{ "model": { "rank": 4388, "code": "thing-q192309", "model_id": "vr.tr.tinnitus", "name": "tinnitus", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise and describe a person's tinnitus experience, track its impact and uncertainty, and support appropriate assessment and management decisions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q192309/", "tier": 2, "score": 76, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 76, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.tinnitus", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q192309", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192309", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:06:34Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c6-98a5-7373-9f47-4c7f32b7cc9a\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: tinnitus\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.STA\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 60.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c6-9893-7920-ae53-f4f6a882e5f3\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: tinnitus\nRegistry id: vr.tr.tinnitus\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.STA\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q192309", "registryId": "vr.tr.tinnitus", "name": "tinnitus", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q192309/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.tinnitus", "name": "tinnitus", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise and describe a person's tinnitus experience, track its impact and uncertainty, and support appropriate assessment and management decisions.", "definition": "Tinnitus is the perception of sound without a corresponding external acoustic source, typically experienced as ringing, buzzing, hissing or other sounds in one or both ears or within the head.", "scope_statement": "This model owns tinnitus as an experienced auditory percept reported without a corresponding external sound source, including its course, burden, assessment status and management history; it preserves the distinction between the percept, any underlying condition and the person's response.", "in_scope": [ "The reported sound percept, its location, temporal pattern and circumstances", "Distinctions between subjective tinnitus, suspected bodily sound sources and other auditory experiences", "Onset, persistence, fluctuations and associated symptoms", "Effects on sleep, concentration, communication, participation and emotional wellbeing", "Assessment evidence, unresolved explanations and management outcomes" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete models of hearing loss, ear disease, vascular conditions or neurological disorders", "External environmental noise and its source investigation", "Auditory hallucinations beyond the boundary assessment needed to characterise the reported experience", "General psychiatric diagnoses or sleep disorders", "Hearing-device engineering, drug prescribing and procedural treatment protocols" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Determine whether the reported sound has a corresponding external source; an unnoticed environmental sound is not established as tinnitus merely because others do not hear it.", "Record whether the experience is ringing, buzzing, hissing, clicking or another sound; the word 'ringing' alone must not define eligibility.", "Distinguish an elementary sound percept from intelligible speech or music, leaving uncertain or mixed experiences open to further assessment.", "Separate sound presence from sound intolerance: discomfort caused by actual sounds does not by itself establish tinnitus.", "Test whether a rhythmic percept follows the heartbeat, and distinguish patient-reported synchrony from an examiner's detection of a bodily sound." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Evidence and assessment status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "self-reported; clinically characterised; uncertain; alternative explanation documented", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an experience report from being mistaken for a confirmed cause or completed assessment." }, { "name": "Perceived sound qualities", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "person's description; tonal, noise-like, clicking, mixed or other; single or multiple percepts", "why_it_matters": "Preserves the actual experience without restricting tinnitus to ringing." }, { "name": "Perceived location", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "left ear; right ear; both ears; within head; other; uncertain", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison over time and context-sensitive assessment." }, { "name": "Temporal course", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "onset date or estimate; episode duration; frequency; continuous or intermittent; stable, improving or worsening", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes recent change, recurrent episodes and persistent experience without imposing an unexplained duration threshold." }, { "name": "Heartbeat synchrony", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "reported synchronous; reported nonsynchronous; uncertain; not assessed; independently assessed with method", "why_it_matters": "Preserves an assessment-relevant distinction without equating all rhythmic sounds with pulsatile tinnitus." }, { "name": "Perceived loudness", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "named self-rating scale and anchors; optional loudness match with method and dB reference", "why_it_matters": "Allows interpretable tracking while keeping subjective ratings separate from acoustic matching." }, { "name": "Functional burden", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "domain-specific reports; named questionnaire, version, score range and assessment date", "why_it_matters": "Captures disability and distress that cannot be inferred from loudness alone." }, { "name": "Associated findings and candidate contributors", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "linked symptoms, hearing assessments, exposures, conditions or medicines; timing, evidence source and causal confidence", "why_it_matters": "Keeps temporal associations and hypotheses distinct from established explanations." }, { "name": "Modulation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "reported change with ambient sound, jaw or neck movement, posture, activity or other context; direction and repeatability", "why_it_matters": "Documents reproducible patterns without treating modulation as proof of cause." }, { "name": "Management response", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "approach, target outcome, dates, adherence, benefit, adverse effects and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes changes in percept, distress and functioning." } ], "affordances": [ "Elicit a structured account of the tinnitus percept while retaining the person's own wording.", "Compare repeated observations using consistent scales and recording contexts.", "Identify missing assessment information and route concerns through a current, locally applicable clinical pathway.", "Separate candidate causes, associated conditions and unsupported causal claims.", "Support shared selection and review of management goals without autonomously diagnosing or prescribing.", "Prepare a concise assessment summary that distinguishes reported experience, measured findings and unresolved questions." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "percept-and-boundaries", "name": "Percept and boundaries", "description": "Establish what the person hears and whether tinnitus is an appropriate description.