{ "model": { "rank": 6287, "code": "thing-q194297", "model_id": "vr.tr.guinness", "name": "Guinness", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a physical Guinness beverage, assess its condition and readiness for service, and determine appropriate storage, dispensing and use.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q194297/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q194297", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194297", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:38:06Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00429216, "turns": 1, "seconds": 59.4, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 79.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c14-074b-7860-b31f-0e988135982c\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Guinness\nRegistry id: vr.tr.guinness\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q194297", "registryId": "vr.tr.guinness", "name": "Guinness", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q194297/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.guinness", "name": "Guinness", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a physical Guinness beverage, assess its condition and readiness for service, and determine appropriate storage, dispensing and use.", "definition": "Guinness is a dry Irish stout, originally brewed in Dublin from roasted barley, malt, hops, water and a nitrogen-carbon dioxide mixed-gas dispense, whose flavour, colour and creamy head are defined by the roast and the gas mix rather than by high alcohol.", "scope_statement": "Provisionally interprets Guinness in PHY.MAT as a physical beverage sold under the Guinness name, owning its product identity, material properties, package-dependent condition and service requirements; the registry must confirm this interpretation.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of the Guinness product, variant, market formulation and physical quantity being assessed", "Composition and declared alcohol content of the identified product", "Condition of Guinness in a sealed container, opened container, keg or served portion", "Storage history, freshness evidence and contamination concerns", "Variant-specific preparation, dispensing and observable service quality" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Guinness as a company, brand asset or intellectual property", "The brewery, its production equipment and organisational operations", "The engineering and maintenance of reusable dispensing equipment", "Retail transactions, pricing and inventory policy", "Consumer medical assessment and jurisdiction-specific alcohol permissions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require Guinness identification supported by the original label, keg identification or traceable dispensing provenance; dark colour and a pale head alone do not establish identity.", "Distinguish the named Guinness product from other Guinness products using its exact designation, declared alcohol content and intended serving format.", "Distinguish the beverage from Guinness-branded merchandise, ingredients or prepared foods by checking what physical material the item actually contains.", "For an unlabelled served portion, distinguish verified Guinness from an unidentified stout through the source container and dispensing chain." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identity confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "verified against source container | supported by supplier evidence | claimed only | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents appearance or branding alone from establishing beverage identity." }, { "name": "Exact product designation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Exact label designation, market and formulation version where available", "why_it_matters": "Guinness-specific handling decisions must attach to the identified product rather than the name alone." }, { "name": "Declared alcohol content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% alcohol by volume, with evidence source", "why_it_matters": "Separates products whose alcohol content changes permissible use and consumer-facing description." }, { "name": "Quantity under assessment", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mL or L", "why_it_matters": "Clarifies whether observations concern a served portion, individual container or remaining keg contents." }, { "name": "Source container", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Identified bottle, can, keg or other verified source", "why_it_matters": "Connects a portion to its product identity, date markings and handling history." }, { "name": "Exposure state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "sealed | opened | connected for dispensing | poured | uncertain", "why_it_matters": "Changes which freshness evidence and handling instructions apply." }, { "name": "Beverage temperature", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "°C, with measurement time and location", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison with verified storage or serving guidance for the exact product." }, { "name": "Elapsed time since opening or dispensing", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "minutes or hours since a specified event; unknown where unrecorded", "why_it_matters": "Makes exposure history explicit when judging whether further service is appropriate." }, { "name": "Observed presentation", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Recorded liquid appearance, head formation, settling behaviour and unexpected odour", "why_it_matters": "Supports variant-specific quality assessment without treating a familiar appearance as proof of identity or safety." } ], "affordances": [ "Verify and describe the exact Guinness product using its source container and supporting records.", "Select storage and opening actions from instructions applicable to that product and package.", "Prepare and dispense a portion using verified requirements for its serving format.", "Assess the served portion against product-specific presentation expectations.", "Hold, reject or route questionable contents for disposal when identity, condition or handling evidence is inadequate." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "diageo-guinness", "title": "Guinness product and brand information", "url": "https://www.guinness.com", "what_it_supports": "Brand identity, draught vs Extra Stout vs 0.0 product lines, Dublin origin and roast-barley character.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wikidata-q372533", "title": "Guinness (Q372533)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372533", "what_it_supports": "Wikidata identifier for the stout brand and brewery product.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "codex-alimentarius-beer", "title": "Codex Alimentarius / national beer compositional and labelling rules (general)", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "That beer/stout is a regulated food, not a unique ISO product class for Guinness as such." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "guinness-product-identity", "name": "Guinness product identity", "description": "Establishes what the registered name denotes in the physical instance being assessed.", "rationale": "The Guinness name alone does not identify a formulation, serving format or traceable beverage.", "layers": [ { "id": "product-designation", "name": "Product designation", "description": "Separates brand recognition from identification of the actual beverage.", "findings": [ { "id": "label-supported-identity", "name": "Label-supported identity", "description": "Record the exact Guinness designation and the evidence supporting it.", "questions": [ { "text": "What exact product name and market information appear on the Guinness source container?", "kind": "definition", "id": "label-supported-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes this beverage from another Guinness product or a different stout?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "label-supported-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "portion-provenance", "name": "Portion provenance", "description": "Connects the assessed liquid to an identifiable source.", "findings": [ { "id": "source-to-portion-link", "name": "Source-to-portion link", "description": "Preserve the identity chain when Guinness leaves its labelled container.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which bottle, can or keg supplied this portion, and how was that link established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "source-to-portion-link-q01" }, { "text": "Has the portion been mixed with another beverage or ingredient so that a prepared-drink model must own the resulting mixture?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "source-to-portion-link-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "guinness-formulation", "name": "Guinness formulation", "description": "Captures the material distinctions needed to use the identified Guinness product correctly.", "rationale": "Alcohol, ingredients and gas-related properties must be established for the actual product rather than inferred from a familiar Guinness presentation.", "layers": [ { "id": "declared-composition", "name": "Declared composition", "description": "Records composition evidence relevant to product description and use.", "findings": [ { "id": "alcohol-and-ingredient-evidence", "name": "Alcohol and ingredient evidence", "description": "Attach alcohol and ingredient declarations to their applicable market and formulation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What alcohol content, ingredients and allergen declarations are documented for this exact product?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "alcohol-and-ingredient-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which label or producer document establishes those declarations for this market and production version?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "alcohol-and-ingredient-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "gas-and-texture", "name": "Gas and texture", "description": "Identifies whether gas delivery is part of the product's intended presentation.", "findings": [ { "id": "variant-specific-gas-behaviour", "name": "Variant-specific gas behaviour", "description": "Record verified gas-related expectations without assuming every Guinness product behaves alike.", "questions": [ { "text": "What carbonation, nitrogen or other gas-related characteristics are documented for this Guinness product?", "kind": "definition", "id": "variant-specific-gas-behaviour-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed texture or head characteristics can be assessed against those documented expectations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "variant-specific-gas-behaviour-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "guinness-package-and-service-format", "name": "Guinness package and service format", "description": "Connects the beverage's container and delivery mechanism to preparation and service.", "rationale": "A serving method appropriate to one Guinness package cannot be assumed appropriate to every package.", "layers": [ { "id": "container-dependent-preparation", "name": "Container-dependent preparation", "description": "Identifies package features that affect how the contents should be opened and served.", "findings": [ { "id": "package-serving-instructions", "name": "Package serving instructions", "description": "Record whether this package has a widget, device dependency or other specified preparation requirement.", "questions": [ { "text": "What serving mechanism or package feature is explicitly identified for this container?", "kind": "definition", "id": "package-serving-instructions-q01" }, { "text": "What opening and pouring sequence does the applicable product guidance require?", "kind": "action", "id": "package-serving-instructions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "draught-service-interface", "name": "Draught service interface", "description": "Owns the beverage's requirements at the dispensing interface when supplied from a keg.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-dispensing-compatibility", "name": "Verified dispensing compatibility", "description": "Connect the kegged product to documented dispensing requirements while leaving equipment engineering to its own model.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dispensing system and operating conditions are specified for this exact kegged Guinness product?", "kind": "definition", "id": "verified-dispensing-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence must be checked before connecting or serving this keg through the available system?", "kind": "action", "id": "verified-dispensing-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "guinness-freshness-and-condition", "name": "Guinness freshness and condition", "description": "Assesses the contents using date markings, exposure history and physical condition.", "rationale": "A recognisable Guinness container or familiar head does not establish that its contents remain suitable for service.", "layers": [ { "id": "freshness-history", "name": "Freshness history", "description": "Interprets the relevant date and storage evidence for the current exposure state.", "findings": [ { "id": "date-and-exposure-evidence", "name": "Date and exposure evidence", "description": "Keep printed dates distinct from opening, keg connection and pouring events.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does the printed date mean for this package, and which source explains its interpretation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "date-and-exposure-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What storage temperatures and elapsed times since opening, connection or pouring are known?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "date-and-exposure-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-based-disposition", "name": "Condition-based disposition", "description": "Determines whether evidence supports service, holding or rejection.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-and-service-decision", "name": "Condition and service decision", "description": "Assess package integrity and abnormal contents separately from expected Guinness presentation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What leakage, seal damage, foreign material or unexpected odour is present, and what remains unobservable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-and-service-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Under applicable handling guidance, do the observations require holding or rejecting the contents?", "kind": "action", "id": "condition-and-service-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "guinness-pour-and-presentation", "name": "Guinness pour and presentation", "description": "Evaluates preparation and the resulting served beverage against expectations for the identified product.", "rationale": "Guinness presentation must be judged against the specific variant and serving method, with quality observations kept distinct from safety conclusions.", "layers": [ { "id": "serving-sequence", "name": "Serving sequence", "description": "Establishes the relevant temperature, vessel and pour procedure.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-pour-procedure", "name": "Applicable pour procedure", "description": "Use a verified procedure rather than applying a familiar Guinness pouring ritual universally.", "questions": [ { "text": "What serving temperature, vessel preparation and pouring stages are documented for this product and package?", "kind": "action", "id": "applicable-pour-procedure-q01" }, { "text": "Does this product require a settling interval, and what observable condition marks readiness if it does?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "applicable-pour-procedure-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "served-quality", "name": "Served quality", "description": "Records the portion's presentation and identifies justified corrective action.", "findings": [ { "id": "presentation-against-product-expectations", "name": "Presentation against product expectations", "description": "Compare observed head, liquid appearance and settling with supported expectations for the identified Guinness product.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do head formation, persistence, liquid appearance and settling compare with the applicable product guidance?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "presentation-against-product-expectations-q01" }, { "text": "Does a presentation defect justify waiting, preparing a fresh portion or investigating the source and dispensing conditions?", "kind": "action", "id": "presentation-against-product-expectations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Draught stout (nitrogenated, typically 4.1-4.3 % ABV)", "Extra Stout / Foreign Extra Stout (higher gravity, often bottled or canned, historically hop-bitter and sometimes tropically conditioned)", "Guinness Original / Extra Smooth and market-specific draught variants", "Nitro cold brew and ready-to-drink flavoured line extensions (non-stout SKUs under the brand)", "0.0 / alcohol-free stout", "Historical export and tropical stouts (e.g. Foreign Extra Stout West Africa, Caribbean)", "Special and limited brews (e.g. Foreign Extra Stout, Special Export, anniversary editions)", "Canned draught with in-can widget (nitrogenated packaged draught)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q372533", "note": "Item for Guinness the stout/brand." }, { "scheme": "GS1 GTIN / EAN-13", "value_or_pattern": "SKU-specific 13-digit codes (e.g. draught can, Extra Stout bottle, 0.0) - not a single code for the kind", "note": "Each pack format and market SKU has its own GTIN; there is no one Guinness GTIN." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "EU Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 - food information to consumers (labelling, allergens such as barley gluten) - European Union", "EU spirit/beer fiscal and compositional rules as implemented nationally (Ireland: Revenue Commissioners beer duty; UK: HMRC beer duty) - national tax authorities", "Codex Alimentarius General Standard for Food Additives and national food-law implementation for beer - FAO/WHO Codex / competent authorities", "Alcohol advertising and health-warning rules (e.g. Irish Public Health (Alcohol) Act 2018) - Ireland", "Voluntary responsible-drinking labelling (e.g. Portman Group / equivalent industry codes) - industry bodies" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Served as draught stout in pubs, typically through a two-part pour with mixed gas (nitrogen-rich) to produce a dense creamy head", "Sold as widget cans and bottles for home consumption", "Used as a culinary ingredient (stews, breads, gravies, desserts) where roast and bitterness contribute flavour", "Consumed as a session beer (draught ~4.2 % ABV) or as a stronger Extra/Foreign Extra Stout in export markets", "Brand used in sponsorship, tourism (Storehouse, Dublin) and licensed merchandising" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Alcohol by volume (draught)", "typical_range": "4.1-4.3", "unit": "% ABV" }, { "quantity": "Alcohol by volume (Extra / Foreign Extra Stout)", "typical_range": "5.6-7.5", "unit": "% ABV" }, { "quantity": "Original gravity / typical draught OG", "typical_range": "about 1.038-1.046", "unit": "specific gravity" }, { "quantity": "Colour (EBC)", "typical_range": "very dark, typically >70-100+", "unit": "EBC" }, { "quantity": "Bitterness", "typical_range": "roughly 35-45 for classic draught character (recipe-dependent)", "unit": "IBU" }, { "quantity": "Serving temperature (draught)", "typical_range": "6-8", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Dispense gas mix (draught nitro)", "typical_range": "typically ~70-75 % N2 / 25-30 % CO2 (system-dependent)", "unit": "% gas by volume" }, { "quantity": "Pack carbonation / nitrogenation (widget can)", "typical_range": "low CO2 plus dissolved N2; widget releases N2 on opening", "unit": "volumes CO2 / dissolved N2" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Stale or oxidised flavour if stored warm, in light, or past best-before; nitrogenated draught is especially sensitive to poor gas mix and dirty lines", "Incorrect pour or wrong gas (100 % CO2) yields a large fizzy head and thin body instead of a creamy collar", "Infection or off-flavours from poorly cleaned draught lines (acetaldehyde, diacetyl, bacterial sourness)", "Gluten from barley - not suitable for people with coeliac disease unless a specifically labelled gluten-free product", "Alcohol-related harm; Extra Stout and Foreign Extra Stout are materially stronger than draught", "Allergen and duty mislabelling risk across SKUs and markets" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Ireland and UK: draught nitro stout is the default 'Guinness'; Extra Stout is a minority bottled product", "West Africa (Nigeria, Ghana, etc.): Foreign Extra Stout is the dominant Guinness, higher ABV, more hop-bitter, often not nitrogenated", "Caribbean and parts of Asia: Foreign Extra Stout / local high-gravity recipes, sometimes with local adjunct or conditioning practice", "North America: draught and widget cans; recipes and ABV have differed from Dublin draught over time", "Alcohol-free 0.0 availability and strength labelling differ by market; some markets historically had slightly different draught ABVs" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Murphy's Irish Stout / Beamish", "difference": "Other Cork dry stouts; typically sweeter or less roast-bitter than Dublin Guinness; brand, yeast and roast bill differ - compare roast intensity, hop bitterness and nitrogen-pour behaviour, not colour alone." }, { "name": "English/oatmeal/milk stouts (e.g. Mackeson, oatmeal stout)", "difference": "Often residual sweetness, lactose or oatmeal body, and CO2 rather than nitro; Guinness draught is dry, roast-forward and nitrogenated." }, { "name": "Porter", "difference": "Historically overlapping; modern porter is usually less roast-harsh, often brown rather than opaque black, and rarely nitro-dispensed as a default." }, { "name": "Irish red ale / other Irish beers", "difference": "Different malt bill and colour; not a roast-barley stout." }, { "name": "Nitro cold brew coffee (Guinness-branded or generic)", "difference": "Not a fermented malt beer; caffeine and no ABV (or separate RTD). Check ingredients: barley malt and hops vs coffee." }, { "name": "Guinness World Records / Arthur Guinness the person / Diageo the company", "difference": "Homonyms: the book, the founder, and the parent company are not the beverage. Wikidata Q372533 is the stout; the records book and the person have different items." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Guinness this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.guinness denote all physical Guinness beverages, a particular stout product, or another material referent?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept, requiring a registry link rather than a separate publication?", "Which product and market distinctions materially change composition, alcohol declarations or handling requirements?", "What authoritative instructions establish storage limits, opened-container or connected-keg service periods, and dispensing procedures for each included format?", "Which observable presentation criteria have producer-supported acceptance limits, and which remain subjective quality judgements?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Guinness, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a physical Guinness beverage, assess its condition and readiness for service, and determine appropriate storage, dispensing and use.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Guinness, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Guinness from another, and a Guinness from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Guinness sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Guinness from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Guinness is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a Guinness is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Guinness is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Guinness is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Guinness is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Guinness is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Guinness passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Guinness between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Guinness, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Guinness is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a Guinness and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a Guinness is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a Guinness performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a Guinness.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a Guinness at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a Guinness there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What Guinness is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name Guinness unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of Guinness exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How Guinness behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of Guinness, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is Guinness incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How Guinness can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is Guinness classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover Guinness, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Guinness came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Guinness and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Guinness is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Guinness, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Guinness, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Guinness is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }