{ "model": { "rank": 5009, "code": "thing-q188543", "model_id": "vr.tr.ammonium-chloride", "name": "ammonium chloride", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify ammonium chloride, assess the condition and suitability of a specific grade or lot, and determine which handling and use decisions require supporting evidence.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q188543/", "tier": 2, "score": 70, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "ammonium 15N chloride" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 70, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.ammonium-chloride", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q188543", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188543", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:27:58Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 22.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08811-1e66-7be2-a468-526172244f85\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: ammonium chloride\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 10", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 60.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08811-1e59-7581-90e5-cb6cc8057afc\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: ammonium chloride\nRegistry id: vr.tr.ammonium-chloride\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entr" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q188543", "registryId": "vr.tr.ammonium-chloride", "name": "ammonium chloride", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q188543/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ammonium-chloride", "name": "ammonium chloride", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify ammonium chloride, assess the condition and suitability of a specific grade or lot, and determine which handling and use decisions require supporting evidence.", "definition": "Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is an inorganic salt composed of ammonium cations and chloride anions, normally a white crystalline solid that dissolves readily in water to form a mildly acidic solution.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the identity, composition, physical state, aqueous and thermal behaviour, grade-dependent suitability, and handling constraints of ammonium chloride under registry entry vr.tr.ammonium-chloride in PHY / PHY.MAT.", "in_scope": [ "Chemical identity as the salt NH4Cl and its distinction from related ammonium salts and chlorine-containing substances", "Solid material and explicitly identified aqueous ammonium chloride preparations", "Assay, impurities, moisture, particle form, grade and lot provenance", "Physical properties and chemical behaviour under stated conditions", "Evidence supporting application suitability, hazard classification and exposure controls" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Industrial processes and equipment that manufacture ammonium chloride", "Complete formulations of batteries, fluxes, fertilizers, foods or medicines containing it", "Clinical diagnosis, prescribing and patient-specific treatment", "Agricultural nutrient plans and soil management", "Independent models of ammonia, hydrochloric acid, other ammonium salts or mineral deposits" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identity requires ammonium and chloride as the constituent ions in the NH4Cl composition; detecting either ion alone does not establish ammonium chloride.", "Distinguish ammonium chloride from sodium chloride by cation identity, rather than white appearance or chloride content.", "Distinguish ammonium chloride from ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate by anion identity.", "Distinguish NH4Cl from chloramines and quaternary ammonium chlorides by formula and bonding or ion identity; similar names do not imply interchangeable substances.", "Distinguish the substance from an aqueous preparation or formulated product by recording concentration, other constituents and the basis of any reported assay." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Substance identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "NH4Cl; verified preferred name, synonyms, CAS number, PubChem CID and EC number", "why_it_matters": "Connects records to the correct substance and prevents confusion with similarly named chemicals." }, { "name": "Grade and specification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Supplier-declared grade; named specification or standard with edition", "why_it_matters": "Suitability depends on documented requirements rather than the substance name alone." }, { "name": "Assay and impurity profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass % NH4Cl with as-received or dry basis; individual impurities in mg/kg or specified units", "why_it_matters": "Separates nominal identity from the composition of the material actually available." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass % water with test method; distinguish from loss on drying", "why_it_matters": "Water affects dosing, storage behaviour and interpretation of purity measurements." }, { "name": "Physical form and condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Crystalline solid, powder or aqueous preparation; free-flowing, caked, contaminated or otherwise observed", "why_it_matters": "Determines sampling, transfer and handling requirements." }, { "name": "Particle size", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "µm or sieve fraction, with method and distribution", "why_it_matters": "Influences dust generation, dissolution and consistency of solid processing." }, { "name": "Solution concentration and pH", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass %, g/L or mol/L with basis; pH at specified concentration and temperature", "why_it_matters": "Makes aqueous behaviour and preparation suitability interpretable." }, { "name": "Condition-dependent physical constants", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Solubility with temperature and concentration basis; density with material state; thermal events in °C at stated pressure", "why_it_matters": "Prevents values measured under different conditions from being treated as interchangeable." }, { "name": "Lot evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Supplier, lot identifier, certificate of analysis, safety data sheet and sampling records", "why_it_matters": "Links decisions to evidence about the specific material." }, { "name": "Hazard and exposure requirements", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Applicable classification, exposure limits, jurisdiction, material form, source and revision date", "why_it_matters": "Controls must match the preparation and relevant jurisdiction." } ], "affordances": [ "Reconcile labels and identifiers against the NH4Cl identity and flag ambiguous names.", "Compare a lot's assay, impurities and moisture against a named application specification.", "Calculate material quantities from verified assay or solution concentration using an explicit basis.", "Assess whether dissolution, heating or contact with other materials needs additional compatibility evidence.", "Select documented storage, transfer and exposure controls for the material's form and intended operation.", "Hold material for testing when identity, condition or grade evidence is insufficient." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-material-boundary", "name": "Identity and material boundary", "description": "Establish what is being identified as ammonium chloride and where that identity stops.", "rationale": "An NH4Cl substance record must remain distinct from similarly named chemicals and products containing the salt.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Anchor names and identifiers to the ammonium chloride composition.", "findings": [ { "id": "nh4cl-identity-evidence", "name": "NH4Cl identity evidence", "description": "Record the evidence connecting the material to NH4Cl, with identifiers verified against authoritative records.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified CAS number, PubChem CID and EC number identify this substance?", "kind": "definition", "id": "nh4cl-identity-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What documentation or analytical evidence establishes both ammonium and chloride identity?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "nh4cl-identity-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "substance-preparation-boundary", "name": "Substance and preparation boundary", "description": "Separate the substance from its solutions, natural occurrences and formulated products.", "findings": [ { "id": "recorded-material-basis", "name": "Recorded material basis", "description": "Make explicit whether observations concern solid ammonium chloride, a defined solution or a constituent within another material.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record describe solid NH4Cl, an aqueous preparation or NH4Cl within a multicomponent product?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "recorded-material-basis-q01" }, { "text": "If the name sal ammoniac appears, does it denote the chemical, a mineral specimen or a commercial preparation here?", "kind": "definition", "id": "recorded-material-basis-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-lot-composition", "name": "Grade and lot composition", "description": "Describe the actual material supplied, including purity claims and their evidence.", "rationale": "Two lots bearing the same substance name can differ in suitability because of impurities, water and specification requirements.", "layers": [ { "id": "assay-and-contaminants", "name": "Assay and contaminants", "description": "Capture quantitative composition without hiding the measurement basis.", "findings": [ { "id": "composition-evidence", "name": "Composition evidence", "description": "Record NH4Cl assay, water and relevant impurities with methods, units and reporting limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the NH4Cl assay, and is it reported on an as-received or dry basis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "composition-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which impurities and water measurements are required by the intended specification, and how were they measured?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "composition-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-traceability", "name": "Grade and traceability", "description": "Connect grade claims to a specific lot and acceptance standard.", "findings": [ { "id": "lot-specification-match", "name": "Lot specification match", "description": "Treat technical, reagent, food or pharmaceutical grade as claims requiring a named specification and lot evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which specification and edition support the declared grade of this lot?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "lot-specification-match-q01" }, { "text": "Do the certificate of analysis and any incoming tests support acceptance for the proposed application?", "kind": "action", "id": "lot-specification-match-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-and-aqueous-state", "name": "Physical and aqueous state", "description": "Represent the condition of solid material and the behaviour of defined aqueous preparations.", "rationale": "Particle form, water and solution conditions affect handling and use even when chemical identity is unchanged.", "layers": [ { "id": "solid-condition", "name": "Solid condition", "description": "Record particle characteristics and storage-related changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "powder-and-crystal-condition", "name": "Powder and crystal condition", "description": "Describe particle size, flow, caking and visible contamination without assuming appearance establishes purity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What particle-size distribution and physical form characterize this material?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "powder-and-crystal-condition-q01" }, { "text": "Have moisture exposure, caking or contamination changed its suitability for sampling or transfer?", "kind": "action", "id": "powder-and-crystal-condition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aqueous-properties", "name": "Aqueous properties", "description": "Associate solution measurements with concentration, temperature and preparation history.", "findings": [ { "id": "solution-property-basis", "name": "Solution property basis", "description": "Record concentration, solubility and pH with sufficient conditions to interpret or reproduce them.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the concentration basis, preparation temperature and measured pH of the solution?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "solution-property-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Which solubility evidence supports the proposed concentration across preparation and storage temperatures?", "kind": "action", "id": "solution-property-basis-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "thermal-and-contact-behaviour", "name": "Thermal and contact behaviour", "description": "Describe behaviour during heating and contact with chemically relevant materials.", "rationale": "Ammonium chloride requires thermal interpretation and compatibility assessment beyond a simple melting-point field.", "layers": [ { "id": "thermal-events", "name": "Thermal events", "description": "Distinguish reported phase changes from dissociation, decomposition and associated gas release.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualified-thermal-data", "name": "Qualified thermal data", "description": "Require each thermal value to identify its event, pressure and experimental context rather than assigning an unsupported ordinary boiling point.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does each reported temperature describe melting, sublimation, dissociation or decomposition, and at what pressure?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "qualified-thermal-data-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes ammonia and hydrogen chloride release under the proposed heating conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "qualified-thermal-data-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "chemical-and-equipment-contact", "name": "Chemical and equipment contact", "description": "Assess contacts involving alkaline materials and chloride-containing solutions.", "findings": [ { "id": "contact-specific-compatibility", "name": "Contact-specific compatibility", "description": "Evaluate possible ammonia liberation and equipment compatibility using actual concentration, temperature and contact conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Could the proposed contact with an alkaline material liberate ammonia under the operating conditions?", "kind": "action", "id": "contact-specific-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What compatibility evidence supports the selected vessel, transfer equipment and seals for this ammonium chloride preparation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contact-specific-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-handling-decisions", "name": "Use and handling decisions", "description": "Connect material evidence to intended-use acceptance and operational controls.", "rationale": "A recognized substance is not automatically suitable for every use, preparation or exposure setting.", "layers": [ { "id": "application-acceptance", "name": "Application acceptance", "description": "Identify the material requirements imposed by the proposed role.", "findings": [ { "id": "purpose-specific-release", "name": "Purpose-specific release", "description": "Assess the lot against documented requirements for its proposed role, such as a flux ingredient, electrolyte component or other specified use.", "questions": [ { "text": "What function will ammonium chloride serve, and which purity, moisture and particle requirements follow from that function?", "kind": "definition", "id": "purpose-specific-release-q01" }, { "text": "Which unmet requirements require testing or holding the lot before use?", "kind": "action", "id": "purpose-specific-release-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazards-and-exposure", "name": "Hazards and exposure", "description": "Attach current hazard and exposure evidence to the material and operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-specific-controls", "name": "Form-specific controls", "description": "Distinguish solid dust, aqueous contact and emissions from heating when choosing documented controls.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current safety data sheet and jurisdiction-specific GHS classification apply to this material or preparation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "form-specific-controls-q01" }, { "text": "Which applicable exposure limits distinguish ammonium chloride dust or fume from ammonia and hydrogen chloride?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "form-specific-controls-q02" }, { "text": "What ventilation, protective equipment and storage conditions are required for the intended operation?", "kind": "action", "id": "form-specific-controls-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled information; no sources were consulted.", "Verify temperature-dependent solubility and thermal behaviour before using these approximate values; the thermal value should not be treated as an ordinary melting or boiling point.", "Check current jurisdiction-specific hazard classifications, exposure limits and grade specifications; these are not established here." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Technical grade", "Reagent grade", "Pharmaceutical grade", "Food grade" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "12125-02-9", "note": "Identifies ammonium chloride." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "25517", "note": "Compound identifier for ammonium chloride." }, { "scheme": "EC number", "value_or_pattern": "235-186-4", "note": "European substance inventory identifier." }, { "scheme": "Chemical formula", "value_or_pattern": "NH4Cl", "note": "Formula unit of the ionic compound, rather than a discrete molecule in the crystal." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Electrolyte ingredient in zinc-carbon dry cells.", "Flux ingredient for soldering, tinning and galvanizing.", "Nitrogen source in some fertilizers.", "Ingredient in some salty liquorice and other food preparations, subject to applicable food rules.", "Laboratory reagent for preparing ammonium-containing solutions and buffers." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass", "typical_range": "53.49", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Solid density near room temperature", "typical_range": "approximately 1.53", "unit": "g/cm³" }, { "quantity": "Solubility in water at approximately 20 °C", "typical_range": "approximately 37", "unit": "g per 100 g water" }, { "quantity": "Commonly reported sublimation/decomposition temperature near atmospheric pressure", "typical_range": "approximately 338", "unit": "°C" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Dust can irritate the eyes and respiratory tract.", "Ingestion of sufficient quantities can be harmful and disturb acid-base balance.", "Heating releases ammonia and hydrogen chloride through thermal dissociation; vapours can recombine as ammonium chloride particles on cooling.", "Contact with strong bases releases ammonia gas.", "Moisture and chloride-containing solutions can promote corrosion of susceptible metals." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Permitted food uses and purity requirements depend on jurisdiction.", "Workplace exposure limits and their treatment of dust or fume depend on the issuing authority." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Ammonia", "difference": "Ammonia is NH3, a molecular substance and weak base; ammonium chloride is an ionic salt containing NH4+ and Cl−." }, { "name": "Sodium chloride", "difference": "Contains sodium rather than ammonium cations and does not release ammonia when treated with a strong base." }, { "name": "Ammonium nitrate", "difference": "Contains nitrate rather than chloride anions and has substantially different oxidizing and thermal hazards." }, { "name": "Sal ammoniac", "difference": "A traditional name for ammonium chloride and the name of its naturally occurring mineral; it does not denote a different chemical composition." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of ammonium chloride this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative identity records confirm the CAS number, PubChem CID, EC number and accepted synonym boundaries?", "Which reliable sources resolve the conditions and interpretation of reported melting, sublimation, dissociation and boiling-point entries?", "What verified solubility, density and solution-pH data cover the intended temperature and concentration range?", "Which grade specifications and impurity limits govern the intended application, and what evidence supports the actual lot?", "Which current hazard classifications, occupational exposure limits and compatibility requirements apply in the intended jurisdiction and operation?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a ammonium chloride, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify ammonium chloride, assess the condition and suitability of a specific grade or lot, and determine which handling and use decisions require supporting evidence.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: ammonium 15N chloride.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a ammonium chloride, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "ammonium 15N chloride" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one ammonium chloride from another, and a ammonium chloride from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a ammonium chloride sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a ammonium chloride from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a ammonium chloride is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a ammonium chloride is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a ammonium chloride is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a ammonium chloride is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a ammonium chloride is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a ammonium chloride is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a ammonium chloride passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a ammonium chloride between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a ammonium chloride, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a ammonium chloride is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a ammonium chloride and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a ammonium chloride is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a ammonium chloride performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a ammonium chloride.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a ammonium chloride at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a ammonium chloride there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What ammonium chloride is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name ammonium chloride unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of ammonium chloride exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How ammonium chloride behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of ammonium chloride, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is ammonium chloride incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How ammonium chloride can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is ammonium chloride classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover ammonium chloride, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a ammonium chloride came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a ammonium chloride and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a ammonium chloride is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a ammonium chloride, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a ammonium chloride, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a ammonium chloride is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }