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Research draft

ellipsoid

vr.tr.ellipsoid · XCT.QLT

Let an agent explain ellipsoids, relay geometry, formulas and applications from mathematics, geodesy and physics sources, describe the named ellipsoids, and distinguish ellipsoids from spheres, spheroids as a special case, ellipses and other quadrics such as hyperboloids and paraboloids.

Thing Registry Cross-cutting context

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain ellipsoids, relay geometry, formulas and applications from mathematics, geodesy and physics sources, describe the named ellipsoids, and distinguish ellipsoids from spheres, spheroids as a special case, ellipses and other quadrics such as hyperboloids and paraboloids.

A closed quadric surface that is a three-dimensional analogue of an ellipse, defined in standard form by x2/a2 + y2/b2 + z2/c2 = 1 with semi-axes a, b and c, called tri-axial when all three differ and a spheroid when two are equal, with volume four-thirds pi abc, used as reference ellipsoids for the shape of the Earth in geodesy, and in physics as Poinsot s ellipsoid, the inertia ellipsoid describing free rigid-body rotation, and the index ellipsoid or optical indicatrix describing refractive index in crystals.

What it is for: Not applicable; a geometric surface, used as a model.

It can be explain geometry; relay formulas; describe named ellipsoids; distinguish related surfaces.

Distinguishing features

Three semi-axes

Closed quadric

Earth model

Physical applications

What it looks like

A stretched or squashed sphere shape.

Physical character

volume: 4/3 pi a b c formula

WGS 84 semi-major axis: 6378137 m

WGS 84 flattening: 1/298.257223563 ratio

How it is recognised

Closed quadric surface

Tri-axial ellipsoid, Poinsot s ellipsoid, index ellipsoid

Spheres have equal axes; spheroids have two equal axes; ellipses are 2D; hyperboloids and paraboloids are open

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

quadric

includes -

spheroid

is used in - as a reference ellipsoid

geodesy

is contrasted with - the 2D analogue

ellipse

In practice

Families and kinds

spheres as degenerate cases

oblate and prolate spheroids

tri-axial ellipsoids

reference ellipsoids

inertia and index ellipsoids

Standards and regulation

WGS 84 and GRS 80 reference ellipsoids

Failure modes and hazards

No simple closed formula for surface area of a tri-axial ellipsoid

Mixing reference ellipsoids in mapping

Confusing ellipsoid and spheroid

Also called

Poinsot's ellipsoidindex ellipsoidtri-axial ellipsoid

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What an ellipsoid is.

Science.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is an ellipsoid, and how does it differ from spheres, spheroids, ellipses and other quadrics? definition
  2. Is the question about geometry, geodesy, mechanics or optics? boundary

Named

Named ellipsoids.

Named

Named.

  1. What are tri-axial ellipsoids, Poinsot s ellipsoid and the index ellipsoid? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific ellipsoid? action
Geometry Geometry.

Science.

Formulas

Formulas.

Formulas

Formulas.

  1. What are the equation, volume and surface area approximations? measurement
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Quadrics

Quadrics.

Quadrics

Quadrics.

  1. How do ellipsoids fit among quadric surfaces? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Applications Applications.

Application.

Earth

Earth models.

Earth

Earth.

  1. How are reference ellipsoids used for GPS and mapping? provenance
  2. Which entry fits reference ellipsoid? action

Physics

Mechanics and optics.

Physics

Physics.

  1. How do the inertia and index ellipsoids describe rotation and birefringence? provenance
  2. Which entry fits birefringence? action
Context Other uses.

Context.

Statistics

Confidence ellipsoids.

Statistics

Statistics.

  1. How are ellipsoids used in multivariate statistics? provenance
  2. Which entry fits multivariate normal distribution? action

Nature

Astronomy.

Nature

Nature.

  1. Why are rotating planets and some asteroids ellipsoidal? provenance
  2. Which entry fits hydrostatic equilibrium? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should reference ellipsoid be a separate entry?
  • How should geodesy sources be linked?
  • Should Poinsot s and index ellipsoids be separate entries?