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish the experienced sound from external noise and neighbouring auditory phenomena.", "layers": [ { "id": "sound-description", "name": "Sound description", "description": "Capture the percept without forcing it into a single conventional label.", "findings": [ { "id": "percept-profile", "name": "Percept profile", "description": "Record sound quality, perceived location and whether distinct sounds coexist.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does the person describe the sound, and are there several distinguishable percepts?", "kind": "definition", "id": "percept-profile-q01" }, { "text": "Where is each sound perceived, and does its location change?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "percept-profile-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "auditory-boundary-assessment", "name": "Auditory boundary assessment", "description": "Record evidence for and against alternative descriptions of the experience.", "findings": [ { "id": "source-and-experience-distinction", "name": "Source and experience distinction", "description": "Separate external sound, suspected bodily sound, sound intolerance and speech- or music-like experiences.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence distinguishes this experience from an external sound or discomfort elicited by actual sounds?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "source-and-experience-distinction-q01" }, { "text": "Does it include intelligible speech or music, or an examiner-detectable sound, and how was that established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "source-and-experience-distinction-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course-and-modulation", "name": "Course and modulation", "description": "Describe onset, recurrence and changes across time and circumstances.", "rationale": "A single tinnitus label obscures meaningful differences between episodes, persistent symptoms and new changes.", "layers": [ { "id": "onset-and-trajectory", "name": "Onset and trajectory", "description": "Anchor the experience to a timeline with explicit uncertainty.", "findings": [ { "id": "episode-history", "name": "Episode history", "description": "Record first awareness, onset pattern, continuity and subsequent trajectory.", "questions": [ { "text": "When was the sound first noticed, how suddenly did it begin, and how certain is that history?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "episode-history-q01" }, { "text": "How long do episodes last, how often do they occur, and what has changed since onset?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "episode-history-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rhythm-and-context", "name": "Rhythm and context", "description": "Characterise rhythmic patterns and reproducible contextual changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "synchrony-and-modifiers", "name": "Synchrony and modifiers", "description": "Keep heartbeat synchrony and contextual modulation as observations rather than causal conclusions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the sound rhythmic, and has synchrony with the heartbeat been reported or assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "synchrony-and-modifiers-q01" }, { "text": "Which sound environments, movements, postures or activities change it, and how repeatable are those changes?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "synchrony-and-modifiers-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "burden-and-personal-goals", "name": "Burden and personal goals", "description": "Represent percept intensity, distress and interference as distinct dimensions.", "rationale": "Management priorities depend on lived impact and cannot be inferred from the apparent loudness of tinnitus.", "layers": [ { "id": "percept-measurement", "name": "Percept measurement", "description": "Make loudness and awareness observations interpretable and comparable.", "findings": [ { "id": "loudness-and-awareness", "name": "Loudness and awareness", "description": "Record rating methods, observation context and optional psychoacoustic measurements separately.", "questions": [ { "text": "How loud or noticeable is the tinnitus using a specified scale, time window and listening context?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "loudness-and-awareness-q01" }, { "text": "If pitch or loudness matching was performed, what method, units and limitations were documented?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "loudness-and-awareness-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-interference", "name": "Life interference", "description": "Capture effects on activities and the outcomes the person values.", "findings": [ { "id": "impact-and-priorities", "name": "Impact and priorities", "description": "Describe sleep, attention, communication, emotional burden and participation without assuming equal impact.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which activities or aspects of wellbeing are affected, and what reports or named measures support that assessment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "impact-and-priorities-q01" }, { "text": "Which concrete improvement would matter most to the person even if the sound remained present?", "kind": "action", "id": "impact-and-priorities-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "assessment-and-explanatory-evidence", "name": "Assessment and explanatory evidence", "description": "Organise associated findings, candidate contributors and assessment needs.", "rationale": "Tinnitus characterisation must support appropriate evaluation while avoiding unsupported attribution to a single cause.", "layers": [ { "id": "associated-findings", "name": "Associated findings", "description": "Link relevant history and examinations with their sources and dates.", "findings": [ { "id": "hearing-and-contributor-evidence", "name": "Hearing and contributor evidence", "description": "Record hearing status, concurrent symptoms and candidate contributors with explicit causal confidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What hearing changes, ear symptoms, balance symptoms or other associated findings were reported or assessed, and when?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "hearing-and-contributor-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What supports each proposed connection to an exposure, condition or medicine beyond its occurrence near tinnitus onset?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "hearing-and-contributor-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assessment-routing", "name": "Assessment routing", "description": "Represent the evidence and current guidance needed to choose a next assessment step.", "findings": [ { "id": "urgency-and-unresolved-assessment", "name": "Urgency and unresolved assessment", "description": "Track assessment-relevant features and immediate wellbeing concerns without embedding an unverified triage rule.", "questions": [ { "text": "Have sudden hearing changes, unilateral symptoms, heartbeat synchrony, neurological symptoms and severe distress or self-harm concerns been assessed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "urgency-and-unresolved-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Which current local guideline determines the appropriate timing and destination of assessment for the recorded features?", "kind": "action", "id": "urgency-and-unresolved-assessment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "management-and-follow-up", "name": "Management and follow-up", "description": "Connect individual goals, management choices and observed outcomes.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish relief of distress or interference from reduction of the sound and account for uncertain benefit.", "layers": [ { "id": "management-selection", "name": "Management selection", "description": "Record the rationale and evidence behind an agreed approach.", "findings": [ { "id": "goal-linked-plan", "name": "Goal-linked plan", "description": "Link each approach to its target, evidence basis, professional involvement and the person's preferences.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the approach intended to address an identified contributor, hearing difficulty, distress, sleep disruption or the percept itself?", "kind": "definition", "id": "goal-linked-plan-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence, clinician advice and personal preferences support this choice, and what uncertainties were discussed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "goal-linked-plan-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "response-and-reassessment", "name": "Response and reassessment", "description": "Evaluate benefit and burden against baseline observations and agreed goals.", "findings": [ { "id": "outcome-review", "name": "Outcome review", "description": "Separate changes in tinnitus perception, functioning and distress while accounting for concurrent changes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What changed in loudness, awareness, distress and daily functioning, using comparable baseline and follow-up observations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "outcome-review-q01" }, { "text": "What adverse effects, lack of benefit or new symptoms justify reviewing the plan or seeking reassessment?", "kind": "action", "id": "outcome-review-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the clinical symptom or condition, not an abstract concept; the supplied domain classification should be reviewed.", "The listed kinds overlap: pulsatile tinnitus is not necessarily objective, and bothersomeness is independent of the sound's mechanism.", "Recalled guideline identifiers, current recommendations and coding details should be verified; definitions of persistent or chronic tinnitus vary between frameworks." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Subjective tinnitus, perceived only by the affected person", "Objective tinnitus, arising from a bodily sound source that may also be detectable by an examiner", "Pulsatile tinnitus, typically perceived in time with the heartbeat", "Non-pulsatile tinnitus", "Bothersome tinnitus", "Non-bothersome tinnitus" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ICD-10", "value_or_pattern": "H93.1", "note": "Tinnitus; national clinical modifications may provide additional codes for laterality." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "NICE guideline NG155, Tinnitus: assessment and management, issued by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence", "Clinical Practice Guideline: Tinnitus, issued by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Clinical assessment distinguishes the perceived sound from its possible underlying causes and evaluates its impact.", "Audiological assessment identifies accompanying hearing loss and informs hearing rehabilitation.", "Patient-reported questionnaires measure functional impact and change during management.", "Cognitive behavioural therapy is used to reduce tinnitus-related distress and interference with daily life.", "Research investigates auditory processing, attention and emotional responses associated with persistent tinnitus." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Tinnitus Handicap Inventory total score", "typical_range": "0-100, the instrument's possible range rather than a typical patient range", "unit": "points" }, { "quantity": "Tinnitus Functional Index total score", "typical_range": "0-100, the instrument's possible range rather than a typical patient range", "unit": "points" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Persistent bothersome tinnitus can disrupt sleep, concentration and daily functioning.", "Severe tinnitus-related distress can coexist with anxiety, depression or suicidal thoughts.", "Attributing all tinnitus to benign hearing loss can overlook an underlying vascular, middle-ear or other disorder.", "Tinnitus accompanying sudden hearing loss can be part of a time-sensitive clinical presentation.", "Perceived loudness alone can underestimate distress and functional impairment." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Diagnostic coding differs between the WHO ICD classification and national clinical modifications.", "Access to audiology, hearing aids and tinnitus-focused psychological care varies between health systems." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Hearing loss", "difference": "Hearing loss reduces the ability to detect or understand external sounds; tinnitus adds a sound percept without a corresponding external source, and either can occur without the other." }, { "name": "Hyperacusis", "difference": "Hyperacusis involves reduced tolerance of external sounds; tinnitus is a sound percept that does not require an external sound." }, { "name": "Misophonia", "difference": "Misophonia involves strong reactions to particular sound triggers or associated stimuli; tinnitus concerns the perception of sound without a corresponding external source." }, { "name": "Auditory hallucination", "difference": "The terminology overlaps broadly, but tinnitus usually denotes relatively simple sounds; voices or structured music generally require a different clinical characterization." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of tinnitus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which consensus definition should govern the boundary between tinnitus, detectable bodily sounds and complex auditory experiences?", "Which duration thresholds and distinctions between tinnitus presence and tinnitus disorder should be adopted, and from which authorities?", "Which measures and meaningful-change thresholds are appropriate across ages, languages and assessment settings?", "Which current jurisdiction-specific pathways should govern urgency, referral and further investigation for different symptom patterns?", "How strong is the evidence for proposed tinnitus subtypes and individual predictors of management response?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a tinnitus, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise and describe a person's tinnitus experience, track its impact and uncertainty, and support appropriate assessment and management decisions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a tinnitus, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one tinnitus from another, and a tinnitus from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a tinnitus sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a tinnitus from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a tinnitus passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a tinnitus between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a tinnitus, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a tinnitus is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What tinnitus is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of tinnitus are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is tinnitus operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of tinnitus and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of tinnitus?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as tinnitus?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a tinnitus came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a tinnitus and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a tinnitus is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a tinnitus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a tinnitus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a tinnitus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }