{ "model": { "rank": 4746, "code": "thing-q208021", "model_id": "vr.tr.walnut", "name": "walnut", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a living walnut tree, assess its condition and reproductive potential, and identify appropriate care or management actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q208021/", "tier": 2, "score": 73, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "black walnut", "Grenoble walnut" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 73, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.walnut", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q208021", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208021", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:54:54Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087f2-d2b5-7d42-9f1a-82db42bd1472\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: walnut\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 register", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087f2-d2a1-7d92-8c55-1780e254ea8a\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: walnut\nRegistry id: vr.tr.walnut\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext fo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q208021", "registryId": "vr.tr.walnut", "name": "walnut", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q208021/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.walnut", "name": "walnut", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a living walnut tree, assess its condition and reproductive potential, and identify appropriate care or management actions.", "definition": "Walnut, interpreted here as a living organism, is a tree of the genus Juglans in the family Juglandaceae, typically bearing pinnately compound leaves, separate male and female flowers on the same individual, and fruits with a husk surrounding a hard shell and seed.", "scope_statement": "This draft provisionally interprets walnut as living trees of the genus Juglans, covering individual trees and their relationships to taxa, cultivars and populations; species identity remains unresolved until registry provenance is checked.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of a living walnut tree and its relationship to a verified taxon", "Seedling, juvenile, mature and senescent life stages", "Rootstock, scion and cultivar identity where applicable", "Flowering, pollination and fruit development while attached to the tree", "Site suitability, tree condition and management constraints", "Population membership and wild, planted or naturalised occurrence" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Harvested walnuts as food products, ingredients or commercial lots", "Walnut timber, veneer and manufactured objects", "Orchards as businesses or land-management systems", "Taxonomic nomenclature and conservation assessments as independently maintained records", "Other plants called walnut that are outside Juglans", "Extracted walnut oils, pigments and chemical substances" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Confirm that walnut denotes a living tree rather than harvested fruit, a kernel or timber before applying this model.", "Check a combination of leaves, buds, twigs, flowers and husked fruit against a regional identification key; a walnut-like nut alone is insufficient.", "Distinguish Juglans from similar nut-bearing trees such as Carya using diagnostic characters required by the identification key.", "Resolve the species or hybrid instead of treating the common name walnut as proof of Juglans regia.", "For grafted trees, distinguish the fruit-bearing scion from the rootstock and any shoots arising below the graft." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Taxonomic determination", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Accepted taxon record, authority, identification evidence, determiner, date and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Species and hybrid identity affect identification, site expectations and interpretation of reproductive behaviour." }, { "name": "Occurrence context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Wild, planted, naturalised or unresolved; locality and population reference", "why_it_matters": "A planted tree does not establish that walnut is native to its location." }, { "name": "Developmental stage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Seedling, juvenile, reproductively mature, senescent or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Care needs and expected flowering or fruiting depend on development." }, { "name": "Rootstock and scion identity", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Own-rooted, grafted or unknown; rootstock taxon and scion cultivar when documented", "why_it_matters": "One tree may combine distinct identities with different implications for vigour, fruit traits and management." }, { "name": "Tree dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Height and crown spread in m; trunk diameter in cm with measurement height and method", "why_it_matters": "Dimensions support growth tracking, spacing decisions and structural assessment." }, { "name": "Flowering overlap", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Observed dates of pollen release and female receptivity on the tree and candidate pollen sources", "why_it_matters": "Timing helps assess whether suitable pollen was available during receptivity." }, { "name": "Root-zone conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Soil pH, effective rooting depth in cm, moisture by stated method and duration of waterlogging in days", "why_it_matters": "Root-zone evidence supports assessment of establishment problems and stress." }, { "name": "Crown and stem condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed foliage changes, dieback, lesions, wounds and structural defects, each dated and located", "why_it_matters": "Recorded symptoms support monitoring without prematurely assigning a disease." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the walnut taxon or flag the specimen for expert determination.", "Assess planting-site suitability using verified species and rootstock requirements.", "Compare flowering records with nearby pollen sources to investigate poor fruit set.", "Monitor growth, canopy condition and attached fruit development over time.", "Select evidence-supported care actions or refer structural and diagnostic concerns to a specialist." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "walnut-identity", "name": "Walnut identity", "description": "Establish what walnut denotes and which living tree is being assessed.", "rationale": "The common name can refer to different taxa and to products that require different models.", "layers": [ { "id": "taxon-and-common-name", "name": "Taxon and common name", "description": "Connect the common name to a supported botanical determination.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-juglans-determination", "name": "Supported Juglans determination", "description": "Record identification evidence and uncertainty without assuming a species from the common name.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the registry source mean Juglans generally, one species, or the edible walnut?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-juglans-determination-q01" }, { "text": "Which identification source supports the accepted name, authority and date, and its GBIF or NCBI identifier where available?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-juglans-determination-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "individual-and-graft", "name": "Individual and graft", "description": "Separate tree identity from taxon, cultivar and graft-component identities.", "findings": [ { "id": "rootstock-scion-boundary", "name": "Rootstock and scion boundary", "description": "Document whether observations concern the whole tree, the scion or growth from the rootstock.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this walnut own-rooted or grafted, and what evidence identifies its rootstock and scion?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "rootstock-scion-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Do the observed leaves, flowers or shoots arise above or below the graft union?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "rootstock-scion-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "development-and-reproduction", "name": "Development and reproduction", "description": "Track establishment, maturity and the reproductive events relevant to walnut fruiting.", "rationale": "A walnut can be healthy yet fail to fruit because of developmental or flowering circumstances.", "layers": [ { "id": "establishment-and-maturity", "name": "Establishment and maturity", "description": "Interpret growth and reproductive expectations in light of life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "developmental-evidence", "name": "Developmental evidence", "description": "Use establishment history and observed development rather than size alone to judge maturity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was the tree established from seed or propagated planting stock, and when was it planted?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "developmental-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What growth, flowering and fruiting records support its assigned life stage?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "developmental-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "flowering-and-fruit-set", "name": "Flowering and fruit set", "description": "Relate male and female flowering phases to pollen availability and developing fruit.", "findings": [ { "id": "reproductive-timing", "name": "Reproductive timing", "description": "Record flowering phases separately rather than assigning the tree a simple male or female label.", "questions": [ { "text": "When were pollen release and female receptivity observed on this walnut and nearby candidate pollen sources?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-timing-q01" }, { "text": "What observations distinguish limited pollen availability from frost injury or subsequent fruit loss?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-timing-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-growing-site", "name": "Range and growing site", "description": "Place the walnut in its geographic, population and root-zone context.", "rationale": "Species-level range information and local growing conditions answer different questions about suitability and significance.", "layers": [ { "id": "range-and-population", "name": "Range and population", "description": "Distinguish native occurrence, cultivation and local population membership.", "findings": [ { "id": "occurrence-provenance", "name": "Occurrence provenance", "description": "Connect the tree to verified distribution evidence without transferring taxon-level status to an individual.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this occurrence wild, planted or naturalised, and what supports its native or introduced interpretation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "occurrence-provenance-q01" }, { "text": "Which conservation assessment, geographic scope and assessment year apply to the verified taxon?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "occurrence-provenance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "soil-water-and-exposure", "name": "Soil, water and exposure", "description": "Assess the conditions experienced by the walnut's roots and crown.", "findings": [ { "id": "site-fit", "name": "Site fit", "description": "Compare measured site conditions with requirements supported for the identified walnut.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the effective rooting depth, drainage, soil pH and seasonal moisture conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "site-fit-q01" }, { "text": "Do local frost timing, heat, wind and available crown space support establishment at this site?", "kind": "action", "id": "site-fit-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-neighbour-interactions", "name": "Health and neighbour interactions", "description": "Evaluate damage, decline and interactions with surrounding plants.", "rationale": "Walnut management needs to distinguish observed symptoms from causal claims, including claims about juglone effects.", "layers": [ { "id": "symptoms-and-diagnosis", "name": "Symptoms and diagnosis", "description": "Build a dated picture of foliage, bark, roots and attached fruit before selecting treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "damage-pattern", "name": "Damage pattern", "description": "Record where and when damage occurs and what evidence supports competing explanations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which parts show lesions, dieback, feeding damage or premature fruit loss, and how has the pattern changed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "damage-pattern-q01" }, { "text": "What inspection or diagnostic result is needed to distinguish pests, infection and environmental stress?", "kind": "action", "id": "damage-pattern-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-vegetation", "name": "Neighbouring vegetation", "description": "Examine effects on nearby plants without presuming a chemical cause.", "findings": [ { "id": "juglone-claim-evidence", "name": "Evidence for juglone claims", "description": "Treat suspected juglone injury as a hypothesis requiring species-specific and site-specific support.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports a relevant juglone exposure pathway for this walnut and the affected neighbouring plant?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "juglone-claim-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Could shade, root competition, moisture conditions or disease explain the observed neighbouring-plant decline?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "juglone-claim-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "care-and-use-decisions", "name": "Care and use decisions", "description": "Turn evidence about the living walnut into proportionate management decisions.", "rationale": "Care depends on whether the tree is valued for nuts, shade, conservation or another purpose.", "layers": [ { "id": "management-objective", "name": "Management objective", "description": "Relate interventions to the purpose of retaining and managing the tree.", "findings": [ { "id": "objective-led-care", "name": "Objective-led care", "description": "Make the intended outcome and evidence for intervention explicit.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the principal objective nut production, shade, habitat, genetic conservation or future timber?", "kind": "definition", "id": "objective-led-care-q01" }, { "text": "Which watering, mulching, pruning or specialist assessment action is supported by the tree's condition and objective?", "kind": "action", "id": "objective-led-care-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "harvest-and-intervention-boundaries", "name": "Harvest and intervention boundaries", "description": "Identify when decisions move from living-tree management to product handling or authorised tree work.", "findings": [ { "id": "tree-to-product-handoff", "name": "Tree-to-product handoff", "description": "Keep attached-fruit assessment within this model and hand harvested material to the appropriate product model.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observed maturity indicators support harvest for the identified walnut and intended use?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "tree-to-product-handoff-q01" }, { "text": "When fruit or wood is removed, which product record receives its tree provenance and subsequent handling information?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "tree-to-product-handoff-q02" }, { "text": "What ownership, protection or site constraints must be checked before substantial pruning or removal?", "kind": "action", "id": "tree-to-product-handoff-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "No sense was recorded: PHY.LIV supports the tree interpretation, but ordinary usage also denotes the fruit or kernel.", "Species, populations and individual trees require separate treatment; native range and conservation assessments cannot be assigned uniformly to all walnuts.", "This is recall only. Verify accepted species names, database identifiers and any species-specific IUCN category and assessment year before publication." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Persian or English walnut (Juglans regia)", "Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra)", "Butternut (Juglans cinerea)", "Japanese walnut (Juglans ailantifolia)", "Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica)", "Northern California black walnut (Juglans hindsii)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Botanical nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Juglans L.", "note": "Genus attributed to Linnaeus, published in 1753; a genus name does not identify a particular species or individual." }, { "scheme": "GBIF taxon key", "value_or_pattern": "Numeric taxon identifier", "note": "Identifiers distinguish genus and species records; no exact key is supplied from recall." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "Numeric TaxID", "note": "Taxonomy records can identify Juglans and its constituent species; exact values require checking." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, adopted through International Botanical Congresses, governs scientific botanical names." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cultivation for edible seed kernels.", "Production of timber for furniture, cabinetry and veneers.", "Planting as landscape and shade trees.", "Use of selected species and hybrids as rootstocks for orchard cultivars." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Mature tree height", "typical_range": "Approximately 10-40, varying substantially with species and growing conditions", "unit": "m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Walnut kernels can provoke severe allergic reactions in susceptible people.", "Juglone associated with walnut tissues can inhibit susceptible neighbouring plants; effects depend on species and growing conditions.", "Walnut blight can damage leaves, shoots and developing fruits.", "Thousand cankers disease affects susceptible walnuts through a fungus associated with walnut twig beetles.", "Late frosts can injure emerging shoots and flowers, reducing nut production." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Juglans species occur naturally across parts of the Americas and Eurasia; native range must be specified by species.", "Persian or English walnut is widely cultivated beyond its native range for edible kernels.", "Eastern black walnut is native to eastern North America and is valued for both timber and nuts." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Walnut fruit or kernel", "difference": "The fruit and edible seed are parts harvested from the organism; this description covers the tree taxon." }, { "name": "Walnut wood", "difference": "Wood is a material obtained from the tree, rather than the living organism." }, { "name": "Hickory and pecan", "difference": "These belong to Carya, another genus in Juglandaceae, rather than Juglans." }, { "name": "Juglans regia", "difference": "This is one walnut species; Juglans includes multiple species." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of walnut this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.walnut denote Juglans trees generally, Juglans regia specifically, or the edible fruit, and does an existing world model already cover that sense?", "Which accepted taxon, naming authority and date, GBIF identifier and NCBI taxonomy identifier match the registry's original source?", "What verified native range and conservation assessment, including assessment year and geographic scope, apply at the resolved taxonomic granularity?", "Which species, cultivar and rootstock distinctions materially change flowering, site suitability and care decisions?", "What evidence supports locally relevant pest diagnoses, harvest indicators and juglone-related neighbour effects?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a walnut, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a living walnut tree, assess its condition and reproductive potential, and identify appropriate care or management actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: black walnut, Grenoble walnut.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a walnut, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "black walnut", "Grenoble walnut" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one walnut from another, and a walnut from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a walnut sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a walnut from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a walnut is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a walnut and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a walnut is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a walnut is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a walnut is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a walnut moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a walnut passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a walnut between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a walnut, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a walnut is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What walnut is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of walnut, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate walnut from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish walnut from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What walnut does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does walnut pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of walnut judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where walnut lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of walnut, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does walnut hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a walnut came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a walnut and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a walnut is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a walnut, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a walnut, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a walnut is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }