{ "model": { "rank": 4478, "code": "thing-q204260", "model_id": "vr.tr.plane-q204260", "name": "plane", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a hand plane, assess its cutting readiness, and determine its suitability for a specified shaping or finishing task.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q204260/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "planer manual", "electric planer manual", "transitional plane", "bench plane", "jack plane", "scrub plane", "rebate plane", "kezuriki", "Japanese plane", "router plane", "Ziehhobel (pulling planer)", "jointer plane", "fore plane", "spokeshave", "grooving plane", "Smoothing plane", "block plane", "finger plane", "compass plane", "razee plane", "shoulder plane", "smoothing plane" ], "aliasCount": 22, "merged": 22, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.plane-2", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q204260", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204260", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:19:00Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d1-fa47-77d2-b01c-60700b062c4d\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: plane\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registered", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 60.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d1-fa37-7ec2-88ff-377ecac523e3\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: plane\nRegistry id: vr.tr.plane-q204260\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q204260", "registryId": "vr.tr.plane-q204260", "name": "plane", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q204260/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.plane-q204260", "name": "plane", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a hand plane, assess its cutting readiness, and determine its suitability for a specified shaping or finishing task.", "definition": "In the woodworking-tool sense used here, a plane is a cutting tool whose blade projects through a supporting sole to remove shavings from wood and produce a controlled surface or profile.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the hand-operated cutting tool sense of plane registered as vr.tr.plane-q204260, including its functional variants, cutting geometry, setup and condition; the identifier resolves to a woodworking hand tool in [Wikidata Q204260](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204260). It defines what to record about the kind, with product designs and individual tools as linked instances.", "in_scope": [ "Hand planes for flattening, thickness reduction, edge preparation and profile cutting", "Relationships among body, sole, mouth, cutting iron and blade-retention mechanism", "Cutting geometry, adjustment methods and supported working directions", "Compatibility with workpiece material, grain and required surface geometry", "Cutting condition, trial-cut evidence and maintenance needs" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Geometric planes and inclined planes: the batch's name containment does not establish a subtype relationship to this tool", "Aircraft called planes", "Powered portable planers and stationary planing machines", "Chisels, spokeshaves, scrapers and abrasive tools as independent tool kinds", "Workpiece design, woodworking projects and complete workshop operating procedures" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A cutting iron is retained in a body whose sole references the workpiece and helps govern the cut, distinguishing it from a freely guided chisel.", "The tool removes material with a cutting edge during a hand-driven stroke rather than with an abrasive surface.", "The cutting edge remains fixed relative to the body during a stroke, distinguishing this scope from rotating-cutter powered planers.", "Identification depends on the cutting assembly and guiding surface, not on whether the resulting workpiece surface is flat; shaped-sole variants require recognition.", "A physical hand tool with an iron and body fits this sense; a mathematical surface or load-bearing ramp does not." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Functional variant", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Bench, block, rebate, shoulder, router, moulding, other documented variant, unknown", "why_it_matters": "Determines the intended operation and which setup features apply." }, { "name": "Sole geometry", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Flat, convex, concave, profiled, adjustable, other, unknown", "why_it_matters": "Identifies the guiding surface and the shapes the plane can work." }, { "name": "Sole length", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm, with measurement endpoints", "why_it_matters": "Helps judge support and access on the intended workpiece." }, { "name": "Usable cutting width", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm, distinguished from total iron width", "why_it_matters": "Determines the width actually available for a pass or constrained feature." }, { "name": "Iron geometry", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Bedding and bevel angles in degrees; edge camber in mm or radius", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of cutting behaviour without conflating different blade arrangements." }, { "name": "Bevel orientation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Bevel-up, bevel-down, other documented arrangement, unknown", "why_it_matters": "Provides context for interpreting bedding and sharpening angles." }, { "name": "Blade projection", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm relative to the applicable sole reference, including variation across the edge", "why_it_matters": "Records the cutting setting and possible lateral imbalance." }, { "name": "Mouth clearance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm at the cutting edge; not applicable where absent", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of shaving passage and setup constraints." }, { "name": "Working stroke", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Push, pull, other documented direction, unknown", "why_it_matters": "Prevents assuming that all plane traditions use the same handling direction." }, { "name": "Workpiece compatibility", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Material, grain orientation and target geometry linked to supporting instructions or trial evidence", "why_it_matters": "Makes task suitability specific to the intended cut." }, { "name": "Cutting readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed, ready for specified task, adjustment required, sharpening required, repair required", "why_it_matters": "Separates general identification from evidence that a particular tool can perform the task." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify a plane variant from its sole, cutting assembly and intended operation.", "Match a plane to a required face, edge, rebate or profile.", "Record and compare blade, mouth and guide settings before trial cuts.", "Assess trial shavings and the resulting surface against task tolerances.", "Determine whether adjustment, sharpening or repair is needed before further use.", "Check replacement-iron and accessory compatibility against the particular design." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "plane-identity-and-cutting-role", "name": "Plane identity and cutting role", "description": "Establish the tool sense and the work its particular form supports.", "rationale": "The name is ambiguous, and plane variants differ substantially in the geometry they can produce.", "layers": [ { "id": "tool-sense-and-boundaries", "name": "Tool sense and boundaries", "description": "Anchor recognition in the cutting mechanism rather than the shared word.", "findings": [ { "id": "body-guided-cutting-identity", "name": "Body-guided cutting identity", "description": "Record evidence that the candidate is a hand plane and identify any unresolved neighbouring-tool boundary.", "questions": [ { "text": "What retained cutting iron and work-contacting sole establish this as a hand plane?", "kind": "definition", "id": "body-guided-cutting-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes the candidate from a spokeshave, scraper or powered planer?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "body-guided-cutting-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "variant-and-intended-work", "name": "Variant and intended work", "description": "Connect the plane's form to the intended material-removal operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "operation-specific-form", "name": "Operation-specific form", "description": "Record the supported operation and the physical features that enable it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this variant intended for flattening, smoothing, edge preparation, rebates, grooves or another documented operation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "operation-specific-form-q01" }, { "text": "Which maker instructions, historical documentation or examined examples support that identification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "operation-specific-form-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sole-and-cutting-assembly", "name": "Sole and cutting assembly", "description": "Describe how the plane guides and supports its cutting edge.", "rationale": "Suitability depends on the relationship between the reference surface, iron and blade support.", "layers": [ { "id": "work-contact-geometry", "name": "Work-contact geometry", "description": "Capture the sole and guides that register the tool against the work.", "findings": [ { "id": "sole-reference-and-access", "name": "Sole reference and access", "description": "Record the intended sole shape, its condition and its ability to reach the target feature.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the sole length, contact profile and usable cutting width?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "sole-reference-and-access-q01" }, { "text": "Do the body, sole and any fence permit the cutting edge to reach the required corner or profile?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "sole-reference-and-access-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "iron-support-and-geometry", "name": "Iron support and geometry", "description": "Capture edge geometry and the mechanisms retaining and supporting the iron.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-cutting-edge", "name": "Supported cutting edge", "description": "Record the installed iron arrangement, with optional components marked as present, absent or unknown.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the bedding angle, bevel orientation, bevel angle and edge profile?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-cutting-edge-q01" }, { "text": "How is the iron supported and retained, and is a chipbreaker fitted?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-cutting-edge-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cut-setup-and-workpiece-fit", "name": "Cut setup and workpiece fit", "description": "Relate controllable settings to the intended workpiece and cut.", "rationale": "A plane's identity alone does not establish that its current settings suit a particular grain direction or material-removal task.", "layers": [ { "id": "adjustments-and-stroke", "name": "Adjustments and stroke", "description": "Record the controls actually provided by the design.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-cut-setting", "name": "Documented cut setting", "description": "Capture blade projection, lateral setting and applicable mouth, fence or depth-stop adjustments.", "questions": [ { "text": "What blade projection and lateral alignment are set relative to the sole?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "documented-cut-setting-q01" }, { "text": "How are the available adjustments made and secured, and what working-stroke direction is specified?", "kind": "action", "id": "documented-cut-setting-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-grain-engagement", "name": "Material and grain engagement", "description": "Describe the actual cutting task rather than assuming universal woodworking suitability.", "findings": [ { "id": "task-specific-cut-compatibility", "name": "Task-specific cut compatibility", "description": "Link the selected plane and setting to material, grain, access and required finish.", "questions": [ { "text": "What material and grain orientation will the edge encounter, including end grain or reversing grain?", "kind": "definition", "id": "task-specific-cut-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What trial cut would establish whether this setup meets the required geometry and surface finish?", "kind": "action", "id": "task-specific-cut-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cutting-evidence-and-serviceability", "name": "Cutting evidence and serviceability", "description": "Assess demonstrated cutting performance and the condition of the working assembly.", "rationale": "Visible completeness does not establish edge sharpness, stable blade retention or acceptable results.", "layers": [ { "id": "trial-cut-outcomes", "name": "Trial-cut outcomes", "description": "Use observed shavings and workpiece results to assess readiness.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-cut-quality", "name": "Observed cut quality", "description": "Record performance and defects without assigning an unverified cause.", "questions": [ { "text": "What shaving thickness, surface deviation and dimensional change were measured during the trial?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-cut-quality-q01" }, { "text": "Were tear-out, chatter, clogging, tracks or failure to cut observed, and which diagnostic adjustment should be tested next?", "kind": "action", "id": "observed-cut-quality-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "edge-retention-and-restoration", "name": "Edge retention and restoration", "description": "Assess defects and interventions affecting continued cutting use.", "findings": [ { "id": "serviceable-plane-assembly", "name": "Serviceable plane assembly", "description": "Record edge damage, sole wear, loose retention and body or handle defects together with design-specific remedies.", "questions": [ { "text": "What inspection evidence establishes the condition of the edge, sole, iron seating, retention mechanism and gripping surfaces?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "serviceable-plane-assembly-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented sharpening, adjustment or repair procedure applies, and what verification is required before returning the plane to use?", "kind": "action", "id": "serviceable-plane-assembly-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The registry supplies no sense; the woodworking interpretation is provisional and follows the device, machine or tool context.", "The batch's association with inclined plane suggests a possible surface or geometric sense; check the originating registry identifier before accepting this interpretation.", "Measurement ranges describe common bench planes, not all specialist or regional varieties." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Jack plane", "Jointer plane", "Smoothing plane", "Block plane", "Rebate or rabbet plane", "Router plane" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Flattening board faces", "Straightening and squaring edges for joining", "Smoothing surfaces before finishing", "Trimming end grain and fitting wooden components", "Cutting rebates and levelling recesses" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Sole length of common bench planes", "typical_range": "Approximately 230-610", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Blade width of common bench planes", "typical_range": "Approximately 45-65", "unit": "mm" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "A dull or damaged cutting edge increases effort and degrades the surface.", "Cutting against adverse grain can cause tear-out.", "Inadequate blade support or loose adjustment can produce chatter.", "Shavings can clog the mouth and interrupt cutting.", "The exposed cutting edge can cause cuts during use, sharpening or adjustment." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Western bench planes are generally pushed; Japanese hand planes are generally pulled.", "The same edge-cutting feature is commonly called a rebate in British usage and a rabbet in American usage." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Chisel", "difference": "A chisel lacks the plane's supporting sole that guides the cut and constrains blade projection." }, { "name": "Planer", "difference": "A powered woodworking planer commonly uses rotating cutters; the hand plane described here uses a stationary blade moved across the work." }, { "name": "Inclined plane", "difference": "An inclined plane is a sloping surface used as a simple machine, not a variety of woodworking plane." }, { "name": "Geometric plane", "difference": "A geometric plane is an abstract, flat two-dimensional space extending without bound, not a cutting tool." }, { "name": "Airplane", "difference": "An airplane is a powered fixed-wing aircraft, another referent of the word plane." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of plane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the existing Vercy catalogue already cover this hand-tool concept, requiring a link instead of a separate publication?", "Which specialist variants belong under this entry, and where should boundaries with scraper planes, spokeshaves and non-woodworking planes be drawn?", "Which manufacturer or craft references substantiate variant-specific setup geometry, dimensions and acceptable trial-cut results?", "Are any standards or certification requirements applicable to particular hand-plane variants or markets, and which issuing bodies define them?", "How should sole wear and historical modifications be judged for working tools versus collectible examples where restoration could erase evidence?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 15, "questions": 23 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a plane, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a hand plane, assess its cutting readiness, and determine its suitability for a specified shaping or finishing task.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: planer manual, electric planer manual, transitional plane, bench plane, jack plane, scrub plane, rebate plane, kezuriki, Japanese plane, router plane, Ziehhobel (pulling planer), jointer plane.", "22 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a plane, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "planer manual", "electric planer manual", "transitional plane", "bench plane", "jack plane", "scrub plane", "rebate plane", "kezuriki", "Japanese plane", "router plane", "Ziehhobel (pulling planer)", "jointer plane" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 22 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one plane from another, and a plane from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a plane sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a plane from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a plane is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a plane is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a plane is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a plane is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a plane is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a plane is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a plane passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a plane between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a plane, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a plane is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What plane is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does plane perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise plane, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How plane is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does plane have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does plane need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about plane is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about plane hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern plane, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a plane came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a plane and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a plane is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a plane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a plane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a plane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }