{ "model": { "rank": 4411, "code": "thing-q205418", "model_id": "vr.tr.blizzard", "name": "blizzard", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise, assess and track a blizzard episode by relating wind-driven snow and visibility loss to applicable classification criteria, exposed activities and response decisions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q205418/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.blizzard", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q205418", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205418", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:09:19Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c9-379c-7620-9f1a-b2df55e49d7f\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: blizzard\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 53.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087c9-3796-7d70-964e-4967ce74d0bc\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: blizzard\nRegistry id: vr.tr.blizzard\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q205418", "registryId": "vr.tr.blizzard", "name": "blizzard", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q205418/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.blizzard", "name": "blizzard", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise, assess and track a blizzard episode by relating wind-driven snow and visibility loss to applicable classification criteria, exposed activities and response decisions.", "definition": "A blizzard is a severe winter weather event in which strong winds carry falling or previously deposited snow, substantially reducing visibility for a sustained period.", "scope_statement": "This model owns blizzard as a meteorological event involving strong winds and falling or blowing snow that severely restrict visibility, including its classification, spatial extent, evolution and operational consequences; the supplied ACT / ACT.ACT placement is retained provisionally.", "in_scope": [ "Applicable blizzard definitions, thresholds and supporting observations", "Falling snow, redistributed surface snow and their interaction with wind", "Duration, continuity, spatial extent and movement of blizzard conditions", "Visibility loss, drifting snow and exposure of travel routes and outdoor activities", "Forecast, observed and warning states, including uncertainty and cessation" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The complete lifecycle of a parent cyclone or winter storm", "General snowpack evolution and avalanche assessment", "Design and maintenance of roads, buildings and snow-clearing equipment", "Clinical diagnosis and treatment of cold-related injuries", "Blizzard Entertainment and other uses of Blizzard as a proper name" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Heavy snowfall alone does not establish a blizzard: wind, visibility and persistence must be evaluated together against an identified definition.", "Fresh snowfall is not required when wind lifts existing surface snow sufficiently to produce qualifying conditions; record this as a ground-blizzard mechanism where that terminology applies.", "A snow squall can share intense wind and visibility loss, so duration and the applicable classification rule must distinguish or relate the events.", "Whiteout describes a visibility or visual-reference condition and does not by itself establish that blizzard criteria are met.", "Cold temperature alone does not distinguish a blizzard from other winter weather; the classification must identify the role, if any, assigned to temperature by its governing definition." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Classification authority and rule", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Issuing organisation, jurisdiction, definition version and effective date", "why_it_matters": "Blizzard classification must be traceable to the particular criteria being applied." }, { "name": "Wind speed and sampling basis", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m/s, with sustained or gust designation, averaging interval, measurement height and timestamp", "why_it_matters": "Different wind measurements cannot be compared directly without their sampling context." }, { "name": "Visibility in snow", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m, with observation method, location, time and reported obscuration", "why_it_matters": "Visibility loss is central to recognition and route-specific consequences." }, { "name": "Qualifying duration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Minutes or hours, with permitted interruptions defined by the classification rule", "why_it_matters": "Brief severe conditions and a sustained qualifying episode may receive different classifications." }, { "name": "Airborne snow origin", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Falling snow, wind-lifted surface snow, mixed or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Explains whether conditions can persist after precipitation ends." }, { "name": "Episode evidence state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Forecast, observed but unclassified, qualifying, below criteria or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Separates predicted conditions from demonstrated classification and incomplete evidence." }, { "name": "Time-dependent affected area", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Locations, corridors or mapped areas linked to observation intervals and confidence", "why_it_matters": "A regional warning does not establish identical conditions at every location." }, { "name": "Snow obstruction", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Drift depth in m and route obstruction observations with location and timestamp", "why_it_matters": "Travel disruption can remain after the atmospheric episode ceases." } ], "affordances": [ "Evaluate whether observations satisfy a named blizzard definition and explain missing evidence.", "Separate a ground-blizzard mechanism from precipitation-driven or mixed conditions.", "Track the onset, interruptions, movement and cessation of qualifying conditions.", "Associate affected routes and outdoor activities with local observations and authorised response rules.", "Compare forecasts and warnings with observed conditions without treating them as interchangeable.", "Identify residual snow obstruction and uncertainty that prevent an automatic return to normal operations." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "blizzard-classification", "name": "Blizzard classification", "description": "Establishes which meaning and operational definition support calling an episode a blizzard.", "rationale": "A blizzard label is interpretable only when its thresholds, persistence requirements and authority are explicit.", "layers": [ { "id": "governing-definition", "name": "Governing definition", "description": "Records the applicable authority and its combination of qualifying conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-rule", "name": "Classification rule", "description": "Record the sourced rule for wind, snow-related visibility and duration, including any additional criteria, without assuming worldwide uniformity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority, jurisdiction and dated definition govern this episode's blizzard classification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "classification-rule-q01" }, { "text": "What combination of wind, visibility, duration and any additional conditions must that definition satisfy?", "kind": "definition", "id": "classification-rule-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-weather-boundaries", "name": "Neighbouring weather boundaries", "description": "Distinguishes blizzard classification from related snow and visibility phenomena.", "findings": [ { "id": "alternative-and-overlapping-labels", "name": "Alternative and overlapping labels", "description": "Record why an episode qualifies as a blizzard, remains another snow event or also warrants a related descriptive label.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence separates this episode from heavy snowfall without qualifying wind, or a brief snow squall?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "alternative-and-overlapping-labels-q01" }, { "text": "Is a reported whiteout supported by blizzard criteria, or does it describe visual conditions without establishing that classification?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "alternative-and-overlapping-labels-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "wind-and-snow-mechanism", "name": "Wind and snow mechanism", "description": "Explains the source and transport of snow responsible for visibility loss.", "rationale": "An agent must understand whether stopping snowfall is relevant to improvement and where wind can sustain local conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "airborne-snow-supply", "name": "Airborne snow supply", "description": "Identifies precipitation and surface snow as separate or combined contributors.", "findings": [ { "id": "falling-versus-redistributed-snow", "name": "Falling versus redistributed snow", "description": "Record evidence for falling snow, lifted surface snow or a mixture, and whether the relative contributions are unresolved.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations establish whether the obscuring snow is falling, lifted from the surface or both?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "falling-versus-redistributed-snow-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence indicates that surface snow remains available for wind transport after snowfall stops?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "falling-versus-redistributed-snow-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "local-wind-exposure", "name": "Local wind exposure", "description": "Relates measured wind and terrain exposure to uneven snow transport and visibility.", "findings": [ { "id": "wind-and-terrain-context", "name": "Wind and terrain context", "description": "Record wind direction, speed and sampling context alongside exposed areas, shelter and observed drifting.", "questions": [ { "text": "How were wind speed and gusts measured, and are their averaging intervals and exposure appropriate for the governing rule?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "wind-and-terrain-context-q01" }, { "text": "Where do observations show differences in blowing snow or visibility between exposed stretches and sheltered locations?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "wind-and-terrain-context-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "episode-extent-and-evidence", "name": "Episode extent and evidence", "description": "Determines when and where qualifying conditions occurred and how strongly the available evidence supports that account.", "rationale": "Isolated observations, interrupted conditions and warning polygons cannot independently define a complete blizzard episode.", "layers": [ { "id": "temporal-continuity", "name": "Temporal continuity", "description": "Tracks onset, persistence, interruptions and cessation against the applicable duration rule.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualifying-intervals", "name": "Qualifying intervals", "description": "Record the intervals in which the required conditions coincide and distinguish measured interruptions from missing data.", "questions": [ { "text": "During which intervals did the required wind and snow-related visibility conditions occur together?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "qualifying-intervals-q01" }, { "text": "How does the governing rule treat brief improvements, observation gaps and recurrence when determining duration?", "kind": "definition", "id": "qualifying-intervals-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "spatial-support", "name": "Spatial support", "description": "Separates directly observed conditions from inferred coverage and forecast or warning areas.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-and-inferred-footprint", "name": "Observed and inferred footprint", "description": "Record the locations and times supported by stations, visibility instruments or attributed reports, with uncertainty around extrapolated coverage.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations support each portion of the episode footprint, and what locations or intervals remain unobserved?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "observed-and-inferred-footprint-q01" }, { "text": "Where does the observed footprint differ from the forecast or warning area, and what evidence supports that distinction?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "observed-and-inferred-footprint-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "exposure-and-response", "name": "Exposure and response", "description": "Connects local blizzard conditions to affected activities, authorised decisions and residual disruption.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish classification from the evidence and authority needed to restrict or resume a specific activity.", "layers": [ { "id": "activity-specific-exposure", "name": "Activity-specific exposure", "description": "Records how visibility loss, drifting and accompanying weather affect particular routes and outdoor operations.", "findings": [ { "id": "route-and-operation-constraints", "name": "Route and operation constraints", "description": "Associate exposed activities with local conditions, obstruction reports, current instructions and the decision maker responsible for them.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which routes or outdoor operations intersect reported visibility loss or snow obstruction, and how current are those reports?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "route-and-operation-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "Which authority or operating procedure determines restrictions for each affected activity?", "kind": "action", "id": "route-and-operation-constraints-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cessation-and-residual-disruption", "name": "Cessation and residual disruption", "description": "Separates the end of qualifying atmospheric conditions from the clearance of resulting operational constraints.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditions-for-resumption", "name": "Conditions for resumption", "description": "Record evidence of meteorological improvement separately from remaining drifts, closures and activity-specific resumption requirements.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations establish that blizzard criteria are no longer met, and what uncertainty remains about recurrence?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conditions-for-resumption-q01" }, { "text": "What residual obstruction or active restriction must be resolved before each affected operation can resume?", "kind": "action", "id": "conditions-for-resumption-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The meteorological sense is assumed; the supplied domain code does not establish the intended sense.", "The United States criteria are recalled operational criteria; verify their current wording and jurisdictional applicability before publication.", "Heavy new snowfall and a particular air-temperature threshold are not universal requirements for a blizzard." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Blizzard with falling snow", "Ground blizzard, dominated by wind lifting previously deposited snow" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The United States National Weather Service defines blizzard conditions using sustained winds or frequent gusts of at least 35 mph, falling or blowing snow frequently reducing visibility below one-quarter mile, and a duration of at least three hours." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Weather forecasting and public warning issuance", "Decisions about road closures and winter travel", "Aviation operations and airport disruption planning", "Emergency preparedness and infrastructure resilience planning" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Sustained wind speed or frequent gust speed", "typical_range": "At least 35 under United States National Weather Service criteria; a classification threshold, not a typical range", "unit": "mph" }, { "quantity": "Visibility", "typical_range": "Frequently below 0.25 under United States National Weather Service criteria", "unit": "mile" }, { "quantity": "Duration of qualifying conditions", "typical_range": "At least 3 under United States National Weather Service criteria", "unit": "hour" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Severely reduced visibility and whiteout can cause disorientation and collisions.", "Blowing and drifting snow can block roads and isolate communities.", "Cold and wind exposure can cause hypothermia and frostbite.", "Power and transport disruptions can impede heating, supplies and emergency response." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Operational thresholds and warning practices vary among national meteorological services.", "Ground blizzards are particularly associated with exposed, snow-covered terrain where wind can redistribute loose snow." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Snowstorm", "difference": "A snowstorm involves snowfall but need not produce the sustained wind and visibility conditions required for a blizzard." }, { "name": "Blowing snow", "difference": "Wind-lifted snow can occur without meeting a blizzard's combined intensity and duration criteria." }, { "name": "Snow squall", "difference": "A snow squall is a brief, intense burst of snowfall, often with gusty winds; its short duration commonly separates it from a blizzard." }, { "name": "Whiteout", "difference": "Whiteout describes a loss of visual contrast or orientation and can occur without blizzard conditions." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of blizzard this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative definitions should the completed model support, and how do their wind, visibility, duration and temperature provisions differ?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own the blizzard concept, and should vr.tr.blizzard link to that publication?", "Does ACT / ACT.ACT intentionally classify meteorological episodes here, or does this entry require a documented placement correction?", "What evidence standard should distinguish a ground blizzard from mixed falling and blowing snow when observations cannot separate their contributions?", "How should intermittent observations and spatially fragmented qualifying conditions be combined into one episode without overstating continuity or coverage?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a blizzard, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise, assess and track a blizzard episode by relating wind-driven snow and visibility loss to applicable classification criteria, exposed activities and response decisions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a blizzard, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one blizzard from another, and a blizzard from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a blizzard sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a blizzard from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a blizzard passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a blizzard between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a blizzard, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a blizzard is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a blizzard proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a blizzard, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a blizzard and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a blizzard consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a blizzard takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What blizzard is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of blizzard are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is blizzard operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of blizzard and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of blizzard?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as blizzard?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a blizzard came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a blizzard and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a blizzard is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a blizzard, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a blizzard, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a blizzard is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }