{ "model": { "rank": 5453, "code": "thing-q188419", "model_id": "vr.tr.life-expectancy", "name": "life expectancy", "purpose": "Let an agent handle life expectancy by definition, population, period, source and interpretation, neutrally and without predictions for individuals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QTY", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q188419/", "tier": 2, "score": 67, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "LGBT life expectancy", "Longevity in Okinawa", "life expectancy at birth", "Healthy Life Years", "quality-adjusted life year" ], "aliasCount": 5, "merged": 5, "knownIn": 67, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q188419", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188419", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T09:00:23Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q188419", "registryId": "vr.tr.life-expectancy", "name": "life expectancy", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QTY" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q188419/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.life-expectancy", "name": "life expectancy", "purpose": "Let an agent handle life expectancy by definition, population, period, source and interpretation, neutrally and without predictions for individuals.", "definition": "A statistical measure of the average time a person is expected to live, most often life expectancy at birth, calculated from age-specific mortality rates; related measures include healthy life years and quality-adjusted life years.", "what_it_is_for": "Measuring population health and comparing places and times.", "affordances": [ "cite official life expectancy figures", "distinguish period and cohort measures", "compare across groups with care", "explain healthy life expectancy" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Statistical average", "Based on mortality rates", "Not a prediction for an individual", "Varies by sex, place and group" ], "appearance": "Numbers in years in official statistics.", "visual_identification": [ "Life expectancy at birth or at a given age", "Healthy life years and HALE", "Period versus cohort" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "life expectancy at birth", "life expectancy at older ages", "healthy life expectancy", "cohort life expectancy", "quality-adjusted life years (related)" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "health indicator", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is computed from", "target": "mortality rate", "why": "input" }, { "relation": "is published by", "target": "statistical offices and WHO", "why": "sources" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "lifespan", "why": "concept" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "WHO Global Health Observatory methods", "National life table methods" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Treating averages as individual predictions", "Comparing different measures", "Insensitive framing of group differences" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Which measure.", "rationale": "Measures differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "measure", "name": "Measure", "description": "At birth or age.", "findings": [ { "id": "measure-finding", "name": "Measure", "description": "Measure.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which life expectancy measure is meant?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Period or cohort?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population", "name": "Population", "description": "Group.", "findings": [ { "id": "population-finding", "name": "Population", "description": "Population.", "questions": [ { "text": "For which population, place and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "By sex or other groups?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "data", "name": "Data", "description": "Values.", "rationale": "Figures need sources.", "layers": [ { "id": "value", "name": "Value", "description": "Years.", "findings": [ { "id": "value-finding", "name": "Value", "description": "Value.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the figure, from which official source?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "How uncertain is it?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "trends", "name": "Trends", "description": "Change.", "findings": [ { "id": "trends-finding", "name": "Trends", "description": "Trends.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has it changed over time?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What drove the change, according to research?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "interpretation", "name": "Interpretation", "description": "Meaning.", "rationale": "Averages mislead if misread.", "layers": [ { "id": "individual", "name": "Individual", "description": "Not a prediction.", "findings": [ { "id": "individual-finding", "name": "Individual", "description": "Individual interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the user trying to predict one person lifespan from an average?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How should that be explained?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "healthy", "name": "Healthy years", "description": "HALE.", "findings": [ { "id": "healthy-finding", "name": "Healthy", "description": "Healthy life expectancy.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many of those years are lived in good health?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "How is that measured?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "equity", "name": "Equity", "description": "Differences.", "rationale": "Differences need careful framing.", "layers": [ { "id": "gaps", "name": "Gaps", "description": "Between groups.", "findings": [ { "id": "gaps-finding", "name": "Gaps", "description": "Gaps.", "questions": [ { "text": "What gaps exist between groups, according to official data?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What explains them?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "framing", "name": "Framing", "description": "Respect.", "findings": [ { "id": "framing-finding", "name": "Framing", "description": "Respectful framing.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the framing respectful and non-stigmatising?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Is context given?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should life expectancy measures be separate entries?", "How should sources be linked and dated?", "How should group differences be presented?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "unit, quantity or measure", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a life expectancy, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle life expectancy by definition, population, period, source and interpretation, neutrally and without predictions for individuals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: LGBT life expectancy, Longevity in Okinawa, life expectancy at birth, Healthy Life Years, quality-adjusted life year.", "5 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a life expectancy, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see: a unit is a convention. What is seen is an instrument reading in it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "LGBT life expectancy", "Longevity in Okinawa", "life expectancy at birth", "Healthy Life Years", "quality-adjusted life year" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 5 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one life expectancy from another, and a life expectancy from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a life expectancy sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a life expectancy from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a life expectancy passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a life expectancy between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a life expectancy, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a life expectancy is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definition-and-realisation", "name": "Definition, dimension and realisation", "description": "What life expectancy is defined as and how it is realised in practice.", "rationale": "A unit is not the quantity it measures, and its definition has a history that older data still depends on.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition and dimension", "description": "The defining relation and the quantity it measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-record", "name": "Definition, body and date", "description": "What defines it now, and what defined it before.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-record-q01", "text": "How is life expectancy defined, by which body, and since when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-record-q02", "text": "What was the previous definition, and what data still depends on it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conversion", "name": "Conversion and compatibility", "description": "Relations to other units, exact or approximate.", "findings": [ { "id": "conversion-record", "name": "Conversions and their exactness", "description": "Factors, and whether each is exact by definition.", "questions": [ { "id": "conversion-record-q01", "text": "What conversions relate life expectancy to other units, and which are exact by definition?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "conversion-record-q02", "text": "Where does rounding a conversion change a decision, and how should that be recorded?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a life expectancy came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a life expectancy and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a life expectancy is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a life expectancy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a life expectancy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a life expectancy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 10, "questions": 28 } } } }