{ "model": { "rank": 6107, "code": "thing-q203788", "model_id": "vr.tr.chariot", "name": "chariot", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a chariot, assess its configuration and condition, and determine whether and how it may be displayed, handled, harnessed or operated.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q203788/", "tier": 2, "score": 62, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "biga", "essedum", "Tensa", "quadriga", "kovinas", "Ratha", "temple car", "scythed chariot" ], "aliasCount": 8, "merged": 8, "knownIn": 62, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.chariot", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q203788", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203788", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:35:28Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0405697, "turns": 3, "seconds": 175, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 78.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07ba4-34b9-7f20-ad15-7e6bc0aa0afa\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: chariot\nRegistry id: vr.tr.chariot\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy m" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q203788", "registryId": "vr.tr.chariot", "name": "chariot", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q203788/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.chariot", "name": "chariot", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a chariot, assess its configuration and condition, and determine whether and how it may be displayed, handled, harnessed or operated.", "definition": "A light, open, two-wheeled vehicle with spoked wheels, drawn by two or more horses hitched abreast, carrying a standing driver and often a fighter, used across Eurasia in the second and first millennia BCE for warfare, hunting, racing, and ceremonial display.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the chariot as an individual physical vehicle, including its riding platform, running gear, draught connections, occupant provisions and evidence of configuration; it records interfaces to animals, people and equipment without owning those entities.", "in_scope": [ "Identification as a chariot and differentiation from carts, wagons, carriages and representations", "Platform, body, wheels, axle and their assembled relationships", "Pole or shafts and interfaces to the draught team and harness", "Occupant positions, access, balance and control arrangements", "Surviving fabric, reconstruction, mechanical condition and activity-specific readiness" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Draught-animal identity, health, training and welfare", "Driver and passenger identity, competence and personal equipment", "Complete harness systems as independently managed objects", "Weapons, tactics, races and ceremonies in which the chariot participates", "Roads, tracks, terrain and operating venues as managed places", "Images, miniatures and textual depictions that represent a chariot without being one" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check for a wheeled, animal-drawn riding vehicle whose platform and body provide deliberate occupant stations; cargo space alone does not establish a chariot.", "Examine wheel count, axle arrangement, body proportions and pole or shaft layout together; a two-wheeled configuration alone cannot distinguish a chariot from a cart.", "Look for the relationship between occupant position, driving controls and draught connection, rather than identifying the vehicle from decoration or a historical label alone.", "Distinguish a full-size vehicle or reconstructed vehicle from a depiction or miniature; incompleteness or present inability to roll does not by itself exclude a surviving chariot." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identification basis", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "physical configuration; documented identification; comparative attribution; disputed", "why_it_matters": "Makes the basis for calling the object a chariot explicit." }, { "name": "Wheel and axle configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "record wheel count, axle count and wheel-to-axle arrangement; unknown where unobservable", "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition and determines how rolling and turning must be assessed." }, { "name": "Wheel diameter and track width", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm, with measurement points and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Constrains clearance, handling space and interpretation of vehicle proportions." }, { "name": "Usable platform dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm, distinguishing surviving dimensions from reconstructed estimates", "why_it_matters": "Defines the space available for occupants and their movement." }, { "name": "Occupant arrangement", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "number and positions of intended occupants; standing or seated provisions; unknown or disputed", "why_it_matters": "Connects body design to loading, access and control." }, { "name": "Draught connection", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "pole or shafts linked to documented compatible harness and team arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an assumed match between the vehicle and an arbitrary draught team." }, { "name": "Balance under a stated load", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "support reactions in N and load positions in mm, with test conditions", "why_it_matters": "Shows how occupant placement affects axle and draught-interface loading." }, { "name": "Fabric and reconstruction status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "component-level original, repaired, restored, reconstructed, replica or undetermined", "why_it_matters": "Separates surviving evidence from modern choices that may affect appearance and operation." }, { "name": "Activity readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "separately assessed for display, lifting, rolling, occupancy, harnessing and driven use: supported, conditional, prohibited or unassessed", "why_it_matters": "Avoids treating display stability or free-turning wheels as proof of operational fitness." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify a candidate chariot and record the physical and documentary grounds for that identification.", "Compare its assembled configuration with documented evidence and flag unsupported reconstruction choices.", "Inspect the platform, running gear and draught connections for defects relevant to a proposed activity.", "Assess compatibility with a specified harness, team arrangement and occupant load.", "Determine supported methods for display, lifting, rolling or operation and record conditions that prevent an action." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Chariot", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chariot", "what_it_supports": "Specialist definition (two-wheeled, spoked, horse-drawn, standing crew); spread from Sintashta and the Near East; Egyptian, Hittite, Assyrian, Greek, Celtic, Roman, and Chinese use; racing, triumph, and burial practices; measurements of Greek guards and Celtic vehicles.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "Biga (chariot)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biga_(chariot)", "what_it_supports": "Roman and Greek distinction of chariots by team size (biga, triga, quadriga, seiugis) and their use in racing, transport, and ceremony rather than Roman field warfare.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "Chariot (carriage)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chariot_(carriage)", "what_it_supports": "Homonym: the 17th-19th-century four-wheeled truncated coach called a chariot, unrelated to the ancient war and racing vehicle.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "Cart and Chariot", "url": "https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cart-and-chariot", "what_it_supports": "Near Eastern and biblical distinction of the two-wheeled horse chariot (battle, hunt, ceremony) from the heavier ox-drawn four-wheeled cart.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s5", "title": "From Chariot to Carriage in Ancient China (Sino-Platonic Papers 344)", "url": "https://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp344_chariot_to_carriage_in_ancient_china.pdf", "what_it_supports": "Littauer-Crouwel test that four-wheeled disk-wheel battle-wagons are not chariots; Chinese wheel diameter, track, and rail height; military reconstructions as mobile firing platforms.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s6", "title": "History of Chariots: 10 Types from Ancient Cultures Explained", "url": "https://www.thecollector.com/history-of-chariots-cultures-types/", "what_it_supports": "Practical varieties (war, transport, spectacle, ritual) and the Roman restriction of chariots to races and triumphs rather than battle.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s7", "title": "Vehicles of change: two exceptional deposits of destroyed chariots or wagons from Late Iron Age Britain", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/vehicles-of-change-two-exceptional-deposits-of-destroyed-chariots-or-wagons-from-late-iron-age-britain/729BB6B21858170704D32CBDBF68C5DA", "what_it_supports": "Archaeological test that kingpins, large tyres, and steering gear mark four-wheeled wagons, not two-wheeled chariots; British Iron Age wheel diameters.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "s8", "title": "Ratha", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratha", "what_it_supports": "Indo-Iranian ratha as the spoked-wheel chariot, and later Indian extension of the same word to large temple processional cars.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "chariot-identification", "name": "Chariot identification", "description": "Establishes why this vehicle belongs to the chariot entry and what its present form represents.", "rationale": "Labels, fragmentary remains and reconstructions can obscure the distinction between a chariot and neighbouring vehicle types.", "layers": [ { "id": "vehicle-type-boundary", "name": "Vehicle type boundary", "description": "Tests the identification against the vehicle's riding and draught configuration.", "findings": [ { "id": "configuration-based-identification", "name": "Configuration-based identification", "description": "Record the observed features and documented terminology supporting or challenging identification as a chariot.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which combination of platform, occupant stations, running gear and animal-draught connections supports identifying this vehicle as a chariot?", "kind": "definition", "id": "configuration-based-identification-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes this example from a cart, wagon or carriage with a similar wheel arrangement?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "configuration-based-identification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "surviving-and-reconstructed-form", "name": "Surviving and reconstructed form", "description": "Separates evidence from later completion of the vehicle.", "findings": [ { "id": "configuration-evidence", "name": "Configuration evidence", "description": "Record which parts and relationships survive and which depend on attribution or reconstruction.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which components survive from the attributed vehicle, and what records support their association?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "configuration-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which features of the present wheel, body and draught arrangement were reconstructed, and from what evidence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "configuration-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "platform-and-occupants", "name": "Platform and occupants", "description": "Records how the body accommodates people and transfers their loads into the vehicle.", "rationale": "Occupant placement and access are central to interpreting and assessing a chariot's riding platform.", "layers": [ { "id": "riding-space", "name": "Riding space", "description": "Describes usable floor area, occupant stations and body boundaries.", "findings": [ { "id": "occupant-stations", "name": "Occupant stations", "description": "Record supported occupant positions without inferring capacity from floor area alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the usable platform dimensions, and where do bodywork or fittings restrict occupants?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "occupant-stations-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes the intended number, posture and positions of occupants?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "occupant-stations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "boarding-and-support", "name": "Boarding and support", "description": "Examines entry routes and the structures that support or retain occupants.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-and-footing", "name": "Access and footing", "description": "Record boarding provisions, footing and the condition of occupant-supporting structures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where can a person board, stand or sit, and which floor sections, rails or handles would carry the resulting loads?", "kind": "definition", "id": "access-and-footing-q01" }, { "text": "What inspection or assessment supports allowing boarding and occupancy in the proposed configuration?", "kind": "action", "id": "access-and-footing-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "wheels-axle-and-balance", "name": "Wheels, axle and balance", "description": "Records the chariot's rolling assembly and its response to specified loading.", "rationale": "The relationship between platform, axle and wheels determines whether the vehicle can be supported and moved as intended.", "layers": [ { "id": "rolling-assembly", "name": "Rolling assembly", "description": "Describes wheel construction, axle relationships and retention.", "findings": [ { "id": "wheel-axle-fit", "name": "Wheel-axle fit", "description": "Record how the wheels rotate, remain attached and maintain clearance from the body.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are the wheels mounted and retained, and which interfaces rotate during travel?", "kind": "definition", "id": "wheel-axle-fit-q01" }, { "text": "What are the wheel diameters, track width, relevant clearances and observed play at each wheel-axle interface?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "wheel-axle-fit-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "loaded-equilibrium", "name": "Loaded equilibrium", "description": "Relates occupant and equipment placement to vehicle support and balance.", "findings": [ { "id": "load-position-effects", "name": "Load position effects", "description": "Record balance evidence for explicit loads and support arrangements.", "questions": [ { "text": "Under a specified occupant and equipment load, what reactions occur at the wheels and draught connection?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "load-position-effects-q01" }, { "text": "Which load positions and support arrangements have been assessed as acceptable for boarding, standing and movement?", "kind": "action", "id": "load-position-effects-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "draught-and-driving-interface", "name": "Draught and driving interface", "description": "Records how traction reaches the vehicle and how an occupant can control the connected team.", "rationale": "A chariot's usability depends on a compatible connection among vehicle, harness, team and driver.", "layers": [ { "id": "traction-coupling", "name": "Traction coupling", "description": "Describes the pole or shafts and their connections to the vehicle and external harness.", "findings": [ { "id": "team-attachment-compatibility", "name": "Team attachment compatibility", "description": "Record the actual attachment geometry and evidence for a compatible draught arrangement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which pole, shafts, yoke attachments or other fittings transfer draught forces into this chariot?", "kind": "definition", "id": "team-attachment-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What dimensions and documented connection requirements must a proposed harness and team arrangement satisfy?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "team-attachment-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "driver-control-space", "name": "Driver control space", "description": "Examines control access and interference between occupants, bodywork and driving equipment.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-path-and-clearance", "name": "Control path and clearance", "description": "Record how driving controls reach the driver and remain usable in the intended occupant arrangement.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence identifies the driver's station and the route of reins or other driving controls?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "control-path-and-clearance-q01" }, { "text": "Can the proposed occupant and equipment arrangement preserve control access without snagging, obstruction or loss of footing?", "kind": "action", "id": "control-path-and-clearance-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-permitted-use", "name": "Condition and permitted use", "description": "Connects component condition and evidence to specific handling or operating decisions.", "rationale": "A surviving or reconstructed chariot can be suitable for one activity while lacking evidence for another.", "layers": [ { "id": "critical-load-path-condition", "name": "Critical load-path condition", "description": "Assesses defects along the paths carrying occupants, wheel reactions and draught forces.", "findings": [ { "id": "structural-and-retention-defects", "name": "Structural and retention defects", "description": "Record deterioration, looseness and repairs affecting the floor, body-to-axle connections, wheels and draught assembly.", "questions": [ { "text": "What defects or uncertain repairs affect the platform supports, axle mountings, wheel retention and pole or shaft connections?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "structural-and-retention-defects-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed defects prevent lifting, rolling, occupancy or harnessing, and what evidence supports each restriction?", "kind": "action", "id": "structural-and-retention-defects-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "activity-specific-release", "name": "Activity-specific release", "description": "Records the assessed configuration and limits for each proposed activity.", "findings": [ { "id": "handling-and-operation-envelope", "name": "Handling and operation envelope", "description": "Distinguish historical use from present evidence supporting display, movement or driven operation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which inspection, test or competent assessment supports the proposed activity, and to which assembled configuration does it apply?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "handling-and-operation-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "What supports, load limits, surface conditions, movement limits and stopping criteria must be observed during that activity?", "kind": "action", "id": "handling-and-operation-envelope-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "war chariot", "racing chariot", "hunting chariot", "processional or triumphal chariot", "funerary or burial chariot", "biga (two-horse team)", "quadriga (four-horse team)", "scythed chariot" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q203788", "note": "Item labelled chariot, described as an ancient wheeled vehicle." }, { "scheme": "Linear B ideogram", "value_or_pattern": "*240 (Unicode U+100CC, 𐃌)", "note": "Mycenaean administrative sign for a wheeled chariot; related signs record chariot boxes and wheels separately." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Ancient Olympic Games: four-horse (tethrippon) racing admitted from 680 BC and run under the Hellanodikai at Olympia.", "Roman ludi circenses: chariot racing in the Circus Maximus and provincial circuses, organised by magistrates and emperors, with colour factions and a twelve-chariot field at Rome.", "Kikkuli treatise (Mitanni, 15th century BC): a written horse-training programme for chariot teams, not a construction code for the vehicle itself." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Bronze Age battle as a mobile archery or command platform (Egyptians and Hittites at Kadesh; later heavier Assyrian crews).", "Elite hunting from the vehicle in Egypt, Assyria, China, and the Levant.", "Sport: Greek hippodrome races and Roman circus racing into the Byzantine period.", "Ceremony: Greek weddings, Roman triumphs in a quadriga, and royal or elite gifts.", "Funerary deposition: Sintashta, Shang Anyang, East Yorkshire Iron Age, and Etruscan chariot burials (e.g. Monteleone).", "British and Gallic battlefield use as a warrior taxi: fighters dismounted to fight on foot while the driver held the team.", "Today: museum objects, experimental reconstructions, and film or reenactment vehicles." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "wheel diameter", "typical_range": "0.9-1.4", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "wheel track (gauge)", "typical_range": "1.5-2.4", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "vehicle length", "typical_range": "2-4", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "breastwork or guard height", "typical_range": "0.4-1.0", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "crew", "typical_range": "1-4", "unit": "persons" }, { "quantity": "draught team", "typical_range": "2-4", "unit": "horses" }, { "quantity": "spokes per wheel", "typical_range": "4-26", "unit": "count" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "High-speed racing wreck (Roman naufragium) from wheel lock, pole snap, or team collision.", "Overturning on a fast turn if track is narrow or ground is uneven.", "Wheel-rim deformation under static load; spoked wheels were often removed when the vehicle stood idle.", "No springing: shock through the axle throws or injures the standing crew.", "Horses killed, panicked, or entangled, immobilising the vehicle.", "Useless or lethal on broken, wooded, or muddy ground, which is why cavalry later replaced chariotry.", "Scythed axles intended to cut infantry could also maim the user's own troops.", "Wood rot, nave wear, and leather harness failure in stored or buried vehicles." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Egypt: typically a two-person crew (driver and archer), axle toward the rear, used as a mobile bow platform.", "Hittite and Chinese practice: wider three-person crews (driver, archer, shield-bearer or spearman).", "Neo-Assyria: heavier boxes and crews of three or four, often three or four horses.", "Greece after the Bronze Age: rocky terrain pushed chariots out of war into games, weddings, and procession.", "Rome: racing and triumph only; no regular Roman field chariotry.", "Britain and Gaul: open-fronted vehicles used to deliver warriors who then fought on foot (Caesar; last battle use at Mons Graupius, 84 CE).", "China: many-spoked wheels, very wide track, prestige counted in 'a thousand chariots'; later command rather than shock use.", "India: Vedic ratha is the war chariot; the same word later names huge many-wheeled temple cars.", "English 17th-19th century 'chariot' names a four-wheeled carriage, not the ancient vehicle." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "cart", "difference": "A cart is a two-wheeled load carrier, often with solid or cross-bar wheels and ox or donkey draught; a true chariot is light, spoked, horse-drawn, and built for a standing crew at speed." }, { "name": "wagon or battle-wagon", "difference": "Four wheels (often disk wheels) and a load or seated platform, as on the Standard of Ur; chariots have two spoked wheels. Kingpins and steering gear on finds mark wagons, not chariots." }, { "name": "carriage called a chariot", "difference": "A 17th-19th-century four-wheeled truncated coach with a forward-facing seat and coachman or postilion; it is not the ancient two-wheeled standing vehicle." }, { "name": "ridden cavalry", "difference": "The fighter sits the horse; on a chariot the horses are driven from a wheeled box and the crew stands." }, { "name": "temple ratha or processional car", "difference": "Large, often many-wheeled festival cars that carry a deity image at walking pace; the Bronze Age ratha/chariot is a light two-wheeled horse vehicle." }, { "name": "south-pointing chariot", "difference": "A Chinese mechanical directional carriage, not a war or racing chariot." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of chariot this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which historical and regional uses of the name chariot should this registry entry include, especially where wheel count or occupant posture differs?", "What minimum surviving evidence is sufficient to identify fragmentary remains as a chariot rather than unidentified vehicle components?", "Should full-size ceremonial vehicles never intended to move under draught be included, and how should they be distinguished from representations?", "Which sources and assessment methods can support load, balance and operating limits for surviving examples and modern reconstructions?", "Where should the ownership boundary fall for detachable poles, yokes and harness fittings that may be catalogued separately?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a chariot, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a chariot, assess its configuration and condition, and determine whether and how it may be displayed, handled, harnessed or operated.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: biga, essedum, Tensa, quadriga, kovinas, Ratha, temple car, scythed chariot.", "8 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a chariot, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "biga", "essedum", "Tensa", "quadriga", "kovinas", "Ratha", "temple car", "scythed chariot" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 8 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one chariot from another, and a chariot from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a chariot sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a chariot from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a chariot is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a chariot is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a chariot is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a chariot is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a chariot is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a chariot is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a chariot passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a chariot between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a chariot, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a chariot is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What chariot is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does chariot perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise chariot, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How chariot is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does chariot have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does chariot need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about chariot is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about chariot hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern chariot, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a chariot came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a chariot and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a chariot is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a chariot, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a chariot, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a chariot is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }