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Research draft

postcard

vr.tr.postcard · INF.MED

Let an agent explain postcards, relay history, printing methods, postal rules and cultural uses from postal history and collecting sources, describe the named types, handle racist historical postcards factually as documents of racism without reproducing slurs, and distinguish postcards from greeting cards, letters, photographs and postal stationery generally.

Thing Registry Information and virtual systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain postcards, relay history, printing methods, postal rules and cultural uses from postal history and collecting sources, describe the named types, handle racist historical postcards factually as documents of racism without reproducing slurs, and distinguish postcards from greeting cards, letters, photographs and postal stationery generally.

A rectangular card for sending a short message by post without an envelope, often with a picture on one side, introduced as an official plain correspondence card in Austria-Hungary in 1869 and popular as picture postcards from the late 19th century, with forms the registry aliases name such as Japan Post s New Year postcards, nengajo, and summer greeting postcards, hand-coloured and photochrom postcards produced by a colour photolithographic process, German Couleurkarten depicting student fraternity life, and so-called coon cards, racist caricature postcards of Black people common in the United States in the early 20th century, now studied as artefacts of racism; collecting postcards is called deltiology.

What it is for: Sending short messages and images by post.

It can be explain history and printing; relay postal and cultural uses; describe named types; handle racist artefacts factually.

Distinguishing features

No envelope

Picture side

Collectible

Historical documents

What it looks like

A stiff card with an image on one side and space for a message, address and stamp on the other.

Physical character

first official postcard: 1869 year - Austria-Hungary

photochrom process: 1880s note - Switzerland

nengajo lottery: Japan Post New Year cards include lottery numbers note

How it is recognised

Card mailed without an envelope

New Year postcard, Couleurkarten, summer greeting postcard, hand-coloured postcard, racist caricature postcard, photochrom postcard

Greeting cards use envelopes; letters are enclosed; photographs are not mailed as cards; postal stationery includes prepaid items

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

postal stationery

is collected in -

deltiology

includes -

nengajo

is contrasted with -

greeting card

In practice

Families and kinds

picture postcards

real photo postcards

greeting postcards such as nengajo

hand-coloured and photochrom cards

propaganda and caricature postcards

student and fraternity cards

Standards and regulation

UPU and national postal size rules

Copyright in postcard images

Failure modes and hazards

Reproducing racist imagery or slurs without context

Stale postal rates

Misdating printing processes

Also called

Japan Post New Years PostcardCouleurkartenJapan Post Summer Greeting Postcardhand-colored postcardCoon cardPhotochromic postcardchromolithography postcardcollotype postcardintaglio process postcardHand-drawn postcardshand-painted postcardLinocut postcardfieldpost cardLeather postcardsFrench postcardQSL cardFree postcardadvertising postcardPostcards with lyricsWooden postcardPropaganda postcardMoonshine postcardsAirmail postcardrailway postcardvinegar valentinesEaster postcardPostcards of Japanview cardseries of postcardsPHQ cardSanke cardHold-to-light postcardExaggeration Postcardlarge-letter postcardpanoramic postcardMap postcardsPostcards with passepartoutEmbossed postcardshistorical postcardCourt card

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What a postcard is.

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is a postcard, and how does it differ from greeting cards, letters, photographs and postal stationery generally? definition
  2. Is the question about sending, collecting, history or a specific type? boundary

Types

Named types.

Types

Types.

  1. What are nengajo, summer greeting cards, Couleurkarten, hand-coloured and photochrom cards, and racist caricature postcards as historical artefacts? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific type? action
History History.

Sources.

Origins

Origins.

Origins

Origins.

  1. How did the postcard begin in Austria-Hungary and spread? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Printing

Printing methods.

Printing

Printing.

  1. How were hand-colouring and the photochrom process used? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Culture Culture.

Attribution.

Japan

Japanese greeting cards.

Japan

Japan.

  1. How do nengajo and shochu mimai cards work in Japanese custom? provenance
  2. Which entry fits nengajo? action

Racism

Racist ephemera.

Racism

Racism.

  1. How do museums such as the Jim Crow Museum interpret racist postcards, with scholars attributed? provenance
  2. Which entry fits Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia? action
Context Collecting.

Context.

Deltiology

Collecting.

Deltiology

Deltiology.

  1. How do collectors date and value postcards? provenance
  2. Which entry fits deltiology? action

Archives

Historical source.

Archives

Archives.

  1. How do historians use postcards as sources for social history? provenance
  2. Which entry fits ephemera? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should nengajo be a separate entry?
  • How should racist postcards be recorded, for example as racist ephemera?
  • How should postal history sources be linked?