{ "model": { "rank": 6364, "code": "thing-q190763", "model_id": "vr.tr.venn-diagram", "name": "Venn diagram", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Venn diagram, assess whether its regions faithfully express the intended set relationships, and decide which interpretations or edits are justified.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q190763/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "information diagram", "Venn diagram for 2 sets", "Venn diagram for 3 sets", "Venn diagram for 4 sets", "Venn diagram for 5 sets" ], "aliasCount": 5, "merged": 5, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q190763", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190763", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:00:21Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00701522, "turns": 1, "seconds": 50.4, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 58.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c2a-a1d4-7300-8563-3706832e5744\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Venn diagram\nRegistry id: vr.tr.venn-diagram\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.REL\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q190763", "registryId": "vr.tr.venn-diagram", "name": "Venn diagram", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.REL" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q190763/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.venn-diagram", "name": "Venn diagram", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Venn diagram, assess whether its regions faithfully express the intended set relationships, and decide which interpretations or edits are justified.", "definition": "A Venn diagram is a plane figure of closed curves (typically circles or ellipses) whose interior regions represent the members of sets, with every possible intersection of those sets realized as a nonempty region so that membership, overlap, and exclusion can be read from the topology of the figure.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the diagram's set interpretation, membership-region structure, visual encodings, and fitness for a stated reasoning or communication task.", "in_scope": [ "The sets represented, their labels, and the universe of discourse", "Regions corresponding to every inside-or-outside combination of the represented sets", "Encoding of empty, occupied, unknown, and quantitatively described regions", "Consistency between set expressions, region annotations, and contour geometry", "Permitted reading, reasoning, and editing operations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The underlying datasets and their collection or maintenance", "The domain-specific truth of assertions represented by the diagram", "Euler diagrams that omit membership combinations through their contour arrangement", "General graph, network, and concept-map structures", "Rendering software, document layout, and file-format implementation" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Each represented set has a boundary whose inside and outside encode membership and non-membership.", "For n represented sets, the arrangement provides all 2^n inside-or-outside combinations, including the outside-all region; an empty combination remains representable rather than disappearing from the arrangement.", "An overlap denotes simultaneous set membership, rather than merely proximity, association, or a link between concepts.", "Shading, marks, and numbers require a declared interpretation; an unmarked region does not by itself establish emptiness.", "Circle shape and proportional area are not required: recognition depends on membership-region coverage and interpretation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Represented set count", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Number of sets", "why_it_matters": "Determines the required 2^n membership combinations and helps assess reading complexity." }, { "name": "Universe specification", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Explicit, implicit but recoverable, unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Controls the meaning of complements and the outside-all region." }, { "name": "Region coverage", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Number of geometrically represented membership combinations out of 2^n", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a complete Venn arrangement from an omitted-region representation or malformed drawing." }, { "name": "Region assertion status", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Per membership combination: empty, nonempty, unspecified, conflicting", "why_it_matters": "Separates assertions about membership from the mere existence of a drawn region." }, { "name": "Annotation meaning", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Element identity, exact-region count, inclusive intersection count, probability, logical assertion, other declared meaning", "why_it_matters": "Prevents confusing exclusive regions with totals that include further overlaps." }, { "name": "Area semantics", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Schematic, intended proportional, unspecified", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether visual size can support quantitative interpretation." }, { "name": "Assertion basis", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links from region assertions to supplied data, premises, set definitions, or derivations", "why_it_matters": "Lets an agent distinguish given information from conclusions and unsupported annotations." }, { "name": "Interpretation readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Readable, ambiguous, inconsistent, incomplete for the stated task", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether to interpret the diagram, request clarification, or repair it." } ], "affordances": [ "Translate a set expression into the membership regions it selects.", "Check whether all required membership combinations are geometrically represented.", "Identify conflicts between labels, shading, element placement, and region values.", "Derive set counts or probabilities when the supplied quantities and assumptions permit it.", "Relabel, recolour, or reshape contours while preserving membership meanings.", "Flag missing legends, unresolved universes, and unsupported inferences before using the diagram." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata-q190156", "title": "Venn diagram (Q190156)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190156", "what_it_supports": "Canonical identifier, aliases (set diagram, logic diagram), and links to related items such as Euler diagram.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "britannica-venn", "title": "Venn diagram", "url": "https://www.britannica.com/topic/Venn-diagram", "what_it_supports": "Historical origin with John Venn (1880), typical two- and three-circle forms, and use in elementary set theory and logic.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "maa-edwards", "title": "A Survey of Venn Diagrams", "url": "https://www.combinatorics.org/files/Surveys/ds5/VennEJC.html", "what_it_supports": "Combinatorial definition (2^n nonempty regions), existence of simple n-Venn diagrams, Edwards constructions, and distinction from Euler diagrams.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iso-80000-2", "title": "ISO 80000-2:2019 Quantities and units - Part 2: Mathematics", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/64973.html", "what_it_supports": "International notation for sets, unions, intersections, and complements that Venn diagrams illustrate; does not itself standardise the diagram form.", "url_status": "blocked" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "set-interpretation", "name": "Set interpretation", "description": "Establishes what membership means for each contour and for the surrounding space.", "rationale": "Region geometry supports set reasoning only when the sets and their universe can be interpreted.", "layers": [ { "id": "set-identities", "name": "Set identities", "description": "Connects contour labels to the sets they represent.", "findings": [ { "id": "contour-set-binding", "name": "Contour-to-set binding", "description": "Record which contour represents each set and whether its membership criterion is available.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which set does each contour represent, and what determines membership in that set?", "kind": "definition", "id": "contour-set-binding-q01" }, { "text": "Where were these set definitions or labels supplied?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contour-set-binding-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "universe-and-complements", "name": "Universe and complements", "description": "Defines the domain relative to which outside regions and complements are interpreted.", "findings": [ { "id": "outside-all-meaning", "name": "Outside-all meaning", "description": "Record the universe and the interpretation of space outside every set, including whether a frame denotes the universe.", "questions": [ { "text": "What universe contains the represented sets?", "kind": "definition", "id": "outside-all-meaning-q01" }, { "text": "Does the visible frame delimit that universe, or is it only a page or crop boundary?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "outside-all-meaning-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership-region-structure", "name": "Membership-region structure", "description": "Assesses whether contour geometry supplies the required membership combinations without ambiguous boundaries.", "rationale": "A Venn diagram is identified by its membership-region coverage, not by the presence of overlapping circles alone.", "layers": [ { "id": "combination-coverage", "name": "Combination coverage", "description": "Maps geometrically available regions to inside-or-outside combinations.", "findings": [ { "id": "complete-combination-map", "name": "Complete combination map", "description": "Record a membership signature for each region and identify any missing combination, independently of assertions that a region is empty.", "questions": [ { "text": "For n sets, which of the 2^n membership combinations have a geometrically available region?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "complete-combination-map-q01" }, { "text": "Is an absent combination caused by omitted geometry, cropping, or an unreadable narrow region?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "complete-combination-map-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contour-legibility", "name": "Contour legibility", "description": "Examines whether contours and crossings support reliable membership assignment.", "findings": [ { "id": "unambiguous-region-boundaries", "name": "Unambiguous region boundaries", "description": "Record contour breaks, tangencies, coincident segments, and annotation placements that make inside-or-outside decisions uncertain.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where do crossings, contour breaks, or coincident segments make region membership ambiguous?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "unambiguous-region-boundaries-q01" }, { "text": "Which contour or annotation adjustments would resolve the ambiguity while preserving all membership combinations?", "kind": "action", "id": "unambiguous-region-boundaries-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "region-assertions-and-quantities", "name": "Region assertions and quantities", "description": "Interprets what marks and values assert about the membership regions.", "rationale": "The same arrangement can express logical constraints, element membership, counts, or probabilities, each requiring different interpretation rules.", "layers": [ { "id": "logical-and-element-marks", "name": "Logical and element marks", "description": "Separates geometric regions from claims about their contents.", "findings": [ { "id": "mark-semantics", "name": "Mark semantics", "description": "Record the meanings of shading, symbols, and element labels, including marks whose placement intentionally leaves membership partly unresolved.