{ "model": { "rank": 5562, "code": "thing-q188867", "model_id": "vr.tr.futures-studies", "name": "futures studies", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise futures studies, assess the basis and limits of its inquiries, and determine how their outputs may inform present choices.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q188867/", "tier": 2, "score": 66, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "transhumanism", "transhumanism in fiction", "singularitarianism", "democratic transhumanism", "libertarian transhumanism", "conjoiner", "effective accelerationism" ], "aliasCount": 7, "merged": 7, "knownIn": 66, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q188867", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188867", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:39:06Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08852-31ce-77a1-9b83-a396328af6bd\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: futures studies\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 188 things:\n# Batch 006: 1001 ", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 63.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08852-31df-7d40-97d6-23cfbd078087\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: futures studies\nRegistry id: vr.tr.futures-studies\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q188867", "registryId": "vr.tr.futures-studies", "name": "futures studies", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q188867/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.futures-studies", "name": "futures studies", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise futures studies, assess the basis and limits of its inquiries, and determine how their outputs may inform present choices.", "definition": "Futures studies is an interdisciplinary field that systematically explores possible, plausible, probable and preferable futures, examining change, uncertainty and assumptions to inform present understanding and action.", "scope_statement": "This model owns futures studies as a field of systematic inquiry into alternative futures and the assumptions, methods, values and institutions through which those futures are explored; it distinguishes the field from individual studies, practitioners and resulting decisions.", "in_scope": [ "Subject matter, including possible, plausible, probable and preferable futures under explicitly stated meanings", "Methods for exploring change, continuity, uncertainty and alternative futures", "Standards for assessing future-oriented claims without treating imagined futures as observed facts", "Treatment of participation, values, power and whose futures are represented", "Institutional recognition and boundaries with neighbouring fields", "Conditions under which futures inquiry can inform present action" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Financial futures contracts and their trading", "Individual practitioners, professional biographies and credentials", "Individual publications and their bibliographic records", "Operational management of particular foresight projects", "General-purpose statistical forecasting methods outside their use in futures inquiry", "Ownership and execution of policies, strategies or investments informed by futures work" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The inquiry explicitly examines assumptions about futures and their implications, rather than merely describing a future setting.", "Alternative outcomes and uncertainty remain inspectable; a single forecast alone does not establish that an activity constitutes futures studies.", "Descriptions of what could happen are distinguishable from judgments about what should happen and proposals for achieving it.", "Its field-level identity rests on a stated intellectual or institutional convention, rather than on the presence of the word 'future' in an activity's title.", "Scenarios, visions and other representations have an explicit exploratory or analytical role; their narrative detail is not treated as evidence that events will occur." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Field boundary convention", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Named scholarly, professional or institutional definition; contested; unspecified", "why_it_matters": "Allows recognition without assuming that futures studies, foresight and forecasting have universally agreed boundaries." }, { "name": "Future orientation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Possible; plausible; probable; preferable; combinations with locally defined meanings", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether an inquiry concerns feasibility, credibility, likelihood or desirability." }, { "name": "Temporal reach", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Years from a stated reference date, or an explicitly event-defined horizon", "why_it_matters": "Makes temporal claims comparable without assigning the entire field a fixed time horizon." }, { "name": "Method repertoire", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "For example: horizon scanning; scenarios; Delphi; modelling; backcasting; participatory or critical approaches; declared combinations", "why_it_matters": "Reveals how future representations are constructed and which kinds of inference they support." }, { "name": "Uncertainty treatment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Quantified uncertainty; alternative assumptions; qualitative uncertainty; acknowledged ignorance; unspecified", "why_it_matters": "Prevents unsupported probabilities and makes limits to knowledge visible." }, { "name": "Normative position", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Values explicit; values partly explicit; values contested; values unexamined", "why_it_matters": "Exposes the commitments behind descriptions of desirable or undesirable futures." }, { "name": "Institutional anchoring", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Evidence-backed links to relevant societies, journals, programmes, handbooks and classification entries", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification of the field while keeping institutions and publications as separate entities." }, { "name": "Decision relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Exploratory understanding; agenda setting; option generation; robustness assessment; pathway design; no declared application", "why_it_matters": "Clarifies what an output may support and avoids equating futures inquiry with a mandate to act." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify an inquiry against a named definition of futures studies and explain uncertain boundary cases.", "Match an inquiry's purpose and uncertainty conditions to suitable method families.", "Trace future-oriented claims to evidence, assumptions, judgments and value commitments.", "Compare alternative futures without silently converting plausibility or preference into probability.", "Identify missing perspectives, challenged assumptions and unsupported uses of outputs.", "Assess whether findings can inform a stated decision and specify conditions for revisiting them." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "field-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Field identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes what counts as futures studies under a stated convention.", "rationale": "Future-oriented subject matter alone cannot distinguish this field from forecasting, planning or speculative storytelling.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject-and-orientation", "name": "Subject and orientation", "description": "Identifies the forms of futurity and inquiry that the field encompasses.", "findings": [ { "id": "alternative-futures-as-subject", "name": "Alternative futures as subject", "description": "Record how a field definition treats alternative futures, anticipation and their relationship to present understanding.", "questions": [ { "text": "What definition establishes the subject matter of futures studies, and whose convention does it express?", "kind": "definition", "id": "alternative-futures-as-subject-q01" }, { "text": "How does that definition distinguish possible, plausible, probable and preferable futures?", "kind": "definition", "id": "alternative-futures-as-subject-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-field-boundaries", "name": "Neighbouring field boundaries", "description": "Makes overlap with foresight, forecasting, planning and speculative practices explicit.", "findings": [ { "id": "overlap-without-equivalence", "name": "Overlap without assumed equivalence", "description": "Record whether neighbouring terms denote synonyms, applications, methods or distinct fields under the selected convention.", "questions": [ { "text": "Under the selected convention, how does futures studies relate to strategic foresight and forecasting?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "overlap-without-equivalence-q01" }, { "text": "What additional inquiry or scrutiny makes a plan, prediction or speculative narrative relevant to futures studies?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "overlap-without-equivalence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inquiry-design-and-methods", "name": "Inquiry design and methods", "description": "Connects future-oriented questions to temporal framing and method choices.", "rationale": "An agent must assess how futures are explored rather than identify the field through a list of techniques.", "layers": [ { "id": "temporal-and-system-framing", "name": "Temporal and system framing", "description": "Examines how horizons, system boundaries and assumptions about change shape inquiry.", "findings": [ { "id": "horizon-and-change-assumptions", "name": "Horizon and change assumptions", "description": "Record principles for choosing horizons and considering continuity, disruption and interactions across scales.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should an inquiry justify its reference date and horizon relative to the processes it examines?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "horizon-and-change-assumptions-q01" }, { "text": "Which system boundaries or assumptions about continuity could exclude consequential changes?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "horizon-and-change-assumptions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method-selection-and-combination", "name": "Method selection and combination", "description": "Assesses what particular methods contribute and how combinations are justified.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-purpose-fit", "name": "Method-purpose fit", "description": "Distinguish methods for detecting change, eliciting judgments, constructing alternatives and working backward from desired conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What question can each selected method address, and what assumptions does its use require?", "kind": "definition", "id": "method-purpose-fit-q01" }, { "text": "When combining scanning, expert elicitation, scenarios, modelling or backcasting, how should their outputs constrain or inform one another?", "kind": "action", "id": "method-purpose-fit-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-epistemic-quality", "name": "Evidence and epistemic quality", "description": "Separates evidence about the present and past from assertions about futures.", "rationale": "Future outcomes cannot generally be checked at the time of inquiry, so agents need explicit standards for warrant, uncertainty and later evaluation.", "layers": [ { "id": "claim-warrant-and-uncertainty", "name": "Claim warrant and uncertainty", "description": "Tracks how observations, interpretations and assumptions support future representations.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-to-future-traceability", "name": "Evidence-to-future traceability", "description": "Require a visible account of the steps connecting source material to projections, scenarios or other claims.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which parts of a future-oriented claim derive from observations, extrapolation, expert judgment or deliberately introduced assumptions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "evidence-to-future-traceability-q01" }, { "text": "What warrants any probability or confidence statement, and where is uncertainty left unquantified?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "evidence-to-future-traceability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "evaluation-and-revision", "name": "Evaluation and revision", "description": "Distinguishes standards appropriate to forecasts, exploratory scenarios and normative visions.", "findings": [ { "id": "output-specific-quality", "name": "Output-specific quality", "description": "Record evaluation criteria suited to an output's declared purpose and conditions for updating it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which criteria assess this output's quality, and why are they appropriate to its predictive, exploratory or normative purpose?", "kind": "definition", "id": "output-specific-quality-q01" }, { "text": "What new evidence, failed assumption or elapsed horizon should trigger revision or retirement?", "kind": "action", "id": "output-specific-quality-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "values-participation-and-power", "name": "Values, participation and power", "description": "Examines who defines futures, judges their desirability and influences their use.", "rationale": "An apparently shared future can conceal conflicting interests, unequal participation and unstated value judgments.", "layers": [ { "id": "desirability-and-contestation", "name": "Desirability and contestation", "description": "Makes the standpoint behind preferred futures inspectable.", "findings": [ { "id": "situated-preferences", "name": "Situated preferences", "description": "Record whose values establish desirability and how disagreements remain visible.", "questions": [ { "text": "Whose values and interests define a future as preferable, and how were those commitments established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "situated-preferences-q01" }, { "text": "How are disagreements over desirable futures preserved rather than presented as consensus?", "kind": "action", "id": "situated-preferences-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "participation-and-representation", "name": "Participation and representation", "description": "Assesses inclusion, influence and the treatment of absent perspectives.", "findings": [ { "id": "voice-and-agenda-control", "name": "Voice and agenda control", "description": "Distinguish being consulted from having influence over framing, interpretation and selection of futures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who can set the agenda, challenge assumptions and influence the futures retained for consideration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "voice-and-agenda-control-q01" }, { "text": "How are excluded communities, future generations and nonhuman interests represented, and what limits are acknowledged?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "voice-and-agenda-control-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutional-standing-and-use", "name": "Institutional standing and use", "description": "Connects field recognition to documented institutions and bounded uses of futures knowledge.", "rationale": "Agents need evidence that identifies the field and a separate basis for deciding what its outputs permit.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutional-and-classification-evidence", "name": "Institutional and classification evidence", "description": "Locates evidence of field identity without treating a single institution or taxonomy as decisive.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-field-recognition", "name": "Documented field recognition", "description": "Record relevant societies, journals, educational programmes, defining works and classification placements with their dates and scope.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified societies, journals, programmes or defining works explicitly identify their remit with futures studies?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "documented-field-recognition-q01" }, { "text": "Which classification schemes place the field, under what labels and editions, and how do those placements differ?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "documented-field-recognition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "translation-into-present-action", "name": "Translation into present action", "description": "Specifies how futures inquiry informs choices while retaining its assumptions and limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "decision-use-and-monitoring", "name": "Decision use and monitoring", "description": "Record conditions for using alternatives to explore options, assess robustness or develop pathways, including signals for reassessment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What present decision can the inquiry inform, and which conclusions would exceed the support its methods provide?", "kind": "action", "id": "decision-use-and-monitoring-q01" }, { "text": "Which observable developments would justify reconsidering an option or pathway informed by the inquiry?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "decision-use-and-monitoring-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The listed kinds are overlapping traditions and orientations, not a universally accepted classification.", "Institutional markers include the World Futures Studies Federation, the Association of Professional Futurists and the journals Futures and Journal of Futures Studies.", "Check the relevant DDC edition and local cataloguing practice before assigning 303.49 to a particular work." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Exploratory futures studies", "Normative futures studies", "Critical futures studies", "Participatory futures studies", "Integral futures studies", "Applied foresight" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC)", "value_or_pattern": "303.49", "note": "Social forecasting; a library classification used for futures studies literature, not an exclusive identifier for the field." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Developing and testing public policy against alternative future conditions", "Informing organisational strategy and long-term investment decisions", "Exploring emerging technologies and their social implications", "Supporting participatory discussion of desirable futures", "Identifying emerging risks, opportunities and assumptions through horizon scanning" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Presenting scenarios as predictions or assigning probabilities without a defensible basis", "Extrapolating current trends while overlooking discontinuities and structural change", "Allowing sponsor preferences or dominant worldviews to determine which futures receive attention", "Excluding affected communities and overlooking unequal consequences", "Producing compelling narratives without connecting them to decisions or monitoring evidence" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Francophone traditions often use the term prospective, with an emphasis on anticipation linked to action.", "Terminology varies across institutions and countries: futures studies, foresight and strategic foresight overlap without having universally agreed boundaries." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Forecasting", "difference": "Forecasting estimates future outcomes using specified evidence and assumptions; futures studies also investigates alternatives, values and futures that cannot be assigned reliable probabilities." }, { "name": "Strategic planning", "difference": "Strategic planning establishes objectives and courses of action; futures studies examines the alternative contexts and assumptions against which those choices can be assessed." }, { "name": "Foresight", "difference": "Foresight commonly denotes organised anticipatory practice, while futures studies also includes scholarship about futures and anticipation; usage overlaps." }, { "name": "Science fiction", "difference": "Science fiction is a creative literary and media practice; futures studies makes its inquiry methods and assumptions explicit, although it may use fictional narratives." }, { "name": "Technology assessment", "difference": "Technology assessment focuses on technologies and their consequences; futures studies can address any domain of societal or environmental change." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of futures studies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative definitions should anchor this registry entry, and how do they handle the relationship between futures studies and foresight?", "Which classification codes and institutional markers can be verified directly, including their editions, dates and geographic scope?", "Which quality criteria have documented support across different methodological traditions, and which remain disputed?", "How should the model represent culturally distinct approaches to time and anticipation without imposing one tradition's categories?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept, requiring the registry entry to link to it rather than receive a separate publication?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a futures studies, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise futures studies, assess the basis and limits of its inquiries, and determine how their outputs may inform present choices.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: transhumanism, transhumanism in fiction, singularitarianism, democratic transhumanism, libertarian transhumanism, conjoiner, effective accelerationism.", "7 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a futures studies, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "transhumanism", "transhumanism in fiction", "singularitarianism", "democratic transhumanism", "libertarian transhumanism", "conjoiner", "effective accelerationism" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 7 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one futures studies from another, and a futures studies from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a futures studies sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a futures studies from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a futures studies passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a futures studies between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a futures studies, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a futures studies is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a futures studies proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a futures studies, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a futures studies and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a futures studies consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a futures studies takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What futures studies studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does futures studies take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does futures studies establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where futures studies is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark futures studies as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place futures studies, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a futures studies came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a futures studies and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a futures studies is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a futures studies, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a futures studies, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a futures studies is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }