envy
Enable an AI agent to recognise and assess reported or tentatively inferred envy, track its consequences, and identify responses that respect the people involved.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
6 bundles · 11 layers · 18 findings · 28 questions
Comparison and advantage Establishes the particular comparative situation around which the possible envy is organised.
Target and advantage
Identifies whose perceived advantage matters and what that advantage consists of.
Attributed advantage
Records the comparison target and the particular possession, position, experience, or quality attributed to them.
- Whose advantage is salient, and what exactly is the person believed to have? definition
- What information supports this attributed advantage, and which parts remain assumed or selectively presented? provenance
Self-relevant gap
Connects the target's advantage to the person's own wants and perceived position.
Meaning of disadvantage
Records what the comparison appears to imply about the person's opportunities, standing, or valued identity.
- What does the person believe they lack relative to the target, and why does that difference matter to them? definition
- Would the desired thing remain important if the person had never learned that this target possessed it? boundary
Experience and identification Records the felt comparison and the evidence for describing it as envy.
Reported experience
Captures the person's account of what they feel when the advantage becomes salient.
Felt comparative distress
Records discomfort associated with the comparison, including the person's own emotional vocabulary.
- How does the person describe their experience when attending to the target's advantage? definition
- How intense is that experience now, using the person's chosen scale and anchors? measurement
Interpretive boundaries
Tests the envy interpretation against nearby experiences and evidential limits.
Basis for envy attribution
Records who proposed the label, whether the person accepts it, and competing interpretations.
- Is envy the person's own description, another person's attribution, or an agent's tentative interpretation? provenance
- What supports envy rather than, or alongside, admiration, longing, jealousy, resentment, or disappointment? boundary
Appraisals and desired resolution Separates interpretations of the comparative gap from wishes about how it should change.
Interpretation of the gap
Records perceived attainability and fairness without treating either appraisal as verified.
Attainability and deservingness
Captures whether the person believes a similar advantage is available to them and whether they regard the target's advantage as deserved.
- Does the person believe they could obtain a similar advantage, and what obstacles or opportunities inform that belief? definition
- Which fairness concerns concern an identifiable wrong, and which concern the difference in outcomes itself? boundary
Wishes about the advantage
Distinguishes self-directed aspirations, target-directed wishes, and a wish to leave the comparison.
Preferred change
Records the change the person wants without equating a wish with a plan or action.
- Would relief come from gaining something similar, the target losing it, receiving recognition, or no longer using this comparison? definition
- Which wishes, if any, have become intentions or concrete plans? action
Triggers and course Tracks when the comparison becomes salient and how the associated experience develops.
Comparison activation
Identifies encounters, messages, or recollections associated with the onset or return of envy.
Salience trigger
Records what brought the target's advantage to attention and the surrounding context.
- What encounter, announcement, image, or recollection made this advantage salient? provenance
- How often does exposure to this target or advantage coincide with a renewed painful comparison? measurement
Persistence and change
Tracks duration, recurring attention, and changes in the significance of the gap.
Episode trajectory
Records whether the experience is easing, recurring, or persisting and what reportedly changed alongside it.
- How long does the experience last, and how frequently does attention return to this comparison? measurement
- When envy eased or intensified, what changed in the perceived gap, exposure to the target, or importance of the advantage? provenance
Responses and consequences Connects the experience to actual conduct, feasible responses, and observed outcomes.
Enacted response
Records behaviour following the comparison and limits claims about its motivation.
Conduct and attributed motive
Distinguishes observed pursuit, avoidance, disparagement, support, or interference from assumptions about why they occurred.
- What did the person actually do after the comparison, as distinct from what they felt or imagined doing? provenance
- What evidence connects that conduct to envy, and what other motives or circumstances could explain it? boundary
Response selection and review
Supports choosing and reviewing responses against the person's goals and effects on others.
Feasible response and outcome
Records an agreed response and whether it changes distress, comparative preoccupation, or relevant behaviour.
- Which feasible response fits the person's underlying goal: pursuing the advantage, changing the comparison standard, adjusting exposure, or discussing an unmet need? action
- After the response, what changed in comparative distress, attention to the target, progress toward the goal, and effects on others? measurement
Evidence and external alignment What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.
Reported evidence
Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.
Kinds and varieties
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Identifiers and schemes
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Standards and regulation
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Real-world use
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Typical measurements
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Failure modes and hazards
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Regional variation
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart
Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.
- Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of envy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Activities and processes
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- ACT
- Domain
- ACT.ACT
- Other names and narrower kinds
- envy in Islam, envy of the gods, womb envy, penis envy
What it is Filled
Envy is a resentful, comparison-based social emotion in which a person lacks another's perceived superior quality, achievement or possession, experiences that difference as a painful personal disadvantage, and wishes that the other person lacked the advantage.
In scope
- The person experiencing envy, the comparison target, and the specific advantage attributed to that target.
- The personally meaningful gap between the person's perceived position and the target's perceived position.
- Reported feelings, appraisals, wishes, and action tendencies associated with the comparison.
- Episode intensity, recurrence, triggers, and changes in the comparison over time.
- Responses to envy and their observed effects on the person, the target, and their relationship.
Out of scope
- Jealousy centred on a perceived threat to an existing valued relationship.
- General self-worth, mood, or mental health conditions beyond the particular comparison.
- The actual distribution of resources, status, or opportunities and its institutional fairness.
- The comparison target's identity, possessions, achievements, or conduct as independent subjects.
- Harassment, sabotage, discrimination, or other conduct requiring its own action and accountability model.
Why it exists Filled
Enable an AI agent to recognise and assess reported or tentatively inferred envy, track its consequences, and identify responses that respect the people involved.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Identify a particular advantage attributed to another and a self-relevant comparison; wanting something without that comparison is insufficient to classify it as envy.
- Check whether the central concern is another's advantage or the possible loss of an existing relationship to a rival; the latter points toward jealousy, although both may coexist.
- Distinguish appreciation of another's achievement from a painful sense of comparative disadvantage; admiration alone does not establish envy.
- Check whether the grievance concerns a perceived wrong, the comparative gap, or both; a fairness objection alone does not establish envy.
- Require evidence of a wish that the target lacked the perceived advantage for envy in this sense, while distinguishing that wish from any intention or action to deprive the target.
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Stoke envy to sell products or drive engagement.
- Diagnose a person's emotions or character.
- Encourage acting on envy to harm others.
- Attribute envy to a named person without evidence.
Only with a human decision
- Contacting support services where envy leads to threats against someone.
May
- Explain envy and how it differs from jealousy, with sourced psychology.
- Respond to someone describing envy with understanding.
Moral aspects Filled
- Envy can poison relationships and lead to harm.
- Advertising and social media can exploit envy.
Who is affected
- People who feel envy
- Targets of envy
- Young people online
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody: an emotion of each person.
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q141119024 - registry parent class
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.envy
- Wikidata: Q188739 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188739)
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
- Attribution confidence: self-described envy | tentative interpretation | disputed interpretation | insufficient evidence
- Comparison configuration: Experiencing person → comparison target → attributed advantage
- Advantage domain: Resources | achievement | recognition | appearance | relationships | opportunity | other specified domain
- Perceived comparative gap: Person's description; optional ordinal rating from negligible to very large, with scale recorded
- Experienced intensity: Optional self-rating from 0 to 10, with anchors and observation time recorded
- Desired resolution: Gain a similar advantage | reduce the target's advantage | change the comparison | withdraw | mixed | unclear
- Perceived attainability: Attainable | partly attainable | unattainable | uncertain, according to the person
- Episode course: Active | easing | recurring | reportedly resolved | unknown
- Behavioural expression: No action reported | constructive pursuit | avoidance | target-directed harm | other | unknown; multiple values allowed
Plane ACT: no invented physical properties.
Recognition not applicable Not applicable
Not applicable
Envy is an internal emotional state that cannot be reliably identified from appearance or behavior alone.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- Elicit the specific comparison and its personal significance without imposing the label of envy.
- Separate perceived advantages, verified circumstances, emotional interpretations, and observed actions.
- Track which encounters or representations of the target intensify or ease the comparison.
- Explore whether the person wants a similar outcome, recognition, relief from comparison, or a change in the target's position.
- Help formulate feasible, consensual responses such as pursuing a valued goal, reducing comparison exposure, or preparing a conversation.
- Identify expressed harmful intentions or actions for separate assessment without treating envy itself as proof of danger.
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Resentment leading to sabotage or aggression.
- Distress from constant social comparison.
Standards and interfaces not applicable Not applicable
Not applicable
No specific standard, law or official classification applies to envy as an ordinary emotion in the stated sense.
Context of use required Filled
- Envy occurs in social comparisons involving valued advantages such as achievement, possessions, relationships or status.
- The concept is used in psychology, interpersonal reflection and conflict analysis to explore reported feelings and their possible consequences.
Sources Filled
- Comprehending Envy - Specialist definition of envy as pain at another's good fortune; review of antecedents, hostile and depressive consequences, and distinction from related affects.
- Distinguishing the Experiences of Envy and Jealousy - Empirical separation of envy (two-party, advantage-focused) from jealousy (three-party, relationship-threat-focused).
- Leveling Up and Down: The Experiences of Benign and Malicious Envy - The benign versus malicious envy distinction used in contemporary social psychology.
- Dispositional Envy Revisited: Unraveling the Motivational Dynamics of Benign and Malicious Envy - Trait measurement via the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS) and the motivational split between leveling-up and leveling-down.
- The Philosophy of Envy - Four-kind philosophical taxonomy (emulative, inert, aggressive, spiteful) and the claim that some envy can be morally and motivationally productive.
- Rhetoric, Book II (on phthonos and zēlos) - Classical neighbour-test: envy (phthonos) as pain at a peer's deserved good versus emulation (zēlos) as painless striving to match it.
- Catechism of the Catholic Church, nn. 2538-2540 (tenth commandment; envy as a capital sin) - Canonical/theological kind (invidia) and the moral-theological framing still used in pastoral practice.
- Wikidata item Q188739: envy - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Envy - general description of the item
Open questions
- What minimum evidence should justify a tentative envy attribution when the person has not described their own experience?
- Should constructive and hostile orientations be represented as subtypes of envy, dimensions within an episode, or consequences that can change independently?
- How should the model distinguish envy of an individual from envy directed at a group, imagined counterpart, or selectively presented online persona?
- Which measures of intensity, recurrence, and comparative preoccupation are suitable across languages and cultural contexts?
- How should mixed cases involving envy, a substantiated injustice, and relationship jealousy be linked across neighbouring models without allowing one interpretation to erase the others?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q188739/spec.json