{ "model": { "rank": 6172, "code": "thing-q208729", "model_id": "vr.tr.nougat", "name": "nougat", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a nougat portion or batch, assess its composition, texture and condition, and determine suitable handling, serving or further processing.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q208729/", "tier": 2, "score": 62, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Torrone Nurzia", "Torrone di Bagnara PGI", "The Nougat of Montélimar" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 62, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q208729", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208729", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:59:45Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00638656, "turns": 1, "seconds": 107, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 74.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07bb8-8294-7551-9424-f13d4fd8cf24\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: nougat\nRegistry id: vr.tr.nougat\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy mod" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q208729", "registryId": "vr.tr.nougat", "name": "nougat", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q208729/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.nougat", "name": "nougat", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a nougat portion or batch, assess its composition, texture and condition, and determine suitable handling, serving or further processing.", "definition": "Nougat is a confection of aerated sugar or honey syrup bound with whipped egg white (or another protein foam) and filled with nuts and, often, candied fruit; the set is either chewy (soft, white, or Montélimar-type) or brittle (hard, or torrone-duro type) depending on residual moisture and the sugar-phase composition.", "scope_statement": "This model owns nougat as a confectionery material, including its continuous sweet matrix, incorporated ingredients, physical form and condition; recipe names and regional styles are recorded without assuming that one formulation defines every nougat.", "in_scope": [ "Identity and declared style of a nougat portion or batch", "Sweet matrix, aeration system and incorporated nuts, fruit or other inclusions", "Firmness, chew, brittleness, stickiness and structural uniformity", "Changes in condition associated with storage, exposure and handling", "Suitability for cutting, portioning, serving or incorporation into another food" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Cultivation and primary processing of nuts, sugar crops or other ingredient sources", "Manufacturing equipment design and production-line control", "Packaging manufacture and packaging-system specifications", "The complete identity and condition of a chocolate bar or dessert containing nougat", "Individual dietary requirements and medical management of allergies" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Examine a cut surface and fracture: record whether inclusions sit in a chewy or aerated sweet matrix, or whether the material behaves as a hard, glassy nut brittle.", "Check formulation and processing evidence to distinguish a nougat matrix from a confection whose defining structure is predominantly ground nuts and fat, such as some products called praline.", "Compare the continuous matrix with fudge or fondant using formulation and texture evidence; