{ "model": { "rank": 4615, "code": "thing-q1932", "model_id": "vr.tr.space-race", "name": "space race", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise and assess a space race by recording how rival actors pursue comparative advantage through space achievements, how success is judged, and which responses are supported by evidence.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q1932/", "tier": 2, "score": 74, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 74, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q1932", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1932", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:37:48Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e3-1228-73d0-aa84-6a2674403b49\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: space race\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regi", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 68.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e3-121c-7621-8884-ec214e6d3875\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: space race\nRegistry id: vr.tr.space-race\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q1932", "registryId": "vr.tr.space-race", "name": "space race", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1932/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.space-race", "name": "space race", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise and assess a space race by recording how rival actors pursue comparative advantage through space achievements, how success is judged, and which responses are supported by evidence.", "definition": "The Space Race was the Cold War competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to demonstrate technological capability, national prestige and strategic strength through achievements in spaceflight, conventionally dated from 1957 to 1975, although its boundaries are debated.", "scope_statement": "This model owns space race as sustained strategic competition conducted through space capabilities and achievements, with the historical United States-Soviet Union competition as its reference case; it records the justification for applying the term to other episodes without treating all space activity as competition.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of rivals, their objectives, and evidence that their space programmes respond to one another", "Contested boundaries, phases, and interpretations of a space-race episode", "Competitive milestones, achievement claims, and criteria used to judge leadership", "Relationships among political commitments, technical capability, resources, and programme decisions", "Prestige, security, scientific, and commercial motives where they shape the competition", "Changes from competition toward coexistence, cooperation, escalation, or termination" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Detailed engineering models of launch vehicles, spacecraft, and ground systems", "Complete operational plans and flight records for individual missions", "General histories of the Cold War or international relations", "Astronomy and planetary science findings independent of competitive use", "Space law and treaty interpretation beyond their recorded effects on the competition", "Routine space commerce or exploration without evidence of sustained rivalry" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "At least two identifiable actors pursue space achievements whose value depends partly on performance relative to one another.", "Evidence links programme choices, deadlines, or public commitments to a rival's actual or anticipated achievements.", "Leadership is claimed through identifiable space capabilities or accomplishments, rather than through national power alone.", "The competition persists across decisions or milestones; an isolated disagreement or simultaneous launch does not establish a race.", "The historical proper-name sense must be distinguished from later uses of 'space race', each of which requires its own actors, objectives, and boundary evidence." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Episode interpretation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Historical United States-Soviet competition; later bounded competition; disputed application", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a familiar historical label from silently determining the meaning of every episode." }, { "name": "Rivalry configuration", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Actor-to-actor competitive relationships, including asymmetric and indirect relationships", "why_it_matters": "Identifies who is racing whom without assuming that all participants recognise the same opponents." }, { "name": "Competitive objective", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Prestige; security; scientific leadership; technological leadership; commercial position; mixed or disputed", "why_it_matters": "Determines which achievements matter to each actor and which responses make sense." }, { "name": "Episode boundary", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Candidate start and end events or dates, with attribution and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Allows alternative periodisations without presenting one interpretation as an uncontested fact." }, { "name": "Milestone standing", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Actor relative to a specified milestone: announced; attempted; claimed achieved; independently corroborated; disputed", "why_it_matters": "Separates competitive rhetoric from demonstrated accomplishment." }, { "name": "Operational capability maturity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Proposed; under development; demonstrated once; repeatable; routinely operational; retired; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a symbolic first from an enduring ability to operate in space." }, { "name": "Commitment-to-performance interval", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Elapsed months or years between a dated commitment and a specified outcome, with unresolved or cancelled outcomes retained", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of deadline pressure and delivery without treating an announcement as an achievement." }, { "name": "Competitive relationship phase", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Emerging; intensifying; sustained; reoriented; mixed competition and cooperation; winding down; ended; disputed", "why_it_matters": "Supports phase assessment while allowing rivalry and cooperation to coexist." } ], "affordances": [ "Assess whether a proposed episode qualifies as a space race and explain the evidence and counterevidence.", "Compare rival achievements against explicit, actor-specific success criteria.", "Trace how a rival's milestone influenced commitments, funding priorities, or programme changes.", "Flag leadership claims that confuse announcements, isolated demonstrations, and sustained capability.", "Identify supported options for continuing, redirecting, or cooperating within a competition.", "Record competing periodisations and unresolved claims without forcing a single winner or end date." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "race-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Race identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes which competitive episode is being modelled and why it qualifies as a space race.", "rationale": "The term can name a historical episode or serve as an interpretive label; those uses require explicit boundaries and evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "historical-sense-and-periodisation", "name": "Historical sense and periodisation", "description": "Records the intended sense, candidate boundaries, and the interpretations supporting them.", "findings": [ { "id": "episode-boundary-claim", "name": "Episode boundary claim", "description": "A proposed start or end is recorded with its author, triggering event, and explanation of what changed competitively.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record cover the historical United States-Soviet Space Race or another explicitly bounded episode?", "kind": "definition", "id": "episode-boundary-claim-q01" }, { "text": "Which sources support each proposed start and end, and what alternative periodisations do they identify?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "episode-boundary-claim-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rivalry-qualification", "name": "Rivalry qualification", "description": "Tests whether space activity constitutes sustained comparative competition.", "findings": [ { "id": "competitive-response-evidence", "name": "Competitive response evidence", "description": "The classification depends on evidence of comparison and response, rather than on simultaneous space activity alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence shows that an actor changed its space objectives or decisions in response to a rival?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "competitive-response-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What would distinguish this episode from parallel exploration, routine market competition, or a single prestige contest?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "competitive-response-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rivals-and-strategic-stakes", "name": "Rivals and strategic stakes", "description": "Connects participating actors to the advantages they seek through space activity.", "rationale": "A race cannot be assessed accurately if actors, decision authority, and competing definitions of success are collapsed together.", "layers": [ { "id": "competitive-actors", "name": "Competitive actors", "description": "Distinguishes strategic rivals from agencies, contractors, allies, and other programme contributors.", "findings": [ { "id": "rival-and-programme-authority", "name": "Rival and programme authority", "description": "Records who sets competitive objectives and how implementing organisations relate to that authority.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which actors set the objectives and control the resources used to compete?", "kind": "definition", "id": "rival-and-programme-authority-q01" }, { "text": "Which agencies, firms, or allies are independent rivals, and which contribute to another actor's programme?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "rival-and-programme-authority-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "space-specific-stakes", "name": "Space-specific stakes", "description": "Records the reasons comparative space performance matters to each actor.", "findings": [ { "id": "stated-and-inferred-objectives", "name": "Stated and inferred objectives", "description": "Separates publicly declared goals, documented internal priorities, and later interpretations of strategic motives.", "questions": [ { "text": "What advantage does each actor seek through launch capability, orbital operations, human flight, or exploration milestones?", "kind": "definition", "id": "stated-and-inferred-objectives-q01" }, { "text": "Which contemporary records support these motives, and which motives remain retrospective interpretations?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "stated-and-inferred-objectives-q02" }, { "text": "Would achieving one actor's objective count as success under its rival's criteria?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "stated-and-inferred-objectives-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "milestones-and-leadership-claims", "name": "Milestones and leadership claims", "description": "Makes competitive achievements comparable without assuming that every first has equal significance.", "rationale": "Judgements about leadership or victory depend on selected milestones, verification standards, and the audiences making those judgements.", "layers": [ { "id": "achievement-definition-and-verification", "name": "Achievement definition and verification", "description": "Defines milestone success and distinguishes attempts, claims, and corroborated outcomes.", "findings": [ { "id": "milestone-success-conditions", "name": "Milestone success conditions", "description": "An achievement claim must specify what was accomplished and which conditions count as completion.", "questions": [ { "text": "What precisely counts as achieving this milestone, such as reaching orbit, completing a landing, or returning a crew safely?", "kind": "definition", "id": "milestone-success-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "What mission records or independent observations corroborate the claim, and what remains disputed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "milestone-success-conditions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "comparative-standing-and-audiences", "name": "Comparative standing and audiences", "description": "Relates achieved milestones to attributed judgements of leadership, prestige, and victory.", "findings": [ { "id": "leadership-judgement", "name": "Leadership judgement", "description": "A leadership judgement identifies its evaluator, period, criteria, and treatment of conflicting achievements.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who judged an actor to be ahead, and which space achievements carried weight in that judgement?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "leadership-judgement-q01" }, { "text": "How does the comparison change when prioritising first achievements, reliability, scientific return, or sustained operations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "leadership-judgement-q02" }, { "text": "Does a claimed victory concern one milestone, a programme objective, or the entire competitive episode?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "leadership-judgement-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "programme-capacity-and-race-pressure", "name": "Programme capacity and race pressure", "description": "Connects competitive commitments to demonstrated space capability and the consequences of accelerated delivery.", "rationale": "A race model must explain whether actors can sustain their commitments and whether rivalry changes technical or organisational decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "commitments-and-delivery-capacity", "name": "Commitments and delivery capacity", "description": "Assesses the relationship between announced goals, available resources, and repeatable capability.", "findings": [ { "id": "commitment-capability-gap", "name": "Commitment-capability gap", "description": "Records what remains between a competitive promise and demonstrated delivery, including relevant resource constraints.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which launch, spacecraft, tracking, recovery, or production capabilities remain necessary to meet the commitment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "commitment-capability-gap-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports the proposed schedule and resources, and are comparisons between rivals made on compatible terms?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "commitment-capability-gap-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deadline-pressure-and-tradeoffs", "name": "Deadline pressure and tradeoffs", "description": "Examines whether competitive urgency affects mission selection, testing, safety decisions, or programme sustainability.", "findings": [ { "id": "rivalry-linked-programme-decision", "name": "Rivalry-linked programme decision", "description": "Attributes a programme tradeoff to race pressure only when the causal link has supporting evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which records connect a shortened schedule, mission change, or accepted risk to beating a rival?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "rivalry-linked-programme-decision-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence would justify revising a competitive deadline or changing the mission while preserving the actor's stated objective?", "kind": "action", "id": "rivalry-linked-programme-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "competitive-dynamics-and-exit", "name": "Competitive dynamics and exit", "description": "Tracks reactions to achievements and the conditions under which a space race changes direction or ends.", "rationale": "An isolated timeline of firsts cannot explain reciprocal behaviour, coexistence with cooperation, or a defensible end state.", "layers": [ { "id": "milestone-response-sequences", "name": "Milestone response sequences", "description": "Connects a rival's achievement or setback to subsequent strategic choices while preserving causal uncertainty.", "findings": [ { "id": "response-pathway", "name": "Response pathway", "description": "Records whether an actor imitates, accelerates, changes the competitive objective, or declines to respond.", "questions": [ { "text": "What decision followed the rival's milestone, and what evidence shows that the milestone influenced it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "response-pathway-q01" }, { "text": "Which responses are feasible given the actor's demonstrated capabilities, commitments, and stated objectives?", "kind": "action", "id": "response-pathway-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cooperation-and-termination", "name": "Cooperation and termination", "description": "Distinguishes limited cooperation, changing competitive arenas, and cessation of the race.", "findings": [ { "id": "competitive-phase-transition", "name": "Competitive phase transition", "description": "A transition claim specifies which competitive behaviours ceased, persisted, or moved into another arena.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does a cooperative mission or agreement reduce rivalry, coexist with it, or merely change its form?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "competitive-phase-transition-q01" }, { "text": "What observable commitments or programme changes support declaring the race ended rather than paused or redirected?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "competitive-phase-transition-q02" }, { "text": "Which shared space objectives could support cooperation under the actors' documented constraints?", "kind": "action", "id": "competitive-phase-transition-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the historical US-Soviet Space Race; the registry supplies no sense distinguishing it from generic or contemporary uses.", "The start and end are interpretive: 1957 and the 1975 Apollo-Soyuz mission are conventional markers, while some accounts emphasize earlier origins or the 1969 lunar landing as the decisive endpoint.", "These statements are recalled knowledge, not findings checked against sources for this response." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The 1967 Outer Space Treaty, developed through the United Nations, established international legal principles governing space activities, including prohibitions on placing nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction in orbit." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "A historical framework for studying Cold War competition through satellite launches, human spaceflight and lunar exploration.", "A case study in state funding of large scientific and engineering programmes.", "An example of technological achievements used for diplomacy, propaganda and national prestige.", "A framework for examining connections between military missile development and civilian launch capabilities." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Conventionally assigned historical span", "typical_range": "1957-1975", "unit": "calendar year" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Launch and spacecraft failures could kill crews and ground personnel.", "Political deadlines could pressure programme managers to accept inadequately understood technical risks.", "Secrecy and propaganda could conceal failures and distort public assessments of capability.", "The overlap between launch vehicles and ballistic missile technology intensified strategic suspicion.", "Treating the competition as a single scoreboard can obscure differing objectives and contributions beyond the two superpowers." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United States narratives commonly emphasize the Apollo lunar landings, especially Apollo 11 in 1969.", "Soviet and Russian narratives commonly emphasize early achievements, including Sputnik 1 in 1957 and Yuri Gagarin's orbital flight in 1961.", "Accounts from outside the two superpowers may give greater attention to allied participation, tracking infrastructure and the competition's wider political effects." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "space exploration", "difference": "Space exploration includes scientific investigation beyond Earth regardless of whether it serves competition between states." }, { "name": "Space Age", "difference": "The Space Age is the broader era beginning with artificial satellites and continuing beyond the historical US-Soviet competition." }, { "name": "arms race", "difference": "An arms race concerns competing military capabilities; the Space Race also included civilian, scientific and symbolic achievements." }, { "name": "Apollo programme", "difference": "Apollo was a specific United States programme and one component of the wider competition." }, { "name": "contemporary space competition", "difference": "Later competition involving additional states and commercial firms is sometimes called a new space race but is distinct from the historical Cold War event." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of space race this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.space-race denote only the historical United States-Soviet Space Race, or a general class of competitive space episodes?", "Which historical periodisations should be represented, and what evidence supports their different start and end boundaries?", "How strongly must reciprocal influence be demonstrated before parallel national or commercial programmes qualify as a space race?", "Which leadership judgements can be supported by contemporary evidence, and how should conflicting audience assessments be retained?", "How should classified activity, uneven archival access, and incompatible resource accounting limit comparisons of motives, capabilities, and competitive intensity?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a space race, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise and assess a space race by recording how rival actors pursue comparative advantage through space achievements, how success is judged, and which responses are supported by evidence.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a space race, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one space race from another, and a space race from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a space race sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a space race from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a space race passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a space race between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a space race, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a space race is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a space race proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a space race, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a space race and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a space race consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a space race takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What space race is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of space race are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is space race operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of space race and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of space race?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as space race?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a space race came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a space race and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a space race is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a space race, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a space race, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a space race is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }