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Research draft

hypocrisy

vr.tr.hypocrisy · XCT.QLT

Let an agent explain hypocrisy, relay philosophical, psychological and religious perspectives from ethics, psychology and religious studies sources with views attributed, describe the named terms, and distinguish hypocrisy from inconsistency, changing one s mind, weakness of will, lying in general and the tu quoque fallacy, without labelling specific people.

Thing Registry Cross-cutting context

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain hypocrisy, relay philosophical, psychological and religious perspectives from ethics, psychology and religious studies sources with views attributed, describe the named terms, and distinguish hypocrisy from inconsistency, changing one s mind, weakness of will, lying in general and the tu quoque fallacy, without labelling specific people.

The practice of claiming or displaying moral standards, beliefs or feelings that one does not actually hold or act upon, from Greek hypokrisis, acting a part on stage, discussed in ethics, psychology and religious traditions, including crocodile tears, a display of insincere sorrow, and in Islamic ethics nifaq, religious hypocrisy of those who outwardly profess faith while concealing disbelief, and riya, performing good deeds to be seen by others, both condemned in the Quran and hadith; social psychologists study moral hypocrisy experimentally, and accusations of hypocrisy are common in political argument, where they can be a fallacy when used to dismiss an argument, known as tu quoque.

What it is for: Understanding a moral attitude.

It can be explain concept and etymology; relay philosophical and psychological research; describe religious terms; distinguish related concepts.

Distinguishing features

Gap between words and deeds

Pretence

Moral condemnation

Used in argument

What it looks like

Not a physical object; seen in behaviour that contradicts professed values.

Physical character

etymology: Greek hypokrisis, stage acting note

moral hypocrisy experiments: Batson and colleagues, from 1997 note - attributed

Quranic chapter: Al-Munafiqun, the Hypocrites note - Surah 63

How it is recognised

Professing values one does not hold or practise

Crocodile tears, nifaq, riya

Inconsistency may be unintentional; changing one s mind is honest revision; weakness of will fails despite sincere belief; lying is broader; tu quoque dismisses arguments

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

attitude

is related to -

tu quoque

includes -

nifaq

is contrasted with -

akrasia

In practice

Families and kinds

moral hypocrisy

religious hypocrisy such as nifaq

ostentation such as riya

insincere emotional displays

political hypocrisy accusations

Standards and regulation

No regulation

Failure modes and hazards

Labelling specific people as hypocrites

Using hypocrisy to dismiss valid arguments

Oversimplifying religious concepts

Also called

crocodile tearsnifakriya

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Also registered as vr.tr.hypocrisy-attribute

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What hypocrisy is.

Attribution.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is hypocrisy, and how does it differ from inconsistency, changing one s mind, weakness of will, lying and tu quoque? definition
  2. Is the question about ethics, religion, psychology or a dispute about a specific person, which the model does not judge? boundary

Terms

Named terms.

Terms

Terms.

  1. What are crocodile tears, nifaq and riya? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific term? action
Philosophy Philosophy.

Attribution.

Ethics

Ethics of hypocrisy.

Ethics

Ethics.

  1. Why do philosophers consider hypocrisy wrong, and is it always a vice, with views attributed? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Fallacy

Tu quoque.

Fallacy

Fallacy.

  1. Why does an accusation of hypocrisy not refute an argument? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Psychology Psychology.

Science.

Moral hypocrisy

Experiments.

Moral hypocrisy

Moral hypocrisy.

  1. What have experiments on moral hypocrisy found, with limits noted? provenance
  2. Which entry fits moral psychology? action

Dissonance

Cognitive dissonance.

Dissonance

Dissonance.

  1. How does the hypocrisy paradigm use cognitive dissonance to change behaviour? provenance
  2. Which entry fits cognitive dissonance? action
Context Religion and culture.

Attribution.

Religion

Religious teachings.

Religion

Religion.

  1. How do Islamic, Christian and other traditions condemn hypocrisy, with interpretations attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral and respectful? boundary

Crocodile tears

Idiom origin.

Crocodile tears

Crocodile tears.

  1. Where does the phrase crocodile tears come from? provenance
  2. Which entry fits crocodile tears syndrome? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should nifaq and riya be separate entries?
  • How should moral psychology research be linked?
  • Should crocodile tears be moved to idiom entries?