preserving under stated assumptions | lossy | unassessed", "why_it_matters": "Makes clear which distinctions a proposed conversion retains." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify hiragana, katakana and associated marks within mixed text.", "Validate a kana sequence against a selected contemporary, historical or specialised orthographic profile.", "Analyse kana combinations and propose contextual readings while preserving ambiguity.", "Convert between hiragana and katakana where correspondence is established, recording exceptions and lost usage distinctions.", "Normalise digital representations under an explicit fidelity policy while retaining the original sequence.", "Produce transliteration or transcription candidates with named conventions and uncertainty annotations." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "kana-identity-and-repertoire", "name": "Kana identity and repertoire", "description": "Establishes which kana subsystem and repertoire the model instance describes.", "rationale": "Kana must be recognised as a writing-system family rather than mistaken for Japanese text generally or an authored medium.", "layers": [ { "id": "subsystem-boundaries", "name": "Subsystem boundaries", "description": "Separates hiragana, katakana and documented variants from neighbouring sign systems.", "findings": [ { "id": "kana-membership", "name": "Kana membership", "description": "Record the evidence that a sign belongs to a kana repertoire, separating character identity from visual resemblance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which repertoire establishes this sign as hiragana, katakana or another documented kana form?", "kind": "definition", "id": "kana-membership-q01" }, { "text": "Could the observed form instead be a kanji, punctuation mark or visually similar non-kana character?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "kana-membership-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "repertoire-profiles", "name": "Repertoire profiles", "description": "Defines membership relative to period, language and usage convention.", "findings": [ { "id": "profile-dependent-inventory", "name": "Profile-dependent inventory", "description": "Record ordinary, historical and specialised signs against an explicit repertoire rather than assuming one universal kana inventory.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which period, language and usage community define the applicable kana inventory?", "kind": "definition", "id": "profile-dependent-inventory-q01" }, { "text": "Which reference documents the inclusion and status of historical forms or specialised small katakana?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "profile-dependent-inventory-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sound-and-sequence-interpretation", "name": "Sound and sequence interpretation", "description": "Connects kana sequences to sound units without equating every written sign with a syllable.", "rationale": "Reading and pronunciation tasks depend on combinations, moraic structure and context.", "layers": [ { "id": "moraic-composition", "name": "Moraic composition", "description": "Interprets ordinary signs, small-kana combinations and special moraic roles.", "findings": [ { "id": "written-units-and-morae", "name": "Written units and morae", "description": "Record how signs combine for reading, including contracted sounds, small tsu and moraic n.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which adjacent kana form a combined reading unit under the selected profile?", "kind": "definition", "id": "written-units-and-morae-q01" }, { "text": "How many morae does the interpreted sequence contain, and which interpretation supports that count?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "written-units-and-morae-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contextual-sound-values", "name": "Contextual sound values", "description": "Captures dependencies between written kana, pronunciation and linguistic context.", "findings": [ { "id": "reading-disambiguation", "name": "Reading disambiguation", "description": "Keep written form distinct from contextual reading, including particle spellings and vowel-sequence interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does grammatical or lexical context change the expected reading, as with は, へ or を in particle use?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "reading-disambiguation-q01" }, { "text": "What context must an agent obtain before selecting a pronunciation or interpreting a vowel sequence as length?", "kind": "action", "id": "reading-disambiguation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kana-orthographic-functions", "name": "Kana orthographic functions", "description": "Models script choice and the conventions governing kana-associated marks.", "rationale": "Matching sound values alone cannot establish that two kana expressions are interchangeable.", "layers": [ { "id": "script-choice", "name": "Script choice", "description": "Records the function of hiragana or katakana in a particular expression.", "findings": [ { "id": "script-choice-significance", "name": "Script-choice significance", "description": "Record whether subsystem choice serves grammatical, lexical, reading-aid, emphasis or stylistic purposes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What function does hiragana or katakana serve in this occurrence, and what contextual evidence supports that interpretation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "script-choice-significance-q01" }, { "text": "Would conversion to the corresponding kana subsystem alter emphasis, convention or the role of a reading annotation?", "kind": "action", "id": "script-choice-significance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "modifiers-and-repetition", "name": "Modifiers and repetition", "description": "Interprets voicing, length and iteration marks under the selected convention.", "findings": [ { "id": "mark-attachment-and-effect", "name": "Mark attachment and effect", "description": "Record the host or preceding context required by dakuten, handakuten, prolonged-sound marks and kana iteration marks.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which kana or preceding sequence does each mark modify or repeat?", "kind": "definition", "id": "mark-attachment-and-effect-q01" }, { "text": "Does the selected orthographic profile permit this mark in this position, and how should unresolved uses be retained?", "kind": "action", "id": "mark-attachment-and-effect-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kana-digital-representation", "name": "Kana digital representation", "description": "Separates kana character identity from code points, combining sequences and displayed forms.", "rationale": "Search, comparison and conversion can silently lose distinctions when they treat all visually similar kana as identical.", "layers": [ { "id": "characters-and-glyphs", "name": "Characters and glyphs", "description": "Records encoded characters and their relationship to visible kana forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "representation-equivalence", "name": "Representation equivalence", "description": "Distinguish precomposed and combining representations, width variants and font-dependent glyph differences.", "questions": [ { "text": "What exact code-point sequence represents the kana and any attached voicing marks?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "representation-equivalence-q01" }, { "text": "Is an observed difference a distinct kana character, an encoding alternative or a glyph variation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "representation-equivalence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "normalisation-and-matching", "name": "Normalisation and matching", "description": "Defines which kana distinctions a digital operation may collapse.", "findings": [ { "id": "task-specific-equivalence", "name": "Task-specific equivalence", "description": "Record separate policies for Unicode normalisation, width folding and script-insensitive matching.", "questions": [ { "text": "May this task ignore width, voicing representation or hiragana-katakana differences, and which distinctions must remain searchable?", "kind": "action", "id": "task-specific-equivalence-q01" }, { "text": "Which original distinctions would the proposed operation erase, and can the original sequence be recovered?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "task-specific-equivalence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "historical-forms-and-conversion", "name": "Historical forms and conversion", "description": "Governs interpretation across historical kana usage and conversion into other representations.", "rationale": "Modernisation and transliteration require explicit conventions and must expose unresolved or lossy mappings.", "layers": [ { "id": "historical-interpretation", "name": "Historical interpretation", "description": "Places historical spellings and variant forms in a documented context.", "findings": [ { "id": "historical-form-resolution", "name": "Historical form resolution", "description": "Preserve observed historical forms separately from proposed modern equivalents or readings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dated specimen or reference supports the identification of this historical kana form or spelling?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "historical-form-resolution-q01" }, { "text": "Is the proposed modern equivalent a character correspondence, an orthographic modernisation or an inferred pronunciation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "historical-form-resolution-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conversion-contracts", "name": "Conversion contracts", "description": "Defines the assumptions and fidelity of kana conversion operations.", "findings": [ { "id": "conversion-with-declared-loss", "name": "Conversion with declared loss", "description": "Record source and target conventions, contextual assumptions, unsupported forms and recoverability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which named convention governs conversion to another kana subsystem, romanisation or pronunciation notation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "conversion-with-declared-loss-q01" }, { "text": "Should the agent return alternatives or preserve the source unchanged when the mapping is ambiguous or unsupported?", "kind": "action", "id": "conversion-with-declared-loss-q02" }, { "text": "Which spelling, script-choice or historical distinctions cannot be reconstructed from the converted output?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conversion-with-declared-loss-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The intended sense is inferred to be the Japanese writing systems because no registry definition was supplied.", "Kana is a script category, not an individual creative work, edition or physical carrier.", "Historical inventories and language-specific extensions require checking against the particular period and orthographic convention." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Hiragana", "Katakana", "Hentaigana, historical variant forms of hiragana" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ISO 15924", "value_or_pattern": "Hira", "note": "Script code for hiragana." }, { "scheme": "ISO 15924", "value_or_pattern": "Kana", "note": "Script code for katakana, despite the broader meaning of the name kana." }, { "scheme": "ISO 15924", "value_or_pattern": "Hrkt", "note": "Code for Japanese syllabaries, representing hiragana and katakana together." }, { "scheme": "Unicode", "value_or_pattern": "U+3040-U+309F; U+30A0-U+30FF", "note": "The principal Hiragana and Katakana blocks; additional kana characters occur in other blocks." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO 15924, issued by ISO, provides script identification codes.", "The Unicode Standard, maintained by the Unicode Consortium, defines character encoding and normalization relevant to kana.", "ISO/IEC 10646, issued by ISO and IEC, includes kana in the Universal Coded Character Set." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Hiragana writes grammatical particles, inflectional endings and words rendered without kanji.", "Katakana commonly writes loanwords, foreign names, emphasis and sound-symbolic expressions.", "Kana annotations called furigana indicate readings of kanji.", "Kana supports Japanese literacy instruction, dictionaries and text input.", "Extended katakana conventions support writing Ainu." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Basic signs in each modern standard syllabary", "typical_range": "46", "unit": "signs", "note": "Excludes obsolete signs, voiced derivatives, small forms and combinations." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Treating kana as strictly syllabic obscures distinctions involving the moraic nasal, gemination and long vowels.", "Confusing visually similar characters can produce reading, transcription or recognition errors.", "Inconsistent handling of combining voicing marks and precomposed characters can disrupt text matching.", "Fullwidth and halfwidth katakana can cause search or validation mismatches when normalization is inadequate.", "Modernizing historical kana spelling can erase distinctions important to textual scholarship." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Modern standard Japanese kana spelling differs from historical kana orthography.", "Ainu katakana uses additional small-letter conventions to represent sounds that ordinary Japanese katakana does not directly distinguish.", "Kana conventions for Ryukyuan languages vary across languages and orthographic proposals." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Kanji", "difference": "Kanji primarily represents morphemes through characters of Chinese origin; kana primarily represents sound units." }, { "name": "Romaji", "difference": "Romaji represents Japanese using Latin letters rather than kana signs." }, { "name": "Japanese language", "difference": "Japanese is a language; kana comprises writing systems used to represent it." }, { "name": "Man'yogana", "difference": "Man'yogana uses Chinese characters for their phonetic values and is a historical precursor to the simplified kana systems." }, { "name": "Furigana", "difference": "Furigana is a reading-annotation function, usually performed with kana, rather than a separate script." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of kana this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend kana to cover the entire writing-system family, and is any part already owned by an existing Vercy world model?", "Which authoritative references should define the baseline contemporary repertoire and permitted kana combinations?", "How far should historical coverage extend into hentaigana and manuscript forms, and where should specialist palaeographic models take ownership?", "Which specialised or non-Japanese kana usages require explicit profiles, particularly Ainu katakana?", "Which encoding-standard version and conversion references should anchor digital equivalence, normalisation and transliteration policies?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a kana, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise kana as a Japanese writing-system family, assess kana representations and usage, and choose transformations that preserve the distinctions required by the task.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: dakuon, sōgana, imatto-canna.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 72 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a kana, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "dakuon", "sōgana", "imatto-canna" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 72 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one kana from another, and a kana from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a kana sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a kana from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a kana passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a kana between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a kana, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a kana is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a kana says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a kana contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a kana and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of kana a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For kana, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of kana exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made kana and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to kana, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in kana, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a kana came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a kana and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a kana is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a kana, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a kana, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a kana is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }