{ "model": { "rank": 4609, "code": "thing-q199714", "model_id": "vr.tr.simile", "name": "simile", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise, interpret and revise similes while preserving their intended comparison, contextual effect and interpretive uncertainty.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q199714/", "tier": 2, "score": 74, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Homeric simile" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 74, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q199714", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199714", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:36:45Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 15.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e2-3b1a-7ef0-9101-c46c16c0458f\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: simile\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 register", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 60.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e2-3b1e-7410-a95b-db5eab20bf84\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: simile\nRegistry id: vr.tr.simile\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext fo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q199714", "registryId": "vr.tr.simile", "name": "simile", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q199714/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.simile", "name": "simile", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise, interpret and revise similes while preserving their intended comparison, contextual effect and interpretive uncertainty.", "definition": "A simile is a figure of speech that explicitly compares one thing with another, commonly using expressions such as \"like\" or \"as\", to highlight a contextually relevant resemblance.", "scope_statement": "This model owns simile as an explicitly signalled figurative comparison in discourse, recording what is compared, the proposed resemblance and how context supports its interpretation; it retains borderline classifications for review.", "in_scope": [ "Individual simile expressions and their boundaries in surrounding discourse", "The target being described, the comparison source and the stated or inferred ground of resemblance", "Linguistic signals and constructions that present the comparison", "Context-dependent interpretations, rhetorical functions and audience assumptions", "Borderlines with literal comparison, metaphor, analogy and idiomatic expressions", "Revision and translation choices that preserve or deliberately change a simile's effect" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Metaphor without an explicitly signalled comparison, except when assessing a boundary case", "Literal comparisons whose purpose is factual similarity or measurement", "Extended analogical arguments and the validity of their conclusions", "Whole-work literary interpretation beyond evidence needed to understand the simile", "General grammatical descriptions of comparison constructions", "Factual properties of the compared entities except where relevant to the proposed resemblance" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A candidate presents one thing through an explicit comparison with another; record the actual signal rather than assuming English 'like' or 'as' is required in every language.", "The comparison supports a figurative characterisation, rather than merely reporting that two entities share a measurable property; ambiguous cases require contextual review.", "The target, comparison source and relevant resemblance can be identified or marked as implicit, unresolved or multiply interpretable.", "The expression invites selective resemblance rather than identity: replacing its comparison with a literal identity claim changes its commitment.", "The presence of a comparison word alone is insufficient: uses such as preference, approximation, quotation or role assignment must be excluded." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Comparison classification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "figurative simile | literal comparison | other construction | disputed", "why_it_matters": "Prevents comparison markers from being treated as automatic evidence of simile." }, { "name": "Comparison participants", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "target expression and referent → comparison-source expression and referent; each may be implicit or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Identifies what receives the characterisation and what supplies it." }, { "name": "Comparison signal", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "recorded lexical, grammatical or discourse signal, with language and construction", "why_it_matters": "Makes recognition depend on the expression's actual form and language." }, { "name": "Ground of resemblance", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "target property or relation ↔ comparison-source property or relation; explicit | inferred | contested", "why_it_matters": "Separates the intended similarity from irrelevant properties of the comparison source." }, { "name": "Textual extent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "token span or spans under a declared tokenisation, including any continuation", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a brief comparison from a developed simile and supports precise annotation." }, { "name": "Conventionality", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "conventional | locally familiar | novel | uncertain, relative to a specified language community and period", "why_it_matters": "Helps assess whether an audience is likely to process the expression as familiar phrasing or a fresh image." }, { "name": "Rhetorical function", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "clarification | imagery | evaluation | humour | intensification | distancing | other; multiple values allowed", "why_it_matters": "Guides interpretation and revision without reducing the simile to shared properties alone." }, { "name": "Interpretation status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "proposed | context-supported | multiply supported | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an inferred reading from being represented as settled authorial intent." } ], "affordances": [ "Locate candidate similes and distinguish them from nonfigurative uses of comparison signals.", "Annotate the target, comparison source, comparison signal and possible grounds of resemblance.", "Explain a simile's likely effect using its surrounding discourse and audience assumptions.", "Compare alternative readings and retain unresolved interpretations.", "Revise or translate a simile while checking changes to imagery, tone and implied properties.", "Flag interpretations that import unsupported properties or mistake figurative resemblance for factual evidence." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "recognition-and-boundaries", "name": "Recognition and boundaries", "description": "Establish whether an expression functions as a simile and identify the passage that belongs to it.", "rationale": "Explicit comparison is a useful recognition cue but does not by itself establish figurative use.", "layers": [ { "id": "comparison-construction", "name": "Comparison construction", "description": "Record the linguistic evidence that a comparison is being presented.", "findings": [ { "id": "signal-and-span", "name": "Signal and span", "description": "Identify the comparison signal and its syntactic reach, including implicit participants and discontinuous text.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which words or grammatical construction explicitly signal comparison in this language?", "kind": "definition", "id": "signal-and-span-q01" }, { "text": "Where does the comparison begin and end, and which surrounding clauses continue it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "signal-and-span-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "figurative-classification", "name": "Figurative classification", "description": "Assess the expression against literal comparison and neighbouring figurative forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-evidence", "name": "Classification evidence", "description": "Record why the comparison is treated as figurative, alongside plausible competing classifications.", "questions": [ { "text": "What contextual evidence makes this a figurative characterisation rather than a literal similarity claim?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "classification-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which classification criterion is being applied, and would another criterion classify this expression differently?", "kind": "definition", "id": "classification-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "participants-and-resemblance", "name": "Participants and resemblance", "description": "Represent the entities compared and the selective correspondence that makes the simile interpretable.", "rationale": "An agent must recover what is being described without transferring every property of the comparison source.", "layers": [ { "id": "participant-resolution", "name": "Participant resolution", "description": "Resolve the target and comparison source within the discourse.", "findings": [ { "id": "target-source-assignment", "name": "Target and comparison-source assignment", "description": "Separate textual expressions from their referents and preserve ambiguity about omitted or underspecified participants.", "questions": [ { "text": "What person, object, event, state or relation is being characterised, and what is it compared with?", "kind": "definition", "id": "target-source-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Which participants are supplied by pronouns, ellipsis or earlier discourse, and what supports their resolution?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "target-source-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "selective-correspondence", "name": "Selective correspondence", "description": "Identify the resemblance invited by the expression and its limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "ground-and-exclusions", "name": "Ground and excluded properties", "description": "Record explicit and inferred grounds separately, together with salient properties that the comparison does not license.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the ground stated, as in 'as cold as ice', or must the reader infer one or more grounds?", "kind": "definition", "id": "ground-and-exclusions-q01" }, { "text": "Which properties of the comparison source would be unjustified to attribute to the target?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "ground-and-exclusions-q02" }, { "text": "What wording or contextual evidence supports each inferred ground?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "ground-and-exclusions-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context-and-rhetorical-effect", "name": "Context and rhetorical effect", "description": "Explain how the simile operates for a particular speaker, audience and discourse setting.", "rationale": "The same comparison can praise, insult, clarify or amuse depending on context and shared associations.", "layers": [ { "id": "discourse-function", "name": "Discourse function", "description": "Connect the comparison to the local communicative act and tone.", "findings": [ { "id": "effect-and-stance", "name": "Effect and stance", "description": "Distinguish the resemblance expressed from the evaluative or emotional stance it may convey.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does this comparison contribute here: an image, explanation, evaluation, exaggeration, joke or another effect?", "kind": "definition", "id": "effect-and-stance-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes a sincere reading from irony, parody or a quoted viewpoint?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "effect-and-stance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "shared-associations", "name": "Shared associations", "description": "Record the audience knowledge and linguistic familiarity needed to interpret the comparison.", "findings": [ { "id": "familiarity-and-cultural-dependence", "name": "Familiarity and cultural dependence", "description": "Treat conventionality and source associations as relative to a community and period, with evidence required for generalisation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cultural, sensory, genre or specialist associations must an audience supply to understand the comparison?", "kind": "definition", "id": "familiarity-and-cultural-dependence-q01" }, { "text": "What attested usage supports calling this simile conventional, idiomatic or novel for the specified audience?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "familiarity-and-cultural-dependence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "interpretation-and-transformation", "name": "Interpretation and transformation", "description": "Support accountable interpretation, revision and translation of a simile.", "rationale": "Useful handling requires an agent to preserve uncertainty and assess how alterations change the comparison's meaning and effect.", "layers": [ { "id": "reading-validation", "name": "Reading validation", "description": "Compare candidate interpretations against the wording and context.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-and-unresolved-readings", "name": "Supported and unresolved readings", "description": "Maintain alternative grounds and effects when the available evidence does not select one reading.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which candidate readings fit both the comparison and the surrounding passage, and what evidence weakens each alternative?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-and-unresolved-readings-q01" }, { "text": "Should the agent present one qualified interpretation, several alternatives or an explicit unresolved reading?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-and-unresolved-readings-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "revision-and-translation", "name": "Revision and translation", "description": "Evaluate changes to wording, comparison source and explicitness against the intended effect.", "findings": [ { "id": "preservation-and-change", "name": "Preservation and change", "description": "Track which aspects of a simile survive a proposed transformation and which are deliberately or inadvertently altered.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which features must the revision preserve: ground, image, intensity, tone, rhythm or cultural association?", "kind": "action", "id": "preservation-and-change-q01" }, { "text": "Does the proposed wording still function as a simile in the receiving language and context?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "preservation-and-change-q02" }, { "text": "What new implications or lost associations result from replacing the comparison source or making the ground explicit?", "kind": "action", "id": "preservation-and-change-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the rhetorical and literary sense of \"simile\"; no registry-specific sense was supplied.", "The boundary between figurative and literal comparison, and the theoretical relationship between simile and metaphor, are disputed.", "The listed kinds are overlapping descriptive categories rather than a universal classification; this account is based on recall rather than checked sources." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of simile this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Conventional simile", "Novel simile", "Extended or epic simile" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of simile this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Poetry and narrative use similes to develop imagery and characterisation.", "Everyday speech uses similes for description, emphasis and humour.", "Teaching uses similes to explain unfamiliar experiences through familiar comparisons.", "Advertising uses similes to make qualities vivid and memorable." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of simile this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "A comparison may fail when the audience does not recognise the intended shared quality.", "Conventional comparisons can become clichés that contribute little descriptive precision.", "A comparison can mislead if readers extend the resemblance beyond the intended feature.", "Automatic identification can mistake literal comparisons or other uses of \"like\" and \"as\" for similes." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of simile this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Languages differ in the grammatical constructions that mark explicit comparison.", "Conventional similes depend on culturally familiar references and may require adaptation in translation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of simile this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "metaphor", "difference": "A simile explicitly presents a resemblance; a metaphor typically describes or frames one thing as another without an explicit comparison construction, although theories differ on their deeper relationship." }, { "name": "literal comparison", "difference": "A literal comparison directly evaluates comparable properties, whereas a simile uses a figurative resemblance for descriptive or expressive effect; explicit comparison words alone do not establish the distinction." }, { "name": "analogy", "difference": "An analogy often maps several relationships to support explanation or inference; a simile can express a single resemblance without developing that mapping." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of simile this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which reference traditions and annotation practices should govern borderline distinctions among simile, literal comparison and explicitly comparative metaphor?", "Which language-specific constructions count as explicit comparison signals, especially where no direct equivalent of English 'like' or 'as' occurs?", "When should a conventional or idiomatic comparison be annotated as an active simile, and what evidence can support that decision?", "How should extended similes with several correspondences be bounded without absorbing the surrounding narrative or an independent analogical argument?", "What evidence is sufficient to distinguish authorial intention, a text-supported interpretation and an audience's reported response?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 14, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a simile, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise, interpret and revise similes while preserving their intended comparison, contextual effect and interpretive uncertainty.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Homeric simile.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a simile, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Homeric simile" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one simile from another, and a simile from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a simile sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a simile from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a simile passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a simile between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a simile, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a simile is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a simile proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a simile, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a simile and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a simile consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a simile takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What simile is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of simile are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is simile operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of simile and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of simile?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as simile?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a simile came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a simile and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a simile is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a simile, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a simile, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a simile is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }