{ "model": { "rank": 6751, "code": "thing-q204686", "model_id": "vr.tr.winter-sport", "name": "winter sport", "purpose": "Let an agent explain winter sports and their rules, support participation and safety, find events and venues, and describe environmental and access issues with sources.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q204686/", "tier": 2, "score": 59, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "sled dog racing", "freeskiing", "ice sport", "snow disc golf", "ice surfing", "icestock sport", "snowmobile racing", "Snow snake", "women's winter sports", "tobogganing", "men's winter sports", "academic kyykkä", "skibobbing", "summer skiing area", "archery biathlon", "snowtubing", "military patrol", "skiboarding", "sledding", "winter pentathlon", "ice racing", "snocross", "snowshoeing", "winter duathlon", "snow tubing", "Target Schooting", "Hōlua", "kicksled racing", "Extreme sledding", "ice blocking" ], "aliasCount": 30, "merged": 30, "knownIn": 59, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q204686", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204686", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T20:31:50Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q204686", "registryId": "vr.tr.winter-sport", "name": "winter sport", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q204686/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.winter-sport", "name": "winter sport", "purpose": "Let an agent explain winter sports and their rules, support participation and safety, find events and venues, and describe environmental and access issues with sources.", "definition": "Sports practised on snow or ice, including skiing, snowboarding, ice skating, ice hockey, curling, sledding, sled dog racing, ice climbing and newer activities such as freeskiing and snow disc golf, organised by international federations and showcased at the Winter Olympics; winter sports depend on cold conditions, natural or artificial, and carry specific safety and environmental considerations.", "what_it_is_for": "Recreation and competition on snow and ice.", "affordances": [ "explain sports and their rules", "support learning and safe participation", "find events, venues and conditions", "describe environmental and access issues" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Snow or ice based", "Seasonal or artificial conditions", "Federation-organised", "Safety-critical" ], "appearance": "Activities on snow slopes, ice rinks, frozen lakes and tracks.", "visual_identification": [ "Snow or ice surfaces", "Specialised equipment", "Indoor ice sports can be played year-round" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "skiing and snowboarding", "ice skating and ice hockey", "sliding sports such as bobsleigh and luge", "curling and icestock", "sled dog racing and other snow activities" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "sport", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "ice and snow activities", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "swimming", "why": "other sport" }, { "relation": "uses", "target": "helmet", "why": "protective equipment" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "International federation rules", "Resort safety codes and avalanche warnings", "Animal welfare rules for sled dog racing" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Injuries and avalanches", "Cold injuries", "Environmental impacts of resorts" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "safety", "name": "Safety", "description": "Staying safe.", "rationale": "Conditions and equipment.", "layers": [ { "id": "conditions", "name": "Conditions", "description": "Snow and ice conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditions-finding", "name": "Conditions", "description": "Conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the current conditions and avalanche or ice warnings for this area, according to authorities?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is someone in danger now?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "equipment", "name": "Equipment", "description": "Protective equipment.", "findings": [ { "id": "equipment-finding", "name": "Equipment", "description": "Equipment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which equipment and protection are needed for this sport?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How should beginners prepare?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "learn", "name": "Learn", "description": "Participating.", "rationale": "Lessons and rules.", "layers": [ { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "Rules of the sport.", "findings": [ { "id": "rules-finding", "name": "Rules", "description": "Rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the rules of this winter sport, according to its federation?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which slope or rink etiquette applies?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "lessons", "name": "Lessons", "description": "Learning.", "findings": [ { "id": "lessons-finding", "name": "Lessons", "description": "Lessons.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where can someone learn this sport, and what does it cost?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which adaptive options exist for people with disabilities?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "events", "name": "Events", "description": "Competitions.", "rationale": "Sources matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "competitions", "name": "Competitions", "description": "Major events.", "findings": [ { "id": "competitions-finding", "name": "Competitions", "description": "Competitions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which competitions and championships exist for this sport, and when are they held?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Who are the current champions, according to official results?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "venues", "name": "Venues", "description": "Resorts and rinks.", "findings": [ { "id": "venues-finding", "name": "Venues", "description": "Venues.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which venues are suitable for this sport here, and when are they open?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are tickets and passes bought?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Environment and welfare.", "rationale": "Wider issues.", "layers": [ { "id": "environment", "name": "Environment", "description": "Climate and impact.", "findings": [ { "id": "environment-finding", "name": "Environment", "description": "Environment.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are climate change and artificial snow affecting winter sports, according to research?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What are the environmental impacts of resorts?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "animals", "name": "Animals", "description": "Sled dog welfare.", "findings": [ { "id": "animals-finding", "name": "Animals", "description": "Animal welfare.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which welfare rules apply to sled dog racing, and how are they described by different stakeholders?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Are positions attributed neutrally?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each sport be a separate entry?", "How should condition and avalanche data be linked?", "How should federations be linked?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a winter sport, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain winter sports and their rules, support participation and safety, find events and venues, and describe environmental and access issues with sources.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: sled dog racing, freeskiing, ice sport, snow disc golf, ice surfing, icestock sport, snowmobile racing, Snow snake, women's winter sports, tobogganing, men's winter sports, academic kyykkä.", "30 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a winter sport, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "sled dog racing", "freeskiing", "ice sport", "snow disc golf", "ice surfing", "icestock sport", "snowmobile racing", "Snow snake", "women's winter sports", "tobogganing", "men's winter sports", "academic kyykkä" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 30 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one winter sport from another, and a winter sport from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a winter sport sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a winter sport from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a winter sport passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a winter sport between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a winter sport, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a winter sport is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a winter sport proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a winter sport, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a winter sport and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a winter sport consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a winter sport takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What winter sport is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of winter sport are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is winter sport operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of winter sport and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of winter sport?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as winter sport?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a winter sport came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a winter sport and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a winter sport is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a winter sport, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a winter sport, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a winter sport is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }