{
    "model": {
        "rank": 5737,
        "code": "thing-q191431",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.mandala",
        "name": "mandala",
        "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a mandala, assess its representational and practice-related state, and determine appropriate interpretation, access, reproduction or transformation.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Information and virtual systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "INF",
        "domain": "INF.MED",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q191431/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 65,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "three Pure Land mandalas",
                "Kasuga mandala",
                "Lotus Mandala",
                "Tibetan mandala",
                "Diamond Realm Mandala",
                "Womb Realm Mandala",
                "Taima mandala",
                "pilgrimage mandala",
                "Vaiśravaṇa mandala",
                "Mandala of the Two Realms",
                "Kasuga deer mandala",
                "Tateyama Mandala"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 12,
            "merged": 12,
            "knownIn": 65,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q191431",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191431",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T09:09:56Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex"
                ],
                "missingProviders": [
                    "Grok"
                ],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "usd": null,
                        "turns": null,
                        "seconds": 14.5,
                        "error": "Error: Internal error: {\n  \"message\": \"API error (status 402 Payment Required): Grok Build usage balance exhausted\",\n  \"http_status\": 402\n}",
                        "retried": true
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 89.7,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b20-4381-7722-9ff6-53e6ab7a9af0\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: mandala\nRegistry id: vr.tr.mandala\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.MED\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy m"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q191431",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.mandala",
                "name": "mandala",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "INF.MED"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q191431/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.mandala",
                "name": "mandala",
                "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a mandala, assess its representational and practice-related state, and determine appropriate interpretation, access, reproduction or transformation.",
                "definition": "",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns the mandala as an organised symbolic or contemplative representation, including its attributed identity, spatial grammar, interpretive context, intended use and context-specific handling constraints; it distinguishes the represented design from its physical or digital carrier.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "The evidence and context supporting identification as a mandala",
                    "The organisation of centres, regions, boundaries, orientations and paths",
                    "Attributed meanings of figures, motifs, colours, inscriptions and spatial relationships",
                    "Intended ritual, contemplative, educational, artistic or recreational use",
                    "Representational completeness, legibility and lifecycle state relative to its intended use",
                    "Context-specific permissions for viewing, interpreting, reproducing, modifying and retiring the representation"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "The manufacture, material conservation and ownership of its physical carrier",
                    "The complete religious or philosophical system within which it is interpreted",
                    "The full procedure and participant management of a ceremony using it",
                    "Clinical assessment or treatment outcomes associated with a person's use",
                    "General geometric ornament, diagrams or artworks without an evidenced mandala identification",
                    "The architecture and maintenance of a site represented by or hosting the mandala"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Require an attributed identification or documented intended use as a mandala; circular shape or radial symmetry alone is insufficient.",
                    "Record the organising relationships that make its regions, motifs or paths meaningful as a whole, rather than treating repeated decoration as sufficient identification.",
                    "Distinguish a representation of an ordered domain or contemplative field from an ordinary chart by recording the purpose and interpretive context claimed for it.",
                    "Distinguish a mandala from a yantra, cosmogram or neighbouring form using the terminology of its source context; permit overlapping classifications when supported.",
                    "Distinguish a complete design, an excerpt, a template and an adaptation by identifying what each preserves or omits relative to its stated reference."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Identification basis",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "creator attribution | practitioner attribution | collection attribution | documented use | visual inference only | unresolved; multiple values allowed",
                        "why_it_matters": "Prevents a circular image from being confidently classified as a mandala solely by appearance."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Interpretive context",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Links to named traditions, communities, practices, creators or interpretive accounts, with attribution",
                        "why_it_matters": "Determines which meanings and handling expectations can reasonably be applied."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Spatial organisation",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Described arrangement of centres, nested regions, sectors, boundaries and connections; absent or unresolved elements explicitly recorded",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition and comparison without imposing a universal mandala geometry."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Orientation convention",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Source-defined orientation | display-defined orientation | orientation-independent | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Helps determine whether rotation or rearrangement changes interpretation or permitted use."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Intended mode of use",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "ritual | contemplation | instruction | artistic presentation | recreation | other attributed use | unresolved; multiple values allowed",
                        "why_it_matters": "Sets the criteria for readiness and prevents unsupported assumptions about religious or therapeutic function."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Reference relationship",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Links to an identified prototype, prescribed design, source account or predecessor, qualified as copy, adaptation, excerpt or uncertain",
                        "why_it_matters": "Makes claims about fidelity and completeness assessable."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Representational state",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "planned | in construction | complete for stated use | fragmentary | altered | intentionally dispersed | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes unfinished or damaged representations from intentional lifecycle transitions."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Interpretive legibility",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "legible for stated use | partly legible | illegible for stated use | unassessed, identifying affected elements",
                        "why_it_matters": "Indicates whether an agent can reliably identify or interpret the elements needed for a proposed action."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Use and transformation conditions",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Attributed conditions connecting a proposed action, audience, context and relevant permission source",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about display, copying, annotation, alteration and retirement without inventing universal restrictions."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Identify or provisionally classify a candidate mandala while exposing the evidence and uncertainty.",
                    "Describe its spatial organisation and attach attributed interpretations to particular elements and relationships.",
                    "Compare a version with its stated reference to identify omissions, substitutions, rotations or other changes.",
                    "Assess whether its completeness and legibility support a specified use.",
                    "Determine whether a proposed display, reproduction or adaptation satisfies recorded contextual conditions.",
                    "Record an intentional transition such as completion, withdrawal or dispersal while preserving the distinction between the design and its surviving records."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "mandala-identification",
                        "name": "Mandala identification",
                        "description": "Establishes why the representation is treated as a mandala and which interpretation of that term applies.",
                        "rationale": "Mandala identification must be grounded in attribution and use rather than inferred from visual symmetry alone.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "identification-evidence",
                                "name": "Identification evidence",
                                "description": "Records the basis and limits of the mandala classification.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "attributed-mandala-identity",
                                        "name": "Attributed mandala identity",
                                        "description": "An assessable identification claim linked to its claimant and supporting evidence.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who identifies this representation as a mandala, and what source records that identification?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "attributed-mandala-identity-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What does mandala mean in that source context, and is the current identification established or provisional?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "attributed-mandala-identity-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-boundaries",
                                "name": "Classification boundaries",
                                "description": "Locates the representation relative to neighbouring forms and related versions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "neighbour-and-version-distinction",
                                        "name": "Neighbour and version distinction",
                                        "description": "Clarifies whether the item is a mandala, an overlapping form, or a derivative representation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence distinguishes or connects this item to a yantra, cosmogram, decorative rosette or other locally named form?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "neighbour-and-version-distinction-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is this a complete mandala design, a fragment, a template, a reproduction or an adaptation, and what reference supports that distinction?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "neighbour-and-version-distinction-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "spatial-symbolic-grammar",
                        "name": "Spatial and symbolic grammar",
                        "description": "Records how the arrangement and its elements carry the representation's attributed meaning.",
                        "rationale": "An agent must distinguish meaningful spatial relationships from incidental appearance before interpreting or modifying a mandala.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "organising-space",
                                "name": "Organising space",
                                "description": "Describes centres, regions, boundaries and directional relationships without presuming a fixed geometry.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "centres-regions-and-orientation",
                                        "name": "Centres, regions and orientation",
                                        "description": "The spatial relationships relevant to recognising and reading this mandala.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which centres, enclosing regions, sectors, thresholds or paths organise this mandala, and which of these are absent?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "centres-regions-and-orientation-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which positions, counts, proportions or orientations must be preserved according to its stated reference or intended use?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "centres-regions-and-orientation-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "interpreted-elements",
                                "name": "Interpreted elements",
                                "description": "Connects visible or specified elements to sourced interpretations.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "motif-and-position-meaning",
                                        "name": "Motif and position meaning",
                                        "description": "Attributed meanings of figures, colours, shapes, inscriptions and their placements.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What meanings are attributed to particular figures, colours, motifs or inscriptions, and by which interpretive source?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "motif-and-position-meaning-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which meanings depend on an element's position or relationship to other elements, and which remain unresolved or disputed?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "motif-and-position-meaning-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "practice-and-use",
                        "name": "Practice and use",
                        "description": "Relates the mandala to its intended engagement, audience and interpretive prerequisites.",
                        "rationale": "The same representation may be viewed, studied or used in different ways, each requiring different evidence of suitability.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "intended-engagement",
                                "name": "Intended engagement",
                                "description": "Establishes what a person or agent is expected to do with the mandala.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "mandala-use-contract",
                                        "name": "Intended use and sequence",
                                        "description": "The attributed purpose and any prescribed way of engaging with the representation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is this mandala intended for ritual, contemplation, instruction, artistic presentation, recreation or another documented use?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "mandala-use-contract-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Does that use specify a viewing direction, traversal, construction sequence or guided interpretation, and where is that instruction recorded?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "mandala-use-contract-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "audience-and-prerequisites",
                                "name": "Audience and prerequisites",
                                "description": "Records conditions relevant to a particular audience or mode of engagement.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "contextual-access-conditions",
                                        "name": "Contextual access conditions",
                                        "description": "Attributed requirements for viewing, explaining or using this mandala.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What audience restrictions, preparation or guidance, if any, are documented for this mandala and this proposed use?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "contextual-access-conditions-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who or what source can establish whether those conditions are satisfied, and what may proceed when the evidence is incomplete?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "contextual-access-conditions-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "integrity-and-transformation",
                        "name": "Integrity and transformation",
                        "description": "Assesses readiness, version changes and intended lifecycle transitions.",
                        "rationale": "A mandala's state depends on its intended use and reference, while alteration or disappearance may have meanings other than damage.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "use-relative-integrity",
                                "name": "Use-relative integrity",
                                "description": "Evaluates completeness and legibility against an explicit purpose or reference.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "completion-and-readable-structure",
                                        "name": "Completion and readable structure",
                                        "description": "Whether the required arrangement and elements can support the stated use.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which required regions, motifs or inscriptions are present, missing, obscured or substituted relative to the identified reference?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "completion-and-readable-structure-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Do those differences prevent the proposed use, and whose criteria establish that judgement?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "completion-and-readable-structure-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "permitted-change-and-retirement",
                                "name": "Permitted change and retirement",
                                "description": "Evaluates modifications and transitions while maintaining the identity of the design and its versions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "transformation-and-lifecycle-decisions",
                                        "name": "Transformation and lifecycle decisions",
                                        "description": "The consequences and conditions of copying, changing, withdrawing or dispersing the mandala.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Under the recorded contextual conditions, may this mandala be cropped, recoloured, rotated, annotated or reproduced, and which changes require identification as an adaptation?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "transformation-and-lifecycle-decisions-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is withdrawal or dispersal an intended transition for this instance, and how should surviving photographs or reconstructions be related to it?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "transformation-and-lifecycle-decisions-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Does the registry intend mandala to include spatial installations and mentally visualised representations, or only recorded representational forms within INF.MED?",
                "Which source contexts are needed to establish defensible boundaries and overlaps between mandala, yantra, cosmogram and contemporary decorative usage?",
                "What evidence should distinguish a new mandala from a copy, adaptation or reconstruction when no explicit prototype or governing account is available?",
                "How should conflicting creator, practitioner and collection interpretations be represented without treating any one attribution as universally authoritative?",
                "Which completion, access, transformation and retirement criteria can be established for specific mandala contexts rather than generalised across them?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 4,
                "layers": 8,
                "findings": 8,
                "questions": 16
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "work, medium or creative form",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a mandala, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a mandala, assess its representational and practice-related state, and determine appropriate interpretation, access, reproduction or transformation.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "information",
                "origin": "conceptual",
                "agency": "inert"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "read and interpreted",
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: three Pure Land mandalas, Kasuga mandala, Lotus Mandala, Tibetan mandala, Diamond Realm Mandala, Womb Realm Mandala, Taima mandala, pilgrimage mandala, Vaiśravaṇa mandala, Mandala of the Two Realms, Kasuga deer mandala, Tateyama Mandala.",
                "12 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 65 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a mandala, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "read it and act on what it says",
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "three Pure Land mandalas",
                        "Kasuga mandala",
                        "Lotus Mandala",
                        "Tibetan mandala",
                        "Diamond Realm Mandala",
                        "Womb Realm Mandala",
                        "Taima mandala",
                        "pilgrimage mandala",
                        "Vaiśravaṇa mandala",
                        "Mandala of the Two Realms",
                        "Kasuga deer mandala",
                        "Tateyama Mandala"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 65 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 12 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one mandala from another, and a mandala from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a mandala sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a mandala from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a mandala passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a mandala between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a mandala, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a mandala is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "content-and-access",
                        "name": "Content, encoding and access",
                        "description": "What a mandala says, how it is encoded and who may read it.",
                        "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "content-and-encoding",
                                "name": "Content and encoding",
                                "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "content-and-format",
                                        "name": "Content, format and language",
                                        "description": "What a mandala contains and in what form it is held.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "content-and-format-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "content-and-format-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "content-and-format-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "access-and-rights",
                                "name": "Access, rights and retention",
                                "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "access-rules",
                                        "name": "Access rules and retention",
                                        "description": "The permissions attached to a mandala and the period it survives.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "access-rules-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes access to a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "access-rules-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "access-rules-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "work-and-manifestation",
                        "name": "Work, version and copy",
                        "description": "Which level of mandala a statement is about.",
                        "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "levels",
                                "name": "Levels of the thing",
                                "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "level-rules",
                                        "name": "What belongs at each level",
                                        "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "level-rules-q01",
                                                "text": "For mandala, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "level-rules-q02",
                                                "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "versions",
                                "name": "Versions, editions and variants",
                                "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "version-record",
                                        "name": "Versions and canonicity",
                                        "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "version-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Which versions or editions of mandala exist, and how do they differ substantively?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "version-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "authorship-and-rights",
                        "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use",
                        "description": "Who made mandala and what may be done with it.",
                        "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "authorship",
                                "name": "Authorship and contribution",
                                "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "contribution-record",
                                        "name": "Contributors and roles",
                                        "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "contribution-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Who authored or contributed to mandala, in what roles, and how is that attested?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "contribution-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "rights",
                                "name": "Rights and permissions",
                                "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "rights-record",
                                        "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts",
                                        "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "rights-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What rights subsist in mandala, in which jurisdictions, and until when?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "rights-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a mandala came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a mandala and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a mandala is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a mandala, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a mandala, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a mandala is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 6,
                "layers": 12,
                "findings": 14,
                "questions": 38
            }
        }
    }
}