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do shading, symbols, and unmarked space mean under this diagram's legend or stated convention?", "kind": "definition", "id": "mark-semantics-q01" }, { "text": "Does a mark identify one exact region, or intentionally leave a choice among adjacent regions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "mark-semantics-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "quantitative-interpretation", "name": "Quantitative interpretation", "description": "Defines the scope and units of numbers and any intended relationship between value and area.", "findings": [ { "id": "quantity-region-binding", "name": "Quantity-to-region binding", "description": "Record whether each quantity describes an exact membership region, an inclusive intersection, a whole set, or the universe, and whether area carries quantitative meaning.", "questions": [ { "text": "What region or collection of regions does each number measure, and in what units or probability base?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "quantity-region-binding-q01" }, { "text": "Is area intended to be proportional to a quantity, and what evidence or tolerance supports that reading?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "quantity-region-binding-q02" }, { "text": "Which supplied observations or calculations support the displayed values?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "quantity-region-binding-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "reasoning-and-safe-transformation", "name": "Reasoning and safe transformation", "description": "Determines which conclusions and edits preserve the diagram's intended set meaning.", "rationale": "An agent needs to distinguish justified set operations from interpretations or redraws that silently change assertions.", "layers": [ { "id": "inference-readiness", "name": "Inference readiness", "description": "Checks whether the available assertions support the requested reasoning task.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-set-conclusions", "name": "Supported set conclusions", "description": "Record the target expression or question, contradictions among supplied assertions, and assumptions needed for a conclusion.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which exact membership regions contribute to the requested union, intersection, difference, or complement?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-set-conclusions-q01" }, { "text": "Do logical assertions or quantitative totals conflict, and which requested conclusions remain underdetermined?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-set-conclusions-q02" }, { "text": "What additional premise or value is required before the requested conclusion can be derived?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-set-conclusions-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "meaning-preserving-edits", "name": "Meaning-preserving edits", "description": "Constrains changes to contour layout, labels, encodings, and represented sets.", "findings": [ { "id": "transformation-invariants", "name": "Transformation invariants", "description": "Record the membership signatures and assertions an edit must preserve, or explicitly revise when the represented sets change.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which set bindings, region assertions, and quantitative encodings must remain invariant under the proposed edit?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "transformation-invariants-q01" }, { "text": "If a set is added or removed, how must membership regions and their assertions be recomputed or combined?", "kind": "action", "id": "transformation-invariants-q02" }, { "text": "What post-edit checks will establish that the resulting diagram still supports the intended interpretation?", "kind": "action", "id": "transformation-invariants-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Two-set Venn diagram (two overlapping circles; four regions including the exterior)", "Three-set Venn diagram (three mutually overlapping circles; eight regions including the exterior)", "Symmetric n-set Venn diagram (n curves in rotational or other symmetry, each of the 2^n regions present)", "Edwards-Venn diagram (successive curves on a sphere or plane, typically for n ≥ 4)", "Euler diagram used as a Venn (omits empty intersections; often mislabelled as Venn)", "Weighted or area-proportional Venn (region areas scaled to cardinality or measure)", "Inclusive-exclusive / Boolean-region Venn (shaded or numbered for union, intersection, complement, and set-algebra identities)", "Statistical or data Venn (counts, percentages, or gene-list overlap overlaid on the regions)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q190156", "note": "Item 'Venn diagram'; also linked from English Wikipedia 'Venn diagram'." }, { "scheme": "Library of Congress Subject Headings", "value_or_pattern": "sh 85137731", "note": "LCSH 'Venn diagrams' (verify locally against current LC authorities if citing catalog records)." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ISO 80000-2:2019 (ISO) - mathematical notation for sets and operations that Venn diagrams depict; the diagram itself is not a standardised graphical symbol in that standard.", "ISO 80000-1 / IEC 80000 series (ISO/IEC) - general quantities-and-units framework when a Venn is used to display measured or counted quantities.", "School and examination syllabuses (national education authorities, e.g. England KS3/GCSE mathematics; many US Common Core / state standards) - specify Venn diagrams as a taught representation of sets and probability, not as an industrial product standard." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Classroom and textbook illustration of union, intersection, complement, and inclusion-exclusion for two or three sets.", "Probability problems that partition a sample space into mutually exclusive Venn regions (often two or three events).", "Bioinformatics and survey graphics: overlap of gene lists, patient cohorts, or response categories, frequently as area-proportional three-circle plots.", "Requirements and systems engineering: stakeholder, feature, or interface overlap (often informal Euler-style pictures labelled as Venn).", "Logic and Boolean algebra: shading regions to prove identities or to represent minterms of n variables." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Number of sets (n)", "typical_range": "2-3 in everyday use; 4-7 in combinatorial constructions; n ≥ 8 rare in print", "unit": "1 (dimensionless count)" }, { "quantity": "Number of regions including exterior", "typical_range": "2^n (must be 4, 8, 16, … for a true n-Venn)", "unit": "1 (dimensionless count)" }, { "quantity": "Cardinality or count in a region", "typical_range": "0 to the size of the universe; often tens to thousands in data graphics", "unit": "1 (count) or the unit of the measured attribute" }, { "quantity": "Region area (area-proportional diagrams)", "typical_range": "scaled to count or measure; exact area-proportional n-circle Venn diagrams are impossible for arbitrary positive data when n ≥ 3", "unit": "mm^2 on the page, or px^2 on screen" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Mislabeling an Euler diagram as a Venn: missing intersection regions are then read as empty of members when they were simply omitted.", "Assuming circle (or ellipse) area is proportional to set size when the figure is not constructed as area-proportional.", "Impossible area-proportional layouts: three-circle Venn diagrams cannot realize every combination of seven positive region values; software then distorts or drops regions.", "n > 3 with ordinary circles cannot form a Venn diagram; readers may treat a crowded figure as showing all 2^n intersections when some are missing.", "Shading or count errors that reverse complement and intersection, leading to wrong inclusion-exclusion or probability totals.", "No physical safety hazard; the main operational hazard is incorrect inference from a poorly labelled or non-Venn overlap graphic." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "English 'Venn diagram' vs historical 'Eulerian circles'; some European school texts still say Euler diagram for any closed-curve set picture.", "In data-science and biology papers worldwide, 'Venn' is used loosely for any overlap plot, including two-set Euler and non-circle layouts.", "Japanese school materials often present two- and three-circle Venn under set theory (集合) with region counts; four-set figures are uncommon in compulsory curricula.", "Combinatorial literature (Canada, UK, Australia) treats 'simple symmetric n-Venn' as a research object; that vocabulary is almost absent from K-12 materials." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Euler diagram", "difference": "An Euler diagram may omit regions that correspond to empty intersections; a Venn diagram of n sets must contain all 2^n intersections as connected nonempty regions (the exterior counting as the complement of the union)." }, { "name": "Karnaugh map", "difference": "A Karnaugh map is a rectangular Gray-code array of minterms; a Venn diagram is a planar curve arrangement. Both enumerate 2^n Boolean regions, but adjacency and grouping rules differ." }, { "name": "Johnston diagram / Marquand chart", "difference": "Logical diagrams that partition a rectangle into 2^n cells rather than overlapping closed curves." }, { "name": "Set-inclusion Hasse diagram / lattice diagram", "difference": "Shows subset order among named sets as a poset, not membership of elements inside overlapping interiors." }, { "name": "Pie chart or treemap of a partition", "difference": "Displays a disjoint cover of a whole; a Venn displays overlapping classes and therefore cannot be read as a single partition unless only the atomic regions are taken as the classes." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Venn diagram this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which formal convention should this registry adopt for disconnected regions, self-intersecting contours, and other non-simple Venn constructions?", "Should colloquially labelled Venn diagrams with missing membership combinations be retained as nonconforming instances or linked to an Euler-diagram model?", "Which logical notation conventions must be supported, particularly for existence marks placed across region boundaries?", "What task-specific tolerances should govern readability and validation of intended area-proportional diagrams?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Venn diagram, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Venn diagram, assess whether its regions faithfully express the intended set relationships, and decide which interpretations or edits are justified.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: information diagram, Venn diagram for 2 sets, Venn diagram for 3 sets, Venn diagram for 4 sets, Venn diagram for 5 sets.", "5 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Venn diagram, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "information diagram", "Venn diagram for 2 sets", "Venn diagram for 3 sets", "Venn diagram for 4 sets", "Venn diagram for 5 sets" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 5 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Venn diagram from another, and a Venn diagram from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Venn diagram sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Venn diagram from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Venn diagram passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Venn diagram between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Venn diagram, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Venn diagram is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a Venn diagram proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a Venn diagram, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a Venn diagram and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a Venn diagram consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a Venn diagram takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What Venn diagram is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of Venn diagram are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is Venn diagram operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of Venn diagram and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of Venn diagram?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as Venn diagram?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Venn diagram came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Venn diagram and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Venn diagram is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Venn diagram, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Venn diagram, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Venn diagram is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }