{ "model": { "rank": 6014, "code": "thing-q188942", "model_id": "vr.tr.mullah", "name": "mullah", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a person identified as a mullah, assess the basis and limits of that identification, and determine which religious or community interactions are appropriate.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.PER", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q188942/", "tier": 2, "score": 63, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 63, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q188942", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188942", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T10:49:50Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00780232, "turns": 1, "seconds": 96.1, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 142, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b7a-effd-7391-9131-0a2f4d04baa2\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: mullah\nRegistry id: vr.tr.mullah\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy mod" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q188942", "registryId": "vr.tr.mullah", "name": "mullah", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.PER" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q188942/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.mullah", "name": "mullah", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a person identified as a mullah, assess the basis and limits of that identification, and determine which religious or community interactions are appropriate.", "definition": "A mullah is a Muslim religious scholar or cleric, typically trained in Islamic law and ritual, who teaches, leads prayer, and adjudicates community religious questions, especially in Persianate, South Asian, and Central Asian Sunni and Shia settings.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the contextual identification of a person as a mullah, the evidence for their recognised learning and roles, and the boundaries of their authority; it does not assume a universal qualification, office or set of powers.", "in_scope": [ "Use, meaning and acceptance of the title mullah in a specified community", "Religious learning and evidence supporting locally relevant qualifications", "Religious teaching, guidance and ritual duties actually undertaken", "Community recognition, institutional relationships and accountability", "Current availability, authorisation and limits for particular activities" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Islamic doctrines and jurisprudential systems as bodies of knowledge", "Mosques, seminaries and religious organisations as institutions", "Religious rulings, sermons and teaching materials as independent works", "Rituals and religious gatherings as events", "Political offices and governmental powers held by the same person", "Personal biography unrelated to the religious designation or role" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Establish that mullah is a religious designation applied to this person in a named context, rather than merely a surname, quotation or unsupported label.", "Record evidence for the designation separately from evidence of leading prayer; neither designation should be inferred solely from the other.", "Require separate evidence of any authority to issue religious rulings rather than treating the title as equivalent to mufti.", "Require separate evidence of judicial appointment rather than treating the title as equivalent to a religious judge.", "Distinguish the person's claimed or recognised standing from employment by a mosque or completion of a religious course; record how those facts support the designation locally." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Designation context", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Person linked to a title usage, language, locality, community, source and date", "why_it_matters": "Makes the identification interpretable without assuming the title has one meaning everywhere." }, { "name": "Designation acceptance", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Self-accepted, externally attributed, disputed, rejected, unknown; attributed to a source", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an external label from being presented as the person's own identity." }, { "name": "Religious affiliation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Explicitly reported tradition, school or community affiliation, with source; unspecified where unsupported", "why_it_matters": "Helps assess relevance to a request without inferring affiliation from appearance, name or location." }, { "name": "Learning evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Documented links to teachers, study programmes, credentials or community attestations, with verification status", "why_it_matters": "Separates evidence of learning from assumptions attached to the title." }, { "name": "Recognised activity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Teaching, prayer leadership, ritual service, religious guidance, mediation, other documented activity, unknown; multiple values permitted", "why_it_matters": "Describes what the person actually does without assigning every possible religious function." }, { "name": "Activity-specific authority", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Activity linked to recognising or appointing parties, audience, location, conditions and supporting evidence", "why_it_matters": "Allows an agent to assess whether a particular request falls within an evidenced remit." }, { "name": "Role status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Active, temporarily unavailable, retired, ended, disputed, unknown; per role and dated", "why_it_matters": "Separates continued use of a title from current capacity to perform a service." }, { "name": "Accountability route", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Documented supervisor, appointing body, community process or independent practice; unknown where unverified", "why_it_matters": "Identifies where role clarification or a concern can appropriately be directed." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a reference to a mullah into a contextual, evidenced person identification.", "Match a religious teaching or service request to documented activities, relevant tradition and current availability.", "Explain the evidence and limits of a person's recognised authority for a specified audience.", "Prepare an enquiry or referral using a verified contact route and the requester's permission.", "Flag unsupported equivalences between the title and scholarly, ritual, judicial or political powers.", "Update role status and preserve competing accounts of recognition with their sources and dates." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "britannica-mullah", "title": "Mullah", "url": "https://www.britannica.com/topic/mullah", "what_it_supports": "Core definition: Muslim title for a person educated in Islamic theology and sacred law; usage as preacher, teacher, and expounder of law.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "wikidata-q159780", "title": "mullah (Q159780)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159780", "what_it_supports": "Identifier, aliases (mollā, mulla, mullaḥ), instance-of religious occupation / Islamic cleric, language labels.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iranica-molla", "title": "MOLLĀ", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Persianate title history, relation to ʿālem and faqih, Iranian and Afghan usage, that mollā is a social-religious role not a fixed rank in the Shia hierarchy.", "url_status": "dead" }, { "id": "eoe-mullah", "title": "Mullah", "url": "https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/islam/islam/mullah", "what_it_supports": "Regional spread (Iran, Turkey, Central Asia, India), mosque and madrasa functions, and the gap between popular title and formal ʿulamāʾ ranks.", "url_status": "unverified" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "mullah-designation", "name": "Mullah designation", "description": "How and by whom this person is identified as a mullah.", "rationale": "Recognition starts with contextual evidence for the designation rather than an assumed universal definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "local-title-meaning", "name": "Local title meaning", "description": "The meaning of the designation in the setting where it is used.", "findings": [ { "id": "contextual-designation", "name": "Contextual designation", "description": "Record the actual term used and the religious standing or function it is understood to signify in that context.", "questions": [ { "text": "In which language, locality and religious community is this person called a mullah, and what does that designation mean there?", "kind": "definition", "id": "contextual-designation-q01" }, { "text": "Which source establishes this usage, and does it distinguish a religious designation from a surname or rhetorical label?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contextual-designation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "designation-acceptance", "name": "Designation acceptance", "description": "The relationship between external naming and the person's accepted identification.", "findings": [ { "id": "attribution-and-contestation", "name": "Attribution and contestation", "description": "Keep self-identification, community attribution and disputed labels distinguishable.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the person accept this designation, and who else applies or contests it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "attribution-and-contestation-q01" }, { "text": "What designation should an agent use when addressing or describing the person in the intended setting?", "kind": "action", "id": "attribution-and-contestation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "religious-learning", "name": "Religious learning", "description": "Evidence of the learning relevant to the person's claimed or recognised religious activities.", "rationale": "The title alone cannot establish subject competence or satisfy a community's qualification requirements.", "layers": [ { "id": "formation-and-attestation", "name": "Formation and attestation", "description": "Study, teachers and attestations supporting claims about religious learning.", "findings": [ { "id": "learning-basis", "name": "Learning basis", "description": "Record evidenced routes of learning without imposing a single credential pathway.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which teachers, institutions, study records or community attestations support the person's claimed religious learning?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "learning-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Which forms of learning evidence does the relevant community consider sufficient for the proposed activity?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "learning-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "competence-boundaries", "name": "Competence boundaries", "description": "The subjects and interpretive settings in which competence is evidenced.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-specific-competence", "name": "Subject-specific competence", "description": "Separate competence in a particular religious subject from general standing as a mullah.", "questions": [ { "text": "For which subjects, languages and interpretive traditions is teaching or advisory competence supported by evidence?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "subject-specific-competence-q01" }, { "text": "Which requests require referral because the relevant competence is absent, disputed or unverified?", "kind": "action", "id": "subject-specific-competence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "religious-practice", "name": "Religious practice", "description": "The teaching, guidance and ritual activities this person actually undertakes.", "rationale": "An agent needs activity-specific evidence to connect a request with an appropriate practitioner.", "layers": [ { "id": "teaching-and-guidance", "name": "Teaching and guidance", "description": "Religious instruction and advice, including their intended audience and claimed standing.", "findings": [ { "id": "guidance-remit", "name": "Guidance remit", "description": "Record the form and scope of instruction or guidance without automatically treating advice as an authoritative ruling.", "questions": [ { "text": "What religious instruction or guidance does the person provide, for which audiences and through which settings?", "kind": "definition", "id": "guidance-remit-q01" }, { "text": "If guidance is presented as a formal religious ruling, what separate evidence supports the person's authority to issue it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "guidance-remit-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "prayer-and-ritual-services", "name": "Prayer and ritual services", "description": "Participation in prayer leadership and particular religious services where evidenced.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-specific-role", "name": "Service-specific role", "description": "Distinguish leading, officiating, assisting and attending a religious activity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which prayer or ritual services does the person undertake, and what is their role in each?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "service-specific-role-q01" }, { "text": "What local recognition, invitation or other conditions must be satisfied before arranging the requested service?", "kind": "action", "id": "service-specific-role-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "recognition-and-authority", "name": "Recognition and authority", "description": "Who recognises the person's religious role and where that recognition applies.", "rationale": "Religious standing must be attributed to particular communities and roles rather than treated as unrestricted authority.", "layers": [ { "id": "community-and-institutional-standing", "name": "Community and institutional standing", "description": "Community recognition, appointments and institutional relationships.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognising-parties", "name": "Recognising parties", "description": "Record who recognises or appoints the person and what that relationship establishes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which communities or institutions recognise or appoint this person, and for which religious responsibilities?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "recognising-parties-q01" }, { "text": "Where do accounts of their standing differ, and which audiences or activities does each account concern?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "recognising-parties-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "limits-and-accountability", "name": "Limits and accountability", "description": "The limits of the religious remit and the mechanisms for clarifying or challenging it.", "findings": [ { "id": "authority-separation", "name": "Authority separation", "description": "Keep religious recognition distinct from separately evidenced mediation, judicial or governmental roles.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which claimed powers require a separate appointment or mandate beyond recognition as a mullah?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "authority-separation-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented person, body or community process can clarify the remit or receive a concern about its exercise?", "kind": "action", "id": "authority-separation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "current-role-and-engagement", "name": "Current role and engagement", "description": "Whether the person currently performs a relevant role and how an appropriate interaction can be arranged.", "rationale": "A historical designation or appointment is insufficient evidence of present availability or authorisation.", "layers": [ { "id": "role-continuity", "name": "Role continuity", "description": "Changes over time in active duties, appointments and recognition.", "findings": [ { "id": "dated-role-status", "name": "Dated role status", "description": "Record the current status of each religious role separately from continued use of the title.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which religious duties are currently active, unavailable, retired, ended or disputed, and as of what date?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "dated-role-status-q01" }, { "text": "What recent evidence supports that status, and which earlier appointments or descriptions have been superseded?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "dated-role-status-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "appropriate-engagement", "name": "Appropriate engagement", "description": "Conditions for requesting teaching, guidance or a religious service.", "findings": [ { "id": "request-routing", "name": "Request routing", "description": "Connect a specific request with a verified route and the conditions relevant to that activity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified contact route and stated arrangements apply to requesting this teaching, guidance or ritual service?", "kind": "action", "id": "request-routing-q01" }, { "text": "What must be confirmed about the requester's needs, the relevant religious tradition and the person's remit before proceeding?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "request-routing-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "village or neighbourhood mosque mullah (local prayer leader and teacher)", "madrasa-trained jurist-scholar (faqih / ʿalim serving as mullah)", "Shia clerical mullah (Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan; often below mujtahid)", "Sunni Deobandi or Barelvi mullah (South Asia)", "court or state-appointed mullah (Ottoman, Qajar, Soviet, Taliban-era official clergy)", "itinerant preacher-mullah", "honorific or pejorative lay use (anyone in clerical garb, or a rigid legalist)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q159780", "note": "item 'mullah' (Islamic cleric / religious scholar title)" }, { "scheme": "Library of Congress Subject Headings", "value_or_pattern": "Mullahs", "note": "LCSH class of persons; used in cataloguing" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "No single international occupational standard or ISO code governs the title; legal status is national and sectarian.", "Iran: clerical status is regulated through hawza seminaries and, for public office, the Guardian Council and related constitutional organs (Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1979 as amended).", "Afghanistan (Taliban Islamic Emirate): de facto governance by clerical networks; no internationally recognised professional licence for 'mullah'.", "Ottoman historical precedent: ilmiye hierarchy and kadı courts placed some mollas in graded state posts (not a living global standard)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Leads daily and Friday prayers and delivers the khutba in village and urban mosques.", "Teaches Qurʾan, fiqh, and basic literacy in maktab/madrasa settings.", "Performs nikah, funeral rites, and issues informal fatwas for local disputes.", "Appears as a political actor or power broker (Iranian clergy, Afghan Taliban, Pakistani madrasa networks).", "Used in media and everyday speech as a catch-all for 'the local cleric' or, pejoratively, a hidebound legalist." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "years of formal religious study before the title is commonly applied", "typical_range": "several years of madrasa/hawza study; not a fixed licence (often 4-12+)", "unit": "year" }, { "quantity": "congregation size served by a local mosque mullah", "typical_range": "tens to a few thousand worshippers depending on settlement", "unit": "person" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Title inflation: anyone in a turban or with a short course may be called mullah, obscuring actual legal competence.", "Political capture: state or militia appointment of mullahs to enforce a party line rather than independent fiqh.", "Sectarian or gender exclusion in dispute resolution when a local mullah is the only accessible adjudicator.", "Pejorative use of 'mullah' to smear all clergy or an entire polity, which collapses distinct ranks (imam, mujtahid, marjaʿ)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Persian/Dari/Tajik: mollā / mullo - everyday cleric; not equivalent to ayatollah or marjaʿ.", "South Asia (Urdu, Pashto): mullah / maulvi / maulana overlap; Deobandi and Barelvi madrasas produce most village mullahs.", "Turkey and former Ottoman lands: molla historically a medrese graduate or judge-grade scholar; modern Turkish uses imam, hoca, or müftü more often.", "Central Asia (Soviet and post-Soviet): 'mullah' survived as the unregistered village ritual specialist versus official muftiate clergy.", "Western journalism: often used loosely for any Muslim cleric, including Arab imams who would not self-identify as mullah." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "imam", "difference": "Imam is the prayer leader (and in Shia Islam also a unique sacred office); a mullah may serve as imam but the words are not coextensive - many imams are not called mullah, and not every mullah leads a mosque." }, { "name": "ʿālim / ʿulamāʾ", "difference": "ʿĀlim is the learned scholar as a class; mullah is a vernacular, often lower-prestige title that may or may not imply the same training." }, { "name": "mujtahid / ayatollah / marjaʿ al-taqlīd", "difference": "These are graded Shia ranks of independent legal reasoning and emulation; a mullah in Iran is typically below them and is not licensed to issue binding ijtihad for followers." }, { "name": "mufti", "difference": "A mufti is authorised to issue formal fatwas, often by a state or seminary office; a village mullah's answers are usually informal and local." }, { "name": "maulvi / maulana", "difference": "South Asian honorifics for the religiously educated; overlapping with mullah in speech, but maulana is generally more respectful and maulvi more tightly tied to madrasa certification." }, { "name": "akhoond / akhund", "difference": "Persianate synonym for a cleric-teacher; in some Afghan and Iranian usage akhund is the teacher, mullah the broader social title - tests are local, not universal." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of mullah this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which regional and linguistic meanings of mullah should the registry explicitly distinguish within this single entry?", "What evidence of learning and recognition is considered sufficient in each relevant community, including settings without formal credentials?", "How should the model represent continuing acceptance of the title after active duties or institutional appointments end?", "Which overlaps with imam, mufti, religious teacher or judge require links to neighbouring models once the registry's existing coverage is checked?", "How should conflicting self-identification, community recognition and external reporting be evaluated without imposing one account as universally authoritative?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "occupation or role", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a mullah, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a person identified as a mullah, assess the basis and limits of that identification, and determine which religious or community interactions are appropriate.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a mullah, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by appearance, and guessing from dress or setting is how an agent gets this wrong. Recognised by qualification, licence or engagement." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one mullah from another, and a mullah from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a mullah sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a mullah from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a mullah is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a mullah is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a mullah moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a mullah passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a mullah between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a mullah, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a mullah is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a mullah.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a mullah and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a mullah, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a mullah and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a mullah sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "competence-and-licence", "name": "Competence, qualification and licence", "description": "What someone must be able to do, and be permitted to do, as mullah.", "rationale": "The permission is jurisdictional and the competence is not, and conflating them is how an agent concludes someone may practise when they may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "competences", "name": "Competences and qualifications", "description": "Skills and credentials the role assumes.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualification-record", "name": "Qualifications and how they are evidenced", "description": "What counts as qualified, and what proves it.", "questions": [ { "id": "qualification-record-q01", "text": "What competences and qualifications does mullah require, and how is each evidenced?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "qualification-record-q02", "text": "Which qualifications transfer between jurisdictions and which do not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "licensing", "name": "Licensing and the right to practise", "description": "Who grants permission, where it holds, and when it lapses.", "findings": [ { "id": "licence-record", "name": "Licence, issuer and validity", "description": "The permission, its issuer, its territory and its expiry.", "questions": [ { "id": "licence-record-q01", "text": "Who licenses mullah, in which territory, and for how long?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "licence-record-q02", "text": "What may an unlicensed person not do, and what must an agent refuse to assume?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tasks-and-accountability", "name": "Tasks, employment and accountability", "description": "What mullah actually does and who answers for it.", "rationale": "A role is filled by people under an arrangement, and the arrangement decides liability, supervision and who may instruct whom.", "layers": [ { "id": "tasks", "name": "Tasks and typical duties", "description": "The work itself, and how it differs by setting.", "findings": [ { "id": "duty-record", "name": "Duties and setting", "description": "What the role does and where the work varies.", "questions": [ { "id": "duty-record-q01", "text": "What tasks define mullah, and how do they differ between settings or seniority?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "duty-record-q02", "text": "Which tasks may only be done by this role, and which are shared with neighbouring roles?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "accountability", "name": "Employment and accountability", "description": "The relation under which the work is done and where responsibility sits.", "findings": [ { "id": "responsibility", "name": "Responsibility and supervision", "description": "Who instructs, who supervises, who is liable.", "questions": [ { "id": "responsibility-q01", "text": "Under what arrangement does someone act as mullah, and who supervises or is liable?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "responsibility-q02", "text": "When something goes wrong, what does the model need to have recorded to answer who was responsible?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a mullah came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a mullah and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a mullah is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a mullah, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a mullah, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a mullah is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 14, "findings": 16, "questions": 44 } } } }