{ "model": { "rank": 6293, "code": "thing-q188269", "model_id": "vr.tr.interferon", "name": "interferon", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify an interferon material, assess its integrity and context-dependent biological activity, and determine which handling, measurement or use actions are justified.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q188269/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "interferon type I", "interferon type III", "interferon-alpha" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q188269", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188269", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:42:06Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0141797, "turns": 1, "seconds": 179.4, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 82.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c15-d838-79b3-ad56-21b1bb8d4a00\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: interferon\nRegistry id: vr.tr.interferon\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA V" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q188269", "registryId": "vr.tr.interferon", "name": "interferon", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q188269/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.interferon", "name": "interferon", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify an interferon material, assess its integrity and context-dependent biological activity, and determine which handling, measurement or use actions are justified.", "definition": "Interferons are an inducible family of secreted class-II helical cytokines that bind type-specific heterodimeric receptors (IFNAR, IFNGR, or IFNLR) to activate JAK-STAT signalling and interferon-stimulated genes, thereby establishing an antiviral state and modulating innate and adaptive immunity.", "scope_statement": "This model owns interferon protein identity, natural or engineered molecular form, material provenance, measured amount and potency, receptor-dependent activity, and condition of a particular sample or preparation under vr.tr.interferon; family members remain distinctions within this entry.", "in_scope": [ "Interferon family, subtype, species of origin and sequence identity", "Endogenous, isolated and recombinant interferon materials, including modified forms", "Interferon concentration, purity, integrity and assay-specific potency", "Receptor compatibility and biological response in a specified test system", "Preparation composition, storage history and fitness for an intended material use" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Interferon genes, transcripts, vectors and their expression-control mechanisms", "Interferon receptors as independently modelled molecular entities", "Whole immune pathways, infections and interferon-associated diseases", "Patient diagnosis, treatment selection, dosing and clinical monitoring", "Finished medicinal-product authorization, prescribing information and distribution", "Assay instruments, laboratory facilities and general experimental protocols" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require protein-level identity evidence to distinguish interferon material from a gene, transcript or downstream interferon-response signature.", "Resolve family, subtype and species rather than treating the word interferon as one chemically interchangeable substance.", "Distinguish interferon from other cytokines using sequence or validated molecular recognition evidence; an antiviral response alone is insufficient identification.", "Separate unmodified interferon from pegylated, fused, tagged or otherwise engineered forms using molecular-form evidence.", "Distinguish detected interferon protein from demonstrated biological activity by recording identity or abundance assays separately from functional assays." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Interferon classification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Type I, type II, type III, unresolved or other supported classification; named subtype", "why_it_matters": "Prevents family-level labels from concealing biologically relevant differences." }, { "name": "Species and sequence identity", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Source organism, protein accession and version, mature sequence and documented variants", "why_it_matters": "Anchors identity and informs whether evidence from a particular biological system applies." }, { "name": "Molecular modification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Unmodified, glycosylated, pegylated, fusion, tagged, sequence-engineered, mixed or unresolved; modification details", "why_it_matters": "Makes differences between native proteins and engineered preparations explicit." }, { "name": "Production origin", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Biological source or expression host, purification record and sample or lot identifier", "why_it_matters": "Connects material identity and possible impurities to its actual origin." }, { "name": "Interferon concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass per volume or molar concentration, with method, matrix, uncertainty and molecular-mass basis", "why_it_matters": "Supports dilution and exposure calculations without substituting concentration for potency." }, { "name": "Functional potency", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "IU/mL, IU/mg or explicitly defined assay units, with reference material, endpoint and test system", "why_it_matters": "Allows activity comparisons only where calibration and assay context support them." }, { "name": "Molecular integrity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Intact, fragmented, aggregated, chemically altered, mixed or unassessed; supporting measurements", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of degradation and suitability for further use." }, { "name": "Purity and interfering components", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Method-defined purity percentage and measured concentrations of relevant impurities or other cytokines", "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish interferon effects from preparation or matrix effects." }, { "name": "Responsive biological system", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Species, cell or tissue model, receptor evidence, exposure conditions and response endpoint", "why_it_matters": "Keeps activity claims tied to systems in which they were established." }, { "name": "Preparation condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Formulation, physical form, temperature history, time since reconstitution and freeze-thaw history", "why_it_matters": "Provides evidence for applying preparation-specific handling and retesting rules." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify an interferon sample to the most specific identity supported by evidence.", "Select identity, concentration and functional assays suited to its subtype and matrix.", "Compare preparations when molecular form, calibration and response conditions are compatible.", "Plan aliquoting, dilution, storage or reconstitution using preparation-specific instructions.", "Assess whether an experimental response can reasonably be attributed to the interferon.", "Flag a preparation for retesting, restricted use or rejection when evidence fails intended-use criteria." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "isaacs-lindenmann-1957", "title": "Virus interference. I. The interferon", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1957.0048", "what_it_supports": "Original demonstration that a secreted, virus-induced factor (interferon) confers interference, which is the founding definition of the class.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "pestka-krause-walter-2004", "title": "Interferons, interferon-like cytokines, and their receptors", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00202.x", "what_it_supports": "Receptor-based classification into types I-III, ligand repertoire, JAK-STAT signalling, and the distinction from interferon-like cytokines.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "lazear-schoggins-diamond-2019", "title": "Shared and Distinct Functions of Type I and Type III Interferons", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.025", "what_it_supports": "Functional split between IFNAR- and IFNLR-using ligands, tissue restriction of type III responses, and ISG biology used to separate types in practice.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "who-atc-l03ab", "title": "ATC/DDD Index: L03AB Interferons", "url": "https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=L03AB", "what_it_supports": "WHO anatomic-therapeutic classification of interferon medicinal products (alfa, beta, gamma, pegylated forms) as used in formularies.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "nlm-mesh-d007378", "title": "MeSH: Interferons (D007378)", "url": "https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D007378", "what_it_supports": "Controlled vocabulary placing interferons as a cytokine class with type I/II/III children and therapeutic headings.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "edqm-ph-eur-ifn", "title": "European Pharmacopoeia monographs on interferon concentrated solutions and products", "url": "https://www.edqm.eu/en/european-pharmacopoeia-ph-eur", "what_it_supports": "Pharmacopoeial identity, purity and potency of therapeutic interferons, including assay in International Units against WHO reference preparations.", "url_status": "blocked" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "interferon-identity", "name": "Interferon identity", "description": "Establish which interferon the record describes and how precisely it is identified.", "rationale": "Interferon is a family-level name; recognition and comparison require finer molecular distinctions.", "layers": [ { "id": "family-and-subtype", "name": "Family and subtype", "description": "Resolve the recorded name to a supported interferon classification.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-interferon-assignment", "name": "Supported interferon assignment", "description": "Record the family, subtype and evidence supporting assignment, retaining unresolved or mixed identities explicitly.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which interferon family and subtype does the name denote in this record?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-interferon-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "What protein-level evidence supports that assignment rather than merely showing an interferon-associated response?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-interferon-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sequence-and-molecular-form", "name": "Sequence and molecular form", "description": "Distinguish species-specific proteins and engineered forms within the registry entry.", "findings": [ { "id": "identified-protein-form", "name": "Identified protein form", "description": "Record source species, mature sequence and modifications without treating a subtype label as a complete material identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which organism, sequence reference and mature protein boundaries identify this interferon?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identified-protein-form-q01" }, { "text": "Which substitutions, glycans, conjugates, fusion partners or tags distinguish this form from its reference protein?", "kind": "definition", "id": "identified-protein-form-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "origin-and-composition", "name": "Origin and composition", "description": "Describe how the interferon entered the sample and what accompanies it.", "rationale": "An endogenous sample, purified protein and formulated reagent require different interpretations of identity and observed effects.", "layers": [ { "id": "biological-and-production-origin", "name": "Biological and production origin", "description": "Connect the material to its biological source or production process.", "findings": [ { "id": "traceable-interferon-material", "name": "Traceable interferon material", "description": "Record whether the material was sampled endogenously, isolated or produced recombinantly, with traceability to the actual preparation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was this interferon collected from a biological specimen, purified from a producer system or expressed recombinantly?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-interferon-material-q01" }, { "text": "Which sample, expression-host, purification and lot records establish the origin of this material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-interferon-material-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "matrix-and-co-components", "name": "Matrix and co-components", "description": "Identify the surrounding matrix and components relevant to measurement or use.", "findings": [ { "id": "attributable-preparation-composition", "name": "Attributable preparation composition", "description": "Record interferon mixtures, carrier proteins, excipients and measured impurities that may alter interpretation of the preparation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the preparation contain one identified interferon, several interferons or an unresolved mixture?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "attributable-preparation-composition-q01" }, { "text": "Which matrix components, other cytokines or production impurities require measurement or controls before attributing a response to interferon?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "attributable-preparation-composition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "amount-and-functional-potency", "name": "Amount and functional potency", "description": "Keep measurements of interferon abundance distinct from calibrated biological activity.", "rationale": "Agents need both quantity and functional evidence to compare preparations or calculate experimental exposures responsibly.", "layers": [ { "id": "protein-quantity", "name": "Protein quantity", "description": "Establish what an abundance assay measures and how its result is expressed.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretable-interferon-concentration", "name": "Interpretable interferon concentration", "description": "Record the measured analyte, assay specificity, concentration basis and limits of detection or quantification.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reported concentration measure the intended interferon specifically, a cross-reactive group or total preparation protein?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-interferon-concentration-q01" }, { "text": "What units, calibration, matrix corrections and uncertainty support the concentration value?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-interferon-concentration-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "activity-calibration", "name": "Activity calibration", "description": "Make potency values interpretable through their assay and reference preparation.", "findings": [ { "id": "traceable-functional-potency", "name": "Traceable functional potency", "description": "Record the activity endpoint and calibration reference. WHO's interferon-alpha2b standardization work illustrates the need to identify the reference used for potency assignment: [WHO interferon-alpha2b standardization study](https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/WHOBS2020.2389).", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cell system, response endpoint, exposure period and reference preparation define the reported potency?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "traceable-functional-potency-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence permits comparing these units or converting activity to mass for this specific interferon preparation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "traceable-functional-potency-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "receptor-dependent-response", "name": "Receptor-dependent response", "description": "Relate an identified interferon to responsive systems and observed biological effects.", "rationale": "A potency value or response observed in one system does not by itself establish activity in another.", "layers": [ { "id": "target-system-compatibility", "name": "Target-system compatibility", "description": "Establish whether the intended biological system can respond to this interferon form.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-response-compatibility", "name": "Supported response compatibility", "description": "Record receptor requirements and evidence of responsiveness for the actual species and cell or tissue system.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which receptor complex is relevant to this interferon, and what evidence establishes its availability and function in the target system?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-response-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "Has responsiveness to this species-specific or engineered interferon been established in the intended test system?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-response-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "response-attribution", "name": "Response attribution", "description": "Separate measured interferon effects from proxies, confounders and unsupported extrapolation.", "findings": [ { "id": "bounded-biological-effect", "name": "Bounded biological effect", "description": "Record the observed response, exposure conditions and controls needed to interpret its relation to interferon.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which endpoint was measured, at what concentration and duration, and with what viability and matrix controls?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "bounded-biological-effect-q01" }, { "text": "What neutralization, receptor-blocking or other suitable control supports attribution of the response to this interferon?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "bounded-biological-effect-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "integrity-and-use-readiness", "name": "Integrity and use readiness", "description": "Assess the current material condition and evidence needed before a proposed handling or experimental action.", "rationale": "An identified interferon preparation may still lack the integrity, activity or documentation required for its intended use.", "layers": [ { "id": "stability-and-handling-history", "name": "Stability and handling history", "description": "Connect observed integrity to formulation and actual handling conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "current-interferon-condition", "name": "Current interferon condition", "description": "Record structural and functional assessments alongside storage, reconstitution and freeze-thaw history.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes current integrity and retained activity, including any aggregation or fragmentation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "current-interferon-condition-q01" }, { "text": "Which storage conditions, elapsed times and handling excursions occurred relative to instructions validated for this preparation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "current-interferon-condition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "action-eligibility", "name": "Action eligibility", "description": "Determine whether evidence supports a specific material action and identify decisions owned elsewhere.", "findings": [ { "id": "justified-interferon-use", "name": "Justified interferon use", "description": "Tie preparation selection, dilution, retesting or rejection to stated experimental requirements; refer patient-use decisions to the relevant medicinal-product and clinical models.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the preparation meet the identity, potency, purity and condition requirements for the proposed experiment or handling step?", "kind": "action", "id": "justified-interferon-use-q01" }, { "text": "Which preparation-specific instructions justify proceeding, and what missing evidence requires retesting or referral to another model?", "kind": "action", "id": "justified-interferon-use-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Type I interferons (human IFN-α subtypes, IFN-β, IFN-ε, IFN-κ, IFN-ω; IFN-τ in ruminants)", "Type II interferon (IFN-γ, the sole member)", "Type III interferons (IFN-λ1/IL-29, IFN-λ2/IL-28A, IFN-λ3/IL-28B, IFN-λ4)", "Recombinant interferon alfa products (interferon alfa-2a, interferon alfa-2b, interferon alfacon-1)", "Pegylated and other long-acting interferon alfa (peginterferon alfa-2a/2b, ropeginterferon alfa-2b)", "Recombinant interferon beta used as multiple-sclerosis disease-modifying therapy (IFN-β-1a, IFN-β-1b)", "Recombinant interferon gamma-1b", "Veterinary interferon omega (notably feline IFN-ω)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q58731", "note": "Item for the interferon class as a whole; individual ligands and products have their own items." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D007378", "note": "Heading Interferons; narrower headings exist for interferon type I, interferon-gamma, and named products." }, { "scheme": "ATC", "value_or_pattern": "L03AB*", "note": "Immunostimulants, interferons: e.g. L03AB04 interferon alfa-2a, L03AB05 interferon alfa-2b, L03AB07 interferon beta-1a, L03AB08 interferon beta-1b, L03AB03 interferon gamma, L03AB11 peginterferon alfa-2a." }, { "scheme": "WHO INN", "value_or_pattern": "interferon alfa-* | interferon beta-* | interferon gamma-* | peginterferon alfa-* | ropeginterferon alfa-*", "note": "INN spelling uses 'alfa' for alpha ligands; the stem names the ligand type and, for recombinant products, the subtype (2a, 2b, 1a, 1b)." }, { "scheme": "HGNC gene symbol", "value_or_pattern": "IFNA1-IFNA21, IFNB1, IFNE, IFNK, IFNW1, IFNG, IFNL1-IFNL4", "note": "Human gene nomenclature for the secreted ligands; IFNAR1/IFNAR2, IFNGR1/IFNGR2, IFNLR1 name the receptors, not the ligands." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Gene", "value_or_pattern": "3440 (IFNA2); 3456 (IFNB1); 3458 (IFNG)", "note": "Representative human gene IDs for the three ligands most often encountered as medicines or assays." }, { "scheme": "UniProt", "value_or_pattern": "P01563 (IFNA2_HUMAN); P01574 (IFNB_HUMAN); P01579 (IFNG_HUMAN)", "note": "Reviewed protein entries for the principal human therapeutic ligands." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "WHO International Standards for interferons, held by NIBSC, define potency in International Units for type I, II and III ligands and are the reference for bioassays.", "WHO International Nonproprietary Names programme assigns the interferon/peginterferon INNs used on labels.", "European Pharmacopoeia (EDQM) monographs specify identity, glycosylation-related quality attributes, impurities and IU potency for interferon concentrated solutions and finished products.", "United States Pharmacopeia and FDA biologics licensing (BLA under the PHS Act) govern US interferon medicinal products; products are prescription biologics, not chemically synthesised small-molecule drugs.", "EMA product information and CHMP scientific guidelines on similar biological medicinal products containing interferons cover originator and biosimilar interferon beta and alfa.", "ICH Q5A/Q5C/Q6B quality guidelines apply to interferon manufacture, stability and specification setting as recombinant proteins." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Injectable disease-modifying therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis (IFN-β-1a intramuscular or subcutaneous; IFN-β-1b subcutaneous).", "Historical and remaining treatment of chronic hepatitis B, and formerly chronic hepatitis C, as (peg)interferon alfa, often with ribavirin before direct-acting antivirals.", "Oncology and haematology: hairy-cell leukaemia, selected myeloproliferative neoplasms (including ropeginterferon alfa-2b in polycythaemia vera), melanoma and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma.", "IFN-γ-1b as adjunctive therapy in chronic granulomatous disease and delay of disease in malignant osteopetrosis.", "IFN-γ release assays (e.g. QuantiFERON) as blood tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.", "Laboratory reagents and antiviral bioassays (cytopathic-effect reduction) to quantify IFN potency and to phenotype viral IFN antagonists.", "Endogenous type I IFN as a clinical biomarker in SLE, COVID-19 and genetic interferonopathies." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Antiviral specific activity of purified recombinant IFN-α2", "typical_range": "about 1e8-3e8", "unit": "IU/mg" }, { "quantity": "Circulating IFN-α in healthy plasma (immunoassay, highly assay-dependent)", "typical_range": "often below limit of detection to about 5-20", "unit": "pg/mL" }, { "quantity": "Peginterferon alfa-2a adult dose in viral hepatitis regimens", "typical_range": "180", "unit": "µg/week" }, { "quantity": "IFN-β-1a (high-dose subcutaneous product) maintenance dose", "typical_range": "22-44", "unit": "µg three times weekly" }, { "quantity": "QuantiFERON-TB Gold IFN-γ positivity cutoff (nil-subtracted)", "typical_range": "0.35", "unit": "IU/mL" }, { "quantity": "Neutralising anti-IFN antibody titre (product-specific; clinically relevant thresholds vary)", "typical_range": "often considered material above ~20-100", "unit": "neutralising units or tenfold-reduction units" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Treatment-limiting flu-like syndrome, cytopenias, transaminase rises and injection-site reactions, including necrosis with some IFN-β-1b presentations.", "IFN-α neuropsychiatric toxicity, including depression and suicidal behaviour, requiring pre-treatment risk assessment.", "Induction or unmasking of autoimmunity, especially thyroiditis, and worsening of some pre-existing autoimmune diseases.", "Neutralising anti-drug antibodies that abolish bioactivity, well documented for IFN-β in multiple sclerosis.", "Type I interferonopathies (e.g. Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, SAVI) from excessive IFN signalling rather than from the ligand as a medicine.", "Neutralising autoantibodies against type I IFN associated with life-threatening viral disease, including a subset of severe COVID-19.", "Primary non-response in former HCV regimens associated with IFNL3 (IL28B) genotype and with viral IFN-evasion proteins.", "Over-attribution of a raised 'interferon signature' to circulating IFN protein: ISG transcripts can be high when ligand is undetectable." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "INN and US/EU labelling use 'interferon alfa'; scientific and gene nomenclature use 'alpha'.", "Peginterferon alfa remains more visible in hepatitis B practice, and in some lower-resource hepatitis C settings, than in high-income HCV care now dominated by direct-acting antivirals.", "IFN-τ is a pregnancy-recognition factor in ruminants and is not a human therapeutic class.", "Recombinant feline interferon omega has been authorised in some veterinary markets (notably Europe and Japan) and is not a routine US human or companion-animal standard.", "National brand sets differ (e.g. Avonex/Rebif/Betaferon-Betaseron for IFN-β) and biosimilar interferon beta availability is uneven by region.", "Clinical testing for anti-type I IFN autoantibodies is still concentrated in specialist centres and is not uniformly available." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Interferon regulatory factors (IRF3, IRF7, and paralogues)", "difference": "IRFs are intracellular transcription factors that drive IFN-gene transcription; interferons are the secreted ligands. Separate by gene family, subcellular localisation, and whether the protein binds IFNAR/IFNGR/IFNLR." }, { "name": "Interferon-stimulated gene products (MxA/Mx1, OAS, PKR/EIF2AK2, ISG15)", "difference": "These are effectors induced by IFN signalling, not IFN itself. Separate by whether the analyte is the ligand (or its receptor) versus a downstream ISG protein or transcript." }, { "name": "Interleukin-10 family cytokines (IL-10, IL-22, IL-26)", "difference": "IFN-λ shares the IL-10Rβ chain but pairs it with IFNLR1 and induces an ISG programme; IL-10 uses IL-10Rα/IL-10Rβ and does not. Separate by receptor heterodimer occupancy and STAT1/ISGF3-dependent ISG induction." }, { "name": "Other inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF)", "difference": "They can mimic fever and acute-phase effects of IFN therapy but do not signal through IFNAR/IFNGR/IFNLR. Separate by receptor usage and a canonical ISG signature (e.g. MX1, IFIT1, RSAD2)." }, { "name": "Type I versus type II versus type III interferon", "difference": "Not different substances in the loose sense, but routinely confused in lab orders and papers. Separate by ligand identity plus receptor: IFNAR1/2 (type I; historically acid-stable), IFNGR1/2 (type II; historically acid-labile), IFNLR1/IL10RB (type III; epithelial-biased)." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of interferon this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend interferon to cover all species and engineered derivatives, or a narrower set of materials?", "Which authoritative nomenclature and sequence references should resolve interferon subtype names and historical aliases across species?", "Which potency standards and assay-comparability rules are applicable to each included interferon subtype and molecular form?", "What preparation-specific stability evidence and acceptance criteria should govern storage excursions, reconstitution and freeze-thaw exposure?", "Where should the catalogue place the ownership boundary between an interferon protein, a modified interferon conjugate and a finished medicinal product?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a interferon, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to identify an interferon material, assess its integrity and context-dependent biological activity, and determine which handling, measurement or use actions are justified.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: interferon type I, interferon type III, interferon-alpha.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a interferon, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "interferon type I", "interferon type III", "interferon-alpha" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one interferon from another, and a interferon from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a interferon sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a interferon from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a interferon is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a interferon is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a interferon is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a interferon is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a interferon is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a interferon is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a interferon passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a interferon between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a interferon, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a interferon is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a interferon and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a interferon is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a interferon performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a interferon.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a interferon at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a interferon there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What interferon is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name interferon unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of interferon exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How interferon behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of interferon, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is interferon incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How interferon can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is interferon classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover interferon, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a interferon came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a interferon and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a interferon is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a interferon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a interferon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a interferon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }