{ "model": { "rank": 4060, "code": "thing-q190168", "model_id": "vr.tr.yoruba-people", "name": "Yoruba people", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Yoruba people as a diverse ethnocultural collective, assess evidence about its communities and continuity, and determine appropriate uses of collective descriptions without assigning identity or traits to individuals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.PER", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q190168/", "tier": 2, "score": 79, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Brazilian Yorubas", "Gedevi people" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 79, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q190168", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190168", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:23:15Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 21, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0879e-cb0d-73d0-bfd0-7e711a3b78b7\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Yoruba people\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: SOC.PER\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 re", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 69.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0879e-cb1f-7ed2-a51e-e44ec419579d\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Yoruba people\nRegistry id: vr.tr.yoruba-people\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q190168", "registryId": "vr.tr.yoruba-people", "name": "Yoruba people", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.PER" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q190168/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.yoruba-people", "name": "Yoruba people", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Yoruba people as a diverse ethnocultural collective, assess evidence about its communities and continuity, and determine appropriate uses of collective descriptions without assigning identity or traits to individuals.", "definition": "The Yoruba are an ethnolinguistic people whose historical homelands lie chiefly in southwestern Nigeria and adjoining parts of Benin and Togo, encompassing diverse communities connected by Yoruba languages, histories, and cultural traditions.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the collective identity registered as vr.tr.yoruba-people in SOC / SOC.PER, including community belonging, internal diversity, historical and geographic connections, cultural transmission, and the limits of collective representation.", "in_scope": [ "Yoruba collective self-identification, names, and context-dependent boundaries of belonging", "Relationships among Yoruba communities, regional identities, and diaspora communities", "Connections between collective identity and Yoruba languages and speech varieties", "Historical narratives, migration connections, and relationships to places", "Institutions, cultural practices, and processes through which communities maintain or reinterpret Yoruba identity" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Individual people and determinations of their ethnicity", "Yoruba language grammar, dictionaries, and technical linguistic classification", "Nigeria, Benin, and other states as political or territorial entities", "Individual kingdoms, towns, associations, and governing institutions as independently managed entities", "Religions, deities, rituals, artworks, and festivals as standalone subjects", "Genetic ancestry classifications or claims that ethnicity determines individual behaviour" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The referent is a collective identified as Yoruba, rather than merely everyone who speaks a Yoruba variety.", "The referent is not interchangeable with Nigerian nationality or residence in a place associated with Yoruba communities.", "A town, regional identity, or historical polity may relate to Yoruba collective identity without being synonymous with the whole people.", "Participation in an orisha-related religious tradition does not by itself establish Yoruba ethnic belonging.", "A claimed diaspora connection must distinguish ancestry, self-identification, community recognition, and cultural affiliation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Collective names and naming context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Attested names, spellings, language, self-designation or external designation, period, and source", "why_it_matters": "Allows recognition of Yoruba references while preserving differences between historical labels and present community usage." }, { "name": "Basis of belonging", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Reported self-identification, community recognition, ancestry, linguistic affiliation, or cultural affiliation; multiple or unspecified", "why_it_matters": "Prevents any single proxy from becoming a universal test of Yoruba identity." }, { "name": "Regional and community affiliation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named community or regional identity, its relationship to Yoruba identification, source, and period", "why_it_matters": "Preserves internal distinctions instead of treating the collective as culturally or politically uniform." }, { "name": "Language relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named Yoruba variety or other language; reported use, heritage connection, transmission, or institutional role", "why_it_matters": "Separates language practice from ethnic membership and makes multilingual settings visible." }, { "name": "Geographic and diaspora connection", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Place linked through residence, origin narrative, migration, ancestry, or cultural affiliation, with dates and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports distinct descriptions of homeland connections, migration, and diaspora identification." }, { "name": "Population estimate", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Persons, with reference year, geography, inclusion criteria, collection method, and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Makes clear whether a figure counts ethnic identification, speakers, residents, or another population." }, { "name": "Representation mandate", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Institution or representative, constituency, subject, jurisdiction, duration, and evidence of mandate", "why_it_matters": "Prevents local, religious, or associational authority from being extended to all Yoruba people." }, { "name": "Cultural transmission status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Community-reported continuity, change, revitalisation, interruption, contestation, or unknown, specific to a practice and period", "why_it_matters": "Allows assessment of particular traditions without assigning one cultural condition to the entire collective." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve references to Yoruba people while distinguishing language, nationality, religion, and regional identity.", "Link documented communities and diaspora connections without automatically assigning identities to their members.", "Compare population estimates after checking their geographic coverage and definitions of belonging.", "Locate relevant community institutions for a specific consultation and verify their constituency and mandate.", "Describe cultural transmission and change with attribution to particular communities and periods.", "Flag unsupported generalisations, disputed historical accounts, and restricted cultural knowledge before reuse." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "yoruba-belonging-and-names", "name": "Yoruba belonging and names", "description": "Records how Yoruba collective identity is named and how belonging is described in particular settings.", "rationale": "Recognising the collective requires distinguishing self-identification from labels or membership criteria imposed by outsiders.", "layers": [ { "id": "collective-naming", "name": "Collective naming", "description": "Examines names used for Yoruba people across languages, sources, and periods.", "findings": [ { "id": "yoruba-name-reference", "name": "Name and referent", "description": "Record the population a source means by Yoruba and whether its terminology reflects self-designation, external classification, or retrospective usage.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who uses this name, in which language and period, and for which communities?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "yoruba-name-reference-q01" }, { "text": "Does this occurrence of Yoruba name the people, a language, a cultural tradition, or another referent?", "kind": "definition", "id": "yoruba-name-reference-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "belonging-and-internal-identities", "name": "Belonging and internal identities", "description": "Relates Yoruba identification to community, town, regional, and overlapping identities.", "findings": [ { "id": "contextual-belonging", "name": "Contextual belonging", "description": "Keep accounts of Yoruba belonging attributable and context-specific; investigate how identities such as Egba, Ijebu, and Ekiti relate to the collective without creating separate registry entries.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do members of the community describe the relationship between their local or regional identity and Yoruba identity?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contextual-belonging-q01" }, { "text": "Which criteria of belonging are reported, by whom, and where are those criteria disputed or insufficient?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contextual-belonging-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "yoruba-language-and-transmission", "name": "Yoruba language and transmission", "description": "Models the relationship between Yoruba collective identity, speech varieties, multilingual life, and heritage learning.", "rationale": "Language can connect Yoruba communities, but speaking ability and ethnic belonging require separate evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "speech-varieties-and-use", "name": "Speech varieties and use", "description": "Records community descriptions of language use and relationships to standard and local Yoruba varieties.", "findings": [ { "id": "language-identity-distinction", "name": "Language and identity distinction", "description": "Identify the varieties and settings a source describes while keeping speaker counts separate from counts of Yoruba people.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which Yoruba speech varieties and other languages are used in this community, and in which settings?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "language-identity-distinction-q01" }, { "text": "Does the source identify Yoruba people through self-identification, language use, or an unstated substitution between them?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "language-identity-distinction-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "intergenerational-language-continuity", "name": "Intergenerational language continuity", "description": "Examines how Yoruba language knowledge is transmitted in households, education, media, and diaspora settings.", "findings": [ { "id": "heritage-learning-evidence", "name": "Heritage learning evidence", "description": "Assess documented opportunities and barriers to learning Yoruba without treating reduced fluency as loss of ethnic identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What community-specific evidence describes changes in Yoruba use or learning across generations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "heritage-learning-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which community-led teaching resources or institutions can an agent accurately reference for this setting?", "kind": "action", "id": "heritage-learning-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "yoruba-places-histories-and-diasporas", "name": "Yoruba places, histories, and diasporas", "description": "Connects Yoruba communities to places, historical accounts, movement, and diaspora identification.", "rationale": "A collective spanning places and periods cannot be represented adequately by a single country, territory, or origin story.", "layers": [ { "id": "places-and-historical-accounts", "name": "Places and historical accounts", "description": "Distinguishes settlement evidence, political histories, origin traditions, and later interpretations.", "findings": [ { "id": "ife-oyo-and-local-histories", "name": "Ile-Ife, Oyo, and local histories", "description": "Investigate the roles assigned to Ile-Ife, Oyo, and other places while distinguishing origin traditions from claims about settlement or political authority.", "questions": [ { "text": "What kind of evidence supports each claimed connection to Ile-Ife, Oyo, or another place, and which period does it address?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "ife-oyo-and-local-histories-q01" }, { "text": "Does the account concern all Yoruba people, a particular polity, a lineage, or a local community?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "ife-oyo-and-local-histories-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "diaspora-connections-and-counts", "name": "Diaspora connections and counts", "description": "Examines documented movement, descendant communities, cultural affiliations, and the populations included in estimates.", "findings": [ { "id": "diaspora-affiliation-scope", "name": "Diaspora affiliation scope", "description": "Distinguish migration and forced displacement histories from present ancestry claims, ethnic self-identification, and religious or cultural connections.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does this diaspora community describe its connection to Yoruba people, and what evidence documents that relationship?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "diaspora-affiliation-scope-q01" }, { "text": "Does a population estimate include migrants, descendants, self-identified Yoruba people, speakers, or cultural participants, and for what year and territory?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "diaspora-affiliation-scope-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "yoruba-institutions-and-representation", "name": "Yoruba institutions and representation", "description": "Identifies institutions associated with Yoruba communities and the limits of their authority.", "rationale": "An agent needs to know which institution can address a particular matter without assuming that Yoruba people form a single governed organisation.", "layers": [ { "id": "kingship-and-local-authority", "name": "Kingship and local authority", "description": "Examines titles, offices, and customary institutions in their specific communities and jurisdictions.", "findings": [ { "id": "oba-office-and-mandate", "name": "Oba office and mandate", "description": "Where a source identifies an oba or another traditional office, record its particular constituency, functions, recognition, and period.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which community and matters fall within the documented role of this office, and what supports that account?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "oba-office-and-mandate-q01" }, { "text": "Where do customary standing, state recognition, ceremonial function, and practical decision-making authority differ?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "oba-office-and-mandate-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "associations-and-consultation", "name": "Associations and consultation", "description": "Relates community associations, cultural bodies, and diaspora organisations to the people they represent.", "findings": [ { "id": "issue-specific-representation", "name": "Issue-specific representation", "description": "Treat claims to speak for Yoruba people as mandates requiring evidence about membership, subject matter, and accountability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who authorises this organisation or spokesperson to represent which Yoruba constituency on this issue?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "issue-specific-representation-q01" }, { "text": "Which additional community perspectives are needed before presenting a consultation as representative?", "kind": "action", "id": "issue-specific-representation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "yoruba-cultural-life-and-stewardship", "name": "Yoruba cultural life and stewardship", "description": "Records relationships to religious traditions, expressive practices, and cultural knowledge with attention to variation and permission.", "rationale": "Yoruba identity must remain distinguishable from particular beliefs or practices, while cultural materials need appropriate attribution and handling.", "layers": [ { "id": "religious-and-cultural-plurality", "name": "Religious and cultural plurality", "description": "Examines community-specific relationships among Yoruba identification and different religious or secular commitments.", "findings": [ { "id": "religion-is-not-membership", "name": "Religion and collective belonging", "description": "Investigate relationships to orisha traditions, Islam, Christianity, and other commitments without making any religious affiliation a test of Yoruba identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do the people described relate their religious or secular commitments to their Yoruba identity?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "religion-is-not-membership-q01" }, { "text": "When a source calls a practice Yoruba, does it mean community origin, present practitioners, ritual lineage, or ethnic membership?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "religion-is-not-membership-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "expressive-practices-and-knowledge-access", "name": "Expressive practices and knowledge access", "description": "Links practices such as oriki and Ifa-related knowledge to particular practitioners, settings, and transmission conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "attribution-transmission-and-permission", "name": "Attribution, transmission, and permission", "description": "Record who maintains a practice, how it changes, and which materials are public or subject to community, practitioner, or legal restrictions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which practitioners or communities substantiate the description of this practice and its transmission?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "attribution-transmission-and-permission-q01" }, { "text": "What attribution, consent, access conditions, or rights must be checked before reproducing, translating, or adapting the material?", "kind": "action", "id": "attribution-transmission-and-permission-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge without source consultation; no population estimate is supplied.", "The listed kinds are examples of regional or historical Yoruba subgroups, not an exhaustive or formal taxonomy.", "Researchers should verify local names, subgroup boundaries, and how any dataset operationalizes ethnicity, ancestry, or language." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Oyo", "Egba", "Ijebu", "Ijesha", "Ekiti", "Ondo" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ISO 639-3", "value_or_pattern": "yor", "note": "Identifies the Yoruba language, not the Yoruba people or an individual's ethnicity." }, { "scheme": "ISO 639-1", "value_or_pattern": "yo", "note": "Identifies the Yoruba language; it is not an ethnic classification code." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Self-identification and recognition of shared heritage and community membership.", "Historical and anthropological study of Yoruba kingdoms, communities, migration, and diaspora formation.", "Planning Yoruba-language education, broadcasting, translation, and cultural preservation.", "Demographic analysis where ethnicity is explicitly defined and distinguished from language, nationality, and ancestry." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Treating Yoruba identity as an occupation because of the supplied batch context.", "Equating ethnicity with language proficiency, nationality, birthplace, religion, or genetic ancestry.", "Presenting regional communities as fixed, mutually exclusive subdivisions.", "Assuming all Yoruba people practise Yoruba traditional religion; religious affiliations are diverse.", "Conflating diaspora participation in Yoruba-derived traditions with Yoruba ethnic self-identification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Within Nigeria, regional histories, dialects, political institutions, and local affiliations vary across Yoruba communities.", "Yoruba communities in Benin and Togo share cross-border connections while having distinct national and local histories.", "Diaspora communities include descendants of people displaced through the Atlantic slave trade and more recent migrants; language retention and forms of identification vary." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Yoruba language", "difference": "A language rather than a people; speaking it and identifying as Yoruba are related but distinct." }, { "name": "Yorubaland", "difference": "A historical and cultural region rather than an ethnic population; residence there does not determine ethnicity." }, { "name": "Nigerians", "difference": "A national category encompassing many ethnic groups; Yoruba communities also exist outside Nigeria." }, { "name": "Yoruba traditional religion", "difference": "A set of religious traditions rather than an ethnic identity; neither category entails membership in the other." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Yoruba people this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover Yoruba people and therefore provide the authoritative publication for this registry entry?", "Which community-authored and scholarly sources best establish the changing scope of the Yoruba name and its relationship to regional identities?", "Which population estimates distinguish ethnic self-identification from language use and document coverage across countries and diaspora settings?", "How should differing diaspora uses of Yoruba affiliation be represented without collapsing religious lineage, ancestry, and ethnic belonging?", "Which accounts of origins, institutional authority, and cultural access remain contested, and whose perspectives are missing from the available evidence?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "occupation or role", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Yoruba people, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise Yoruba people as a diverse ethnocultural collective, assess evidence about its communities and continuity, and determine appropriate uses of collective descriptions without assigning identity or traits to individuals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Brazilian Yorubas, Gedevi people.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Yoruba people, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by appearance, and guessing from dress or setting is how an agent gets this wrong. Recognised by qualification, licence or engagement." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Brazilian Yorubas", "Gedevi people" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Yoruba people from another, and a Yoruba people from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Yoruba people sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Yoruba people from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Yoruba people is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Yoruba people is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Yoruba people moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Yoruba people passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Yoruba people between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Yoruba people, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Yoruba people is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a Yoruba people.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a Yoruba people and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a Yoruba people, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a Yoruba people and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a Yoruba people sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "competence-and-licence", "name": "Competence, qualification and licence", "description": "What someone must be able to do, and be permitted to do, as Yoruba people.", "rationale": "The permission is jurisdictional and the competence is not, and conflating them is how an agent concludes someone may practise when they may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "competences", "name": "Competences and qualifications", "description": "Skills and credentials the role assumes.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualification-record", "name": "Qualifications and how they are evidenced", "description": "What counts as qualified, and what proves it.", "questions": [ { "id": "qualification-record-q01", "text": "What competences and qualifications does Yoruba people require, and how is each evidenced?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "qualification-record-q02", "text": "Which qualifications transfer between jurisdictions and which do not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "licensing", "name": "Licensing and the right to practise", "description": "Who grants permission, where it holds, and when it lapses.", "findings": [ { "id": "licence-record", "name": "Licence, issuer and validity", "description": "The permission, its issuer, its territory and its expiry.", "questions": [ { "id": "licence-record-q01", "text": "Who licenses Yoruba people, in which territory, and for how long?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "licence-record-q02", "text": "What may an unlicensed person not do, and what must an agent refuse to assume?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tasks-and-accountability", "name": "Tasks, employment and accountability", "description": "What Yoruba people actually does and who answers for it.", "rationale": "A role is filled by people under an arrangement, and the arrangement decides liability, supervision and who may instruct whom.", "layers": [ { "id": "tasks", "name": "Tasks and typical duties", "description": "The work itself, and how it differs by setting.", "findings": [ { "id": "duty-record", "name": "Duties and setting", "description": "What the role does and where the work varies.", "questions": [ { "id": "duty-record-q01", "text": "What tasks define Yoruba people, and how do they differ between settings or seniority?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "duty-record-q02", "text": "Which tasks may only be done by this role, and which are shared with neighbouring roles?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "accountability", "name": "Employment and accountability", "description": "The relation under which the work is done and where responsibility sits.", "findings": [ { "id": "responsibility", "name": "Responsibility and supervision", "description": "Who instructs, who supervises, who is liable.", "questions": [ { "id": "responsibility-q01", "text": "Under what arrangement does someone act as Yoruba people, and who supervises or is liable?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "responsibility-q02", "text": "When something goes wrong, what does the model need to have recorded to answer who was responsible?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Yoruba people came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Yoruba people and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Yoruba people is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Yoruba people, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Yoruba people, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Yoruba people is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 14, "findings": 16, "questions": 44 } } } }