{ "model": { "rank": 6875, "code": "thing-q192075", "model_id": "vr.tr.north-american-p-51-mustang", "name": "North American P-51 Mustang", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify the North American P-51 Mustang aircraft family, distinguish its configurations, assess evidence about an example's condition, and determine which uses require further technical or regulatory verification.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q192075/", "tier": 2, "score": 58, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "North American F-82 Twin Mustang", "F-82H Twin Mustang", "P-82B Twin Mustang", "P-82C Twin Mustang", "P-82D Twin Mustang", "XP-82A Twin Mustang", "F-82G Twin Mustang", "F-82E Twin Mustang", "XP-82 Twin Mustang", "F-82F Twin Mustang", "A-36 Mustang", "A-36A Apache", "F-6 Mustang", "Mustang I", "Mustang I (DB)", "Mustang IA", "Mustang II", "Mustang III", "Mustang IV", "Mustang X", "Mustang IVA", "NA-73X", "North American P-51K Mustang", "P-51L Mustang", "P-51M Mustang", "TP-51 Mustang", "Cavalier Mustang", "Mini Mustang", "P-51A Mustang", "P-51B Mustang", "North American P-51D Mustang", "XP-51 Mustang", "XP-51B Mustang", "P-51C Mustang", "P-51H Mustang", "XP-51J Mustang", "XP-51F Mustang", "XP-51G Mustang", "Cavalier Executive Mustang", "Cavalier Mustang II" ], "aliasCount": 41, "merged": 41, "knownIn": 58, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q192075", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192075", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T23:41:41Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0888b-37c6-7d22-97b2-eb79d1876afb\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: North American P-51 Mustang\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Bat", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 81.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0888b-37ce-7b53-94e2-1e80fbdffe98\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: North American P-51 Mustang\nRegistry id: vr.tr.north-american-p-51-mustang\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames f" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q192075", "registryId": "vr.tr.north-american-p-51-mustang", "name": "North American P-51 Mustang", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q192075/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.north-american-p-51-mustang", "name": "North American P-51 Mustang", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify the North American P-51 Mustang aircraft family, distinguish its configurations, assess evidence about an example's condition, and determine which uses require further technical or regulatory verification.", "definition": "The North American P-51 Mustang is a family of American single-seat, single-engine, piston-powered fighter aircraft developed by North American Aviation during the Second World War, distinguished especially by the long-range escort capability of its Merlin-powered variants.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the aircraft-family concept registered as vr.tr.north-american-p-51-mustang in PHY / PHY.OBJ and the Mustang-specific distinctions needed to interpret individual examples; it adds to the aircraft concept, while the animal named mustang is a lexical neighbour rather than a parent.", "in_scope": [ "P-51 family identity, variant designations, production blocks and documented designation changes", "Variant-dependent airframe, engine, propeller, cooling and fuel configurations", "Configuration-specific dimensions, performance evidence and operating limitations", "Historical role equipment and subsequent civilian alterations", "Mustang-specific evidence requirements for restoration, condition assessment and permitted use" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Mustang horses and other products sharing the Mustang name", "General aircraft principles already owned by an aircraft model", "Individual aircraft ownership, registration and maintenance records except as linked evidence", "Standalone models of engines, propellers, weapons and aviation fuels", "Military campaigns, pilot biographies and combat tactics", "Replicas, scale models and separately identified derivative aircraft as independent kinds" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require aircraft designation and manufacturing evidence identifying the North American Mustang lineage; the word Mustang alone cannot establish membership.", "Resolve the variant before using engine identity: the P-51A used an Allison engine, while production P-51B/C aircraft used Merlin engines. [USAF museum](https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196263/north-american-p-51d-mustang/)", "Treat the P-51D's bubble canopy as a variant clue rather than a requirement for every Mustang. [USAF museum](https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196263/north-american-p-51d-mustang/)", "Recognise documented F-51 redesignation as continuity of Mustang identity, rather than automatically creating a separate aircraft family. [USAF museum](https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196263/north-american-p-51d-mustang/)", "Separate manufacturing identity from painted identity: a surviving Mustang can depict another aircraft, as the USAF museum's example does. [USAF museum](https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196263/north-american-p-51d-mustang/)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Variant and production block", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Documented designation, block and manufacturing suffix; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines which drawings, equipment descriptions and limitations apply." }, { "name": "Identity evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to manufacturer number, military serial, civil registration and supporting records", "why_it_matters": "Connects an example to the family without treating paintwork or a nickname as proof." }, { "name": "Installed propulsion configuration", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Engine model, supercharger configuration, propeller model and modification authority", "why_it_matters": "Prevents applying performance or servicing information from a different Mustang configuration." }, { "name": "Dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Wingspan, length and height in m, with variant and measurement configuration", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification, storage and transport planning without assigning one variant's dimensions to the family." }, { "name": "Mass and balance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass in kg; centre of gravity in mm from a stated datum or percent mean aerodynamic chord", "why_it_matters": "Relates installed equipment and fuel loading to the applicable operating envelope." }, { "name": "Fuel installation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Installed and usable capacity by tank in L; fuel specification recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes internal and external tank configurations and supports configuration-specific endurance assessment." }, { "name": "Performance evidence", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Speed in knots, altitude in m, range in km and endurance in h, with test conditions", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a historical maximum or an unspecified range figure from becoming a present operating limit." }, { "name": "Equipment configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Documented canopy, seating, cameras, armament, external stores and civilian modifications", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes factory configuration, historical role and current installation." }, { "name": "Physical condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed; conserved display; restoration underway; inspected, with findings and date", "why_it_matters": "Records what examination supports without equating appearance with readiness to fly." }, { "name": "Operating authority", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Jurisdiction, certificate or permit, limitations, applicable manuals and dated approvals", "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about the specific aircraft's proposed activity." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a claimed Mustang using designation, configuration and identity evidence.", "Select technical references applicable to the documented variant and installed equipment.", "Compare performance claims only after aligning configuration and test conditions.", "Identify gaps or contradictions in restoration provenance and represented historical identity.", "Flag configuration changes or unresolved defects for qualified technical assessment.", "Determine which documentary and condition checks remain before exhibition, transport, maintenance or flight." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "mustang-family-identity", "name": "Mustang family identity", "description": "Establish membership in the registered aircraft family and resolve names without creating duplicate concepts.", "rationale": "Mustang naming spans variant designations, service designations and painted identities.", "layers": [ { "id": "designation-and-boundaries", "name": "Designation and boundaries", "description": "Separate family membership from shared names and related designs.", "findings": [ { "id": "designation-crosswalk", "name": "Designation crosswalk", "description": "Record designation equivalences only with supporting documentation, keeping uncertain derivative relationships explicit.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which manufacturer and service designations refer to variants within this registered Mustang family?", "kind": "definition", "id": "designation-crosswalk-q01" }, { "text": "How should A-36, F-6, licensed production and later derivatives be related without duplicating existing registry concepts?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "designation-crosswalk-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "airframe-and-represented-identity", "name": "Airframe and represented identity", "description": "Distinguish the surviving airframe from the aircraft its markings portray.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-continuity", "name": "Identity continuity", "description": "Require a traceable relationship among construction records, serials, rebuild history and display markings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which records connect the airframe's manufacturer number, service serials and current registration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identity-continuity-q01" }, { "text": "Does its paint scheme represent its own documented service identity or another Mustang?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identity-continuity-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "variant-and-installed-configuration", "name": "Variant and installed configuration", "description": "Describe the Mustang configuration against which observations and technical documents must be interpreted.", "rationale": "Family membership alone does not establish engine, canopy, structural detail or equipment compatibility.", "layers": [ { "id": "airframe-configuration", "name": "Airframe configuration", "description": "Resolve production configuration and subsequent structural alterations.", "findings": [ { "id": "configuration-baseline", "name": "Configuration baseline", "description": "Compare observed wing, fuselage, canopy, seating and landing gear details against the applicable production records.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which drawings establish the baseline geometry and structural details for this Mustang variant and block?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "configuration-baseline-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed differences are documented modifications, restoration substitutions or unresolved discrepancies?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "configuration-baseline-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "propulsion-and-cooling", "name": "Propulsion and cooling", "description": "Connect the installed engine and propeller to their supporting systems.", "findings": [ { "id": "powerplant-installation-match", "name": "Powerplant installation match", "description": "Treat engine, propeller, induction, coolant and oil installations as a documented combination rather than assuming compatibility from the Mustang name.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which engine, propeller and supporting-system configurations are documented for the installed combination?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "powerplant-installation-match-q01" }, { "text": "Which applicable references specify power ratings, temperature limits and approved fuel, oil and coolant?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "powerplant-installation-match-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "fuel-loading-and-flight-envelope", "name": "Fuel, loading and flight envelope", "description": "Make Mustang performance and operating constraints conditional on configuration and loading.", "rationale": "An agent must not use a family-level performance figure to judge a particular aircraft's capability.", "layers": [ { "id": "tank-and-balance-configuration", "name": "Tank and balance configuration", "description": "Describe installed tanks and their relationship to aircraft loading.", "findings": [ { "id": "fuel-dependent-loading", "name": "Fuel-dependent loading", "description": "Record tank locations, usable quantities and the balance evidence applicable to the selected Mustang configuration.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which wing, fuselage or external tanks are installed, and what usable quantities are documented for each?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "fuel-dependent-loading-q01" }, { "text": "What approved loading restrictions apply as fuel quantity changes in this installation?", "kind": "action", "id": "fuel-dependent-loading-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conditional-performance", "name": "Conditional performance", "description": "Separate reported capability from authorised limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "performance-applicability", "name": "Performance applicability", "description": "Attach variant, loading, altitude, power setting and source conditions to every speed, climb, range or endurance claim.", "questions": [ { "text": "Under what configuration and test conditions was each quoted Mustang performance value obtained?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "performance-applicability-q01" }, { "text": "Which current manual or approved supplement establishes limits for the aircraft being assessed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "performance-applicability-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "role-equipment-and-conversions", "name": "Role equipment and conversions", "description": "Separate historical Mustang roles from installed equipment and later alterations.", "rationale": "The Mustang served in escort, fighter-bomber and reconnaissance roles, requiring configuration-aware interpretation. [USAF museum](https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196263/north-american-p-51d-mustang/)", "layers": [ { "id": "historical-role-fit", "name": "Historical role fit", "description": "Connect claimed role to equipment and dated evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-equipment-evidence", "name": "Role equipment evidence", "description": "Distinguish equipment documented for a variant from equipment proven installed on an individual aircraft.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which records establish camera, armament, sighting or external-store equipment for the claimed role and period?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "role-equipment-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which present fittings are original, restored, inert representations or absent?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "role-equipment-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "post-service-alterations", "name": "Post-service alterations", "description": "Track departures from the historical baseline in surviving Mustangs.", "findings": [ { "id": "conversion-effects", "name": "Conversion effects", "description": "Record documented changes to seating, avionics, equipment and performance configuration together with their technical consequences.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence documents any added seat, modern avionics, equipment removal or racing modification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "conversion-effects-q01" }, { "text": "Which alterations require revised balance data, operating limitations or restoration interpretation?", "kind": "action", "id": "conversion-effects-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "continued-condition-and-use", "name": "Continued condition and use", "description": "Connect the evidence needed to preserve or operate a surviving Mustang with its actual condition and authority.", "rationale": "Historical authenticity, mechanical condition and permission to fly require separate evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "restoration-and-maintenance-evidence", "name": "Restoration and maintenance evidence", "description": "Assess the documented condition of the airframe and its installed systems.", "findings": [ { "id": "inspection-and-parts-traceability", "name": "Inspection and parts traceability", "description": "Identify applicable inspection requirements and trace replacement parts through the aircraft's restoration and maintenance history.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which applicable instructions address wing and attachment integrity, corrosion, landing gear condition and engine or cooling-system deterioration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "inspection-and-parts-traceability-q01" }, { "text": "Which inspections, component-life records or replacement-part approvals remain unresolved before the proposed use?", "kind": "action", "id": "inspection-and-parts-traceability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "authority-for-proposed-use", "name": "Authority for proposed use", "description": "Determine the documentary basis for a specific activity in the relevant jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "certificate-and-limitations", "name": "Certificate and limitations", "description": "Record the actual certificate and limitations rather than infer them from former military status; FAA special certificates distinguish limited and experimental categories. [FAA](https://www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_cert/aw_cert/special_aw_certificates)", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority, certificate or permit and operating limitations govern this Mustang in its current jurisdiction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "certificate-and-limitations-q01" }, { "text": "Do the aircraft's documented condition, configuration and permissions support the proposed display, ground operation or flight?", "kind": "action", "id": "certificate-and-limitations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, not source-checked research.", "Dimensions and speed refer approximately to the P-51D; performance depends on altitude, engine rating, loading, and external stores.", "Researchers should verify detailed variant mappings and individual-aircraft regulatory requirements before applying them." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "P-51 and Mustang Mk I: early Allison-powered versions", "P-51A: later Allison-powered fighter", "P-51B/C: Merlin-powered fighters with raised rear fuselage", "P-51D/K: Merlin-powered fighters with bubble canopy", "P-51H: substantially lightened late-war fighter", "F-6: photographic reconnaissance versions" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "US military aircraft designation", "value_or_pattern": "P-51 followed by a variant letter and, where specified, production-block and manufacturer suffixes", "note": "Identifies a design or production variant; military serial numbers identify individual aircraft." }, { "scheme": "US Air Force aircraft designation", "value_or_pattern": "F-51", "note": "The Mustang was redesignated from P-51 to F-51 in 1948." }, { "scheme": "British service designation", "value_or_pattern": "Mustang Mk I, IA, II, III, IV, IVA", "note": "British marks distinguish versions and do not simply reproduce American variant letters." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Long-range bomber escort, particularly over Europe during the Second World War", "Air superiority and fighter interception", "Ground attack, including service during the Korean War", "Tactical photographic reconnaissance", "Preserved aircraft operation at air displays and in air racing" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "P-51D wingspan", "typical_range": "Approximately 11.28", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "P-51D overall length", "typical_range": "Approximately 9.83", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "P-51D maximum speed at altitude", "typical_range": "Approximately 700", "unit": "km/h" }, { "quantity": "P-51D engine displacement", "typical_range": "Approximately 27", "unit": "L" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Loss of coolant or radiator damage can cause overheating and engine failure.", "Fuel exhaustion, interrupted fuel supply, or incorrect fuel-system management can stop the engine.", "High power and low airspeed require careful control of propeller torque and associated yaw.", "Tailwheel landing gear creates directional-control and ground-loop hazards during ground operations.", "Aging structures, fatigue, and corrosion require inspection appropriate to each surviving aircraft." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "British service used Mustang mark designations; American service used P-51 and subsequently F-51.", "Australian Mustangs included aircraft manufactured locally by the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation.", "Airworthiness requirements for surviving civilian aircraft depend on the country of registration and the individual aircraft's certification status." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "mustang", "difference": "A mustang is a free-roaming horse; the aircraft uses the name and is not a narrower biological kind of mustang." }, { "name": "North American A-36 Apache", "difference": "A closely related Allison-powered attack and dive-bombing derivative with dive brakes and a separate military designation." }, { "name": "North American F-82 Twin Mustang", "difference": "A distinct twin-fuselage, twin-engine aircraft developed from the Mustang lineage." }, { "name": "Individual preserved P-51 aircraft", "difference": "An individual airframe has its own serial number, modifications, maintenance history, and airworthiness status; this entry describes the aircraft family." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of North American P-51 Mustang this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this aircraft family, requiring this registry entry to link to it?", "What authoritative designation crosswalk settles the treatment of A-36, F-6, British designations, licensed production and later derivatives within existing registry boundaries?", "Which original manuals and approved supplements provide variant-specific dimensions, capacities, performance conditions and operating limitations?", "Which inspection requirements, recurring defects and component-life constraints are supported by applicable Mustang maintenance documents?", "What evidence threshold should distinguish an original surviving airframe, a substantially reconstructed Mustang and a replica when identity records or major structures have been replaced?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "unclassified", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a North American P-51 Mustang, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify the North American P-51 Mustang aircraft family, distinguish its configurations, assess evidence about an example's condition, and determine which uses require further technical or regulatory verification.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: North American F-82 Twin Mustang, F-82H Twin Mustang, P-82B Twin Mustang, P-82C Twin Mustang, P-82D Twin Mustang, XP-82A Twin Mustang, F-82G Twin Mustang, F-82E Twin Mustang, XP-82 Twin Mustang, F-82F Twin Mustang, A-36 Mustang, A-36A Apache.", "41 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a North American P-51 Mustang, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form and material. The registry holds no appearance data, so what a North American P-51 Mustang looks like has to come from research." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "North American F-82 Twin Mustang", "F-82H Twin Mustang", "P-82B Twin Mustang", "P-82C Twin Mustang", "P-82D Twin Mustang", "XP-82A Twin Mustang", "F-82G Twin Mustang", "F-82E Twin Mustang", "XP-82 Twin Mustang", "F-82F Twin Mustang", "A-36 Mustang", "A-36A Apache" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 41 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one North American P-51 Mustang from another, and a North American P-51 Mustang from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a North American P-51 Mustang sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a North American P-51 Mustang from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a North American P-51 Mustang is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a North American P-51 Mustang is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a North American P-51 Mustang is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a North American P-51 Mustang is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a North American P-51 Mustang is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a North American P-51 Mustang is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a North American P-51 Mustang passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a North American P-51 Mustang between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a North American P-51 Mustang, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a North American P-51 Mustang is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a North American P-51 Mustang and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a North American P-51 Mustang is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a North American P-51 Mustang performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a North American P-51 Mustang.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a North American P-51 Mustang at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a North American P-51 Mustang came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a North American P-51 Mustang and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a North American P-51 Mustang is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a North American P-51 Mustang, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a North American P-51 Mustang, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a North American P-51 Mustang is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 13, "findings": 15, "questions": 45 } } } }