{ "model": { "rank": 5015, "code": "thing-q190100", "model_id": "vr.tr.bearing", "name": "bearing", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a mechanical bearing, assess its ability to support load while permitting intended relative motion, and determine suitable selection, inspection and maintenance actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q190100/", "tier": 2, "score": 70, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "drawer slides", "linear-motion bearing", "self-lubricating bearing", "fluid bearing", "hydraulic axle guide bearing", "rolling-element bearing", "wheel bearing", "magnetic bearing", "air bearing", "plain bearing", "hinge", "pitch bearing", "thrust bearing", "Pillow block bearing", "angular contact ball bearing", "inline skate bearing", "spherical roller bearing", "spherical roller thrust bearing", "roller bearing", "rolling bearing", "tapered roller bearing", "spiral groove bearing", "strap hinge", "Furniture hinges", "door hinge", "piano hinge", "decorative hinges", "gooseneck", "living hinge", "Floating hinge", "Geared continuous hinge", "casement hinges", "thrust block" ], "aliasCount": 33, "merged": 34, "knownIn": 70, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q190100", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190100", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:28:54Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 21.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08811-e8ae-71e2-a981-b93529234560\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bearing\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08811-e8b9-7932-b6e7-234718832be4\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bearing\nRegistry id: vr.tr.bearing\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q190100", "registryId": "vr.tr.bearing", "name": "bearing", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q190100/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.bearing", "name": "bearing", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a mechanical bearing, assess its ability to support load while permitting intended relative motion, and determine suitable selection, inspection and maintenance actions.", "definition": "A bearing is a machine element that supports and guides relative motion between components while transmitting loads and limiting friction.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the mechanical bearing as a component kind in vr.tr.bearing, including rolling-element, plain, fluid-film and magnetic implementations, their interfaces, operating limits and condition; it excludes the navigational sense of bearing and distinguishes the kind from product designs and individual installed units.", "in_scope": [ "Bearing principles, construction families and supported relative motions", "Radial, axial and combined load support and transmission", "Interfaces, fits, clearance, preload and alignment requirements", "Lubrication, auxiliary supplies and operating limits where applicable", "Condition assessment, failure mechanisms and bearing-specific interventions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Navigational bearings and angular direction measurements", "Complete shafts, gearboxes, motors and other host machines", "Structural supports that do not accommodate intended relative motion", "Lubricant manufacture and general lubrication-system design", "Product catalogue administration and individual asset lifecycle records" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "It supports or locates another member under load while allowing specified relative motion across an interface.", "Its operating principle manages that motion through sliding contact, rolling contact, a fluid film or a magnetic field; rolling elements are not required.", "Unlike a coupling, its defining role is supporting and guiding relative motion rather than transmitting drive torque between shafts.", "Unlike a seal, its defining role is carrying load and guiding motion rather than controlling fluid leakage or contaminant entry.", "A sleeve or bushing belongs here when its intended duty is bearing support; its cylindrical shape alone is insufficient." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Support principle", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "rolling-element | plain sliding | fluid-film | magnetic | hybrid | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines the applicable load, friction, supply and failure models." }, { "name": "Permitted motion", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "rotation | oscillation | linear translation | combined", "why_it_matters": "Separates intended movement from play, slip or displacement indicating a fault." }, { "name": "Load and locating role", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "radial | axial | combined; locating | floating | other arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Identifies which forces and displacements the bearing arrangement must accommodate." }, { "name": "Applied load", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "radial and axial force in N; supported moment in N·m where applicable; associated duty history", "why_it_matters": "Provides the demand against which an applicable capacity model can be evaluated." }, { "name": "Capacity basis", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "applicable rating, calculation method or supplier limit, with assumptions and source", "why_it_matters": "Prevents ratings for one bearing principle or duty from being treated as universal." }, { "name": "Motion rate", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "rotational speed in r/min, translation speed in m/s, or oscillation amplitude in degrees and frequency in Hz", "why_it_matters": "Affects heating, lubrication and permissible operating duty." }, { "name": "Interface geometry", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "bore, outside diameter, width and mounting dimensions in mm, with tolerances", "why_it_matters": "Establishes dimensional compatibility without assuming matching dimensions imply interchangeability." }, { "name": "Clearance or preload", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "clearance in µm or preload in N, with direction, temperature and assembly state", "why_it_matters": "Influences stiffness, load distribution, heat generation and freedom of motion." }, { "name": "Working surface construction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "surface materials, coatings, liner and rolling-element materials where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Constrains wear behaviour, chemical compatibility and lubrication requirements." }, { "name": "Lubrication and auxiliary dependence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "specified lubricant, self-lubricating material, fluid supply or magnetic support and control system", "why_it_matters": "Identifies resources whose absence or degradation can invalidate operation." }, { "name": "Operating temperature", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "°C at a specified measurement location and operating condition", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of thermal limits and changes in clearance or lubricant behaviour." }, { "name": "Condition assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unassessed | serviceable under stated conditions | degraded | failed; evidence and assessment date", "why_it_matters": "Connects observations to operational decisions without treating a single symptom as a diagnosis." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a bearing by support principle, motion and load role.", "Screen candidates against duty, mounting interfaces and documented operating limits.", "Determine applicable installation, alignment, clearance and preload checks.", "Assess inspection and monitoring evidence for bearing deterioration.", "Select documented lubrication, servicing or replacement actions appropriate to the bearing family.", "Identify conditions requiring shutdown or restricted operation using host-machine procedures." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "support-principle-and-motion", "name": "Support principle and motion", "description": "Establishes what makes the component a bearing and how it supports intended movement.", "rationale": "Bearing families share a support function but require different descriptions of contact, motion and dependence on external systems.", "layers": [ { "id": "bearing-identity", "name": "Bearing identity", "description": "Defines the mechanical sense and component boundary.", "findings": [ { "id": "load-supporting-motion-interface", "name": "Load-supporting motion interface", "description": "Record the supported member, supporting member and intended relative motion that establish the bearing function.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which members does the bearing support relative to each other, and what movement must remain possible?", "kind": "definition", "id": "load-supporting-motion-interface-q01" }, { "text": "Does the identified item perform the bearing function itself, or is it a housing, seal, coupling or complete bearing assembly?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "load-supporting-motion-interface-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support-mechanism", "name": "Support mechanism", "description": "Describes how forces cross the moving interface.", "findings": [ { "id": "contact-and-separation", "name": "Contact and separation", "description": "Record whether support uses sliding surfaces, rolling elements, fluid pressure, magnetic forces or a combination, including changes during startup and shutdown.", "questions": [ { "text": "What mechanism carries the load during normal operation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "contact-and-separation-q01" }, { "text": "How does load support change at rest, during startup or after loss of an auxiliary supply?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contact-and-separation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "load-motion-and-capacity", "name": "Load, motion and capacity", "description": "Connects bearing duty to an appropriate basis for evaluating capacity and useful service.", "rationale": "A bearing cannot be judged suitable from dimensions or a load rating detached from its assumptions.", "layers": [ { "id": "applied-duty", "name": "Applied duty", "description": "Captures forces and movement over the relevant operating cycle.", "findings": [ { "id": "load-and-motion-history", "name": "Load and motion history", "description": "Record load direction, magnitude, shocks and motion patterns, including oscillation and periods of standstill under load.", "questions": [ { "text": "What radial, axial and moment loads occur, including shocks and reversals?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "load-and-motion-history-q01" }, { "text": "What speeds, oscillation amplitudes, travel lengths and dwell periods describe the duty cycle?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "load-and-motion-history-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-interpretation", "name": "Capacity interpretation", "description": "Associates limits and life estimates with the bearing family and their stated conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-rating-basis", "name": "Applicable rating basis", "description": "Record the source and assumptions of capacity limits, speed limits and any life estimate rather than treating different rating systems as interchangeable.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which supplier documentation or issuing-body standard defines each rating, and does its scope cover this bearing and duty?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-rating-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Which assumptions about load, lubrication, temperature, reliability and installation constrain use of the rating or life estimate?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "applicable-rating-basis-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mounting-and-internal-geometry", "name": "Mounting and internal geometry", "description": "Describes how installation establishes the bearing's geometry and load path.", "rationale": "Fits, alignment and locating arrangements can make a dimensionally compatible bearing unsuitable or cause premature damage.", "layers": [ { "id": "seating-and-location", "name": "Seating and location", "description": "Captures shaft, housing, guide and retention interfaces as applicable.", "findings": [ { "id": "fits-and-locating-arrangement", "name": "Fits and locating arrangement", "description": "Record seating dimensions, tolerances, retention and the arrangement's provision for intended axial or thermal movement.", "questions": [ { "text": "What mounting dimensions, fits, shoulder geometry and retention features are required?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "fits-and-locating-arrangement-q01" }, { "text": "Which bearing or interface locates the supported member, and where is thermal expansion accommodated?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "fits-and-locating-arrangement-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operating-geometry", "name": "Operating geometry", "description": "Distinguishes unmounted geometry from conditions after assembly and heating.", "findings": [ { "id": "clearance-preload-and-alignment", "name": "Clearance, preload and alignment", "description": "Record the applicable clearance, preload, gap and alignment requirements with their measurement state.", "questions": [ { "text": "What clearance, preload or support gap is required before installation and at operating temperature?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "clearance-preload-and-alignment-q01" }, { "text": "How must alignment and adjustment be checked, and what documented limits determine acceptance?", "kind": "action", "id": "clearance-preload-and-alignment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "lubrication-supplies-and-environment", "name": "Lubrication, supplies and environment", "description": "Identifies the conditions and supporting resources needed to sustain bearing operation.", "rationale": "Lubrication needs, contamination sensitivity and supply-loss behaviour vary substantially across bearing principles.", "layers": [ { "id": "working-interface-support", "name": "Working interface support", "description": "Captures lubricant and auxiliary requirements without assuming every bearing needs external lubrication.", "findings": [ { "id": "lubricant-and-auxiliary-requirements", "name": "Lubricant and auxiliary requirements", "description": "Record applicable lubricant specifications, replenishment arrangements, fluid supply conditions or magnetic support dependencies.", "questions": [ { "text": "What lubricant, self-lubricating material, fluid supply or electrical support does this bearing require?", "kind": "definition", "id": "lubricant-and-auxiliary-requirements-q01" }, { "text": "Which supply parameters must be monitored, and what action is specified if support is lost?", "kind": "action", "id": "lubricant-and-auxiliary-requirements-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "thermal-and-contamination-exposure", "name": "Thermal and contamination exposure", "description": "Relates the service environment to working surfaces, protection and heat removal.", "findings": [ { "id": "environmental-operating-envelope", "name": "Environmental operating envelope", "description": "Record temperature limits, contaminant exposure, material compatibility and protective arrangements relevant to the selected bearing construction.", "questions": [ { "text": "What temperatures and contaminant exposures occur at the bearing, and where are they measured or assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "environmental-operating-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes that the bearing materials, lubricant and seals are compatible with those conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "environmental-operating-envelope-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-intervention", "name": "Condition and intervention", "description": "Connects bearing-specific evidence to diagnosis and justified service actions.", "rationale": "Symptoms can arise from the bearing or its installation, and intervention must address the mechanism behind deterioration.", "layers": [ { "id": "degradation-evidence", "name": "Degradation evidence", "description": "Organises observations according to the bearing principle and operating context.", "findings": [ { "id": "symptoms-and-failure-mechanisms", "name": "Symptoms and failure mechanisms", "description": "Record evidence for applicable mechanisms such as surface fatigue, wear, seizure, corrosion, electrical erosion, film loss or loss of magnetic support, retaining alternative explanations.", "questions": [ { "text": "What changes in vibration, temperature, friction, play, lubricant debris or support signals have been observed under comparable duty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "symptoms-and-failure-mechanisms-q01" }, { "text": "Which evidence distinguishes bearing damage from misalignment, imbalance, mounting looseness or a failing auxiliary system?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "symptoms-and-failure-mechanisms-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "service-and-return-to-operation", "name": "Service and return to operation", "description": "Defines applicable intervention choices and acceptance evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "bearing-specific-service-decision", "name": "Bearing-specific service decision", "description": "Record whether adjustment, relubrication, cleaning, specialist refurbishment or replacement is permitted, and what installation and operating checks justify return to service.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which documented criteria require continued monitoring, service, replacement or shutdown for this bearing and host duty?", "kind": "action", "id": "bearing-specific-service-decision-q01" }, { "text": "What mounting method and post-service checks confirm that support, clearance or preload, lubrication and operating behaviour are acceptable?", "kind": "action", "id": "bearing-specific-service-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The mechanical sense is inferred from PHY.OBJ; no sense was supplied.", "The kinds overlap: fluid-film bearings are often classified within plain bearings, while radial, thrust and linear describe additional classification axes.", "Standards and designations are recalled without source consultation; verify applicable editions, manufacturer suffixes and application-specific dimensions before engineering use." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Plain bearings", "Ball bearings", "Roller bearings", "Hydrostatic fluid-film bearings", "Hydrodynamic fluid-film bearings", "Magnetic bearings" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Rolling-bearing basic designation", "value_or_pattern": "6205", "note": "A common designation for a single-row deep-groove ball bearing with a 25 mm bore; suffixes specify features such as seals, internal clearance and precision and can vary by manufacturer." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO 281 - International Organization for Standardization: rolling-bearing dynamic load ratings and rating life.", "ISO 76 - International Organization for Standardization: rolling-bearing static load ratings.", "ISO 15 - International Organization for Standardization: boundary dimensions and general plan for radial rolling bearings.", "ISO 492 - International Organization for Standardization: geometrical product specifications and tolerance values for radial rolling bearings.", "ISO 15243 - International Organization for Standardization: terms, characteristics and causes of rolling-bearing damage and failures." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Supporting rotating shafts in electric motors, pumps and gearboxes.", "Carrying radial and axial loads in vehicle wheel hubs.", "Guiding linear motion in machine tools and automation equipment.", "Supporting turbine and engine shafts using fluid-film bearings.", "Allowing articulation in machinery through plain or spherical bearings." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Bore diameter", "typical_range": "Approximately 3-100 for many small machinery rolling bearings; larger industrial bearings extend far beyond this interval.", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Basic rating life", "typical_range": "No universal typical range; calculated from load rating and equivalent load under specified assumptions, conventionally at 90% reliability.", "unit": "million revolutions" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Rolling-contact fatigue can cause raceway or rolling-element spalling, vibration and eventual loss of function.", "Inadequate lubrication can cause wear, overheating, surface damage and seizure.", "Contamination or moisture can produce abrasive wear, indentations and corrosion.", "Overload, misalignment or improper installation can damage contact surfaces and accelerate failure.", "Electrical current through a bearing can cause erosion and fluting, particularly in motor applications." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Metric and inch-series bearings coexist; replacement requires checking dimensions and designation conventions.", "ISO tolerance classes and ABMA/ABEC terminology occur in different supply chains; class labels require careful comparison." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Bushing", "difference": "A bushing used to support sliding motion is a form of plain bearing; bushings used only as sleeves, spacers or insulators are not necessarily bearings." }, { "name": "Bearing housing", "difference": "A housing locates and supports a bearing in the machine structure; the bearing provides the interface for relative motion." }, { "name": "Shaft coupling", "difference": "A coupling joins shafts to transmit torque; a bearing primarily supports and guides motion while reacting loads." }, { "name": "Lubricant", "difference": "A lubricant reduces friction and wear at moving interfaces; it is a working material rather than the complete bearing element." }, { "name": "Bearing direction", "difference": "A navigational bearing is an angular direction, whereas this entry covers the physical machine element." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of bearing this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend bearing to include linear, magnetic, fluid-film, flexure and civil structural bearings, or should some be linked neighbouring concepts?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this mechanical bearing concept and therefore provide the authoritative publication?", "Which current standards and issuing bodies govern terminology, dimensions, tolerances, ratings and damage classification for each included bearing family?", "Which sourced capacity and dimensional examples would represent the included families without implying universal operating ranges?", "Where should the publication draw the boundary between a bearing element, an integrated bearing unit and its housing or auxiliary support system?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a bearing, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a mechanical bearing, assess its ability to support load while permitting intended relative motion, and determine suitable selection, inspection and maintenance actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: drawer slides, linear-motion bearing, self-lubricating bearing, fluid bearing, hydraulic axle guide bearing, rolling-element bearing, wheel bearing, magnetic bearing, air bearing, plain bearing, hinge, pitch bearing.", "34 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a bearing, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "drawer slides", "linear-motion bearing", "self-lubricating bearing", "fluid bearing", "hydraulic axle guide bearing", "rolling-element bearing", "wheel bearing", "magnetic bearing", "air bearing", "plain bearing", "hinge", "pitch bearing" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 34 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one bearing from another, and a bearing from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a bearing sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a bearing from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a bearing is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a bearing is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a bearing is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a bearing is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a bearing is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a bearing is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a bearing passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a bearing between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a bearing, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a bearing is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What bearing is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does bearing perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise bearing, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How bearing is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does bearing have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does bearing need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about bearing is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about bearing hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern bearing, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a bearing came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a bearing and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a bearing is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a bearing, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a bearing, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a bearing is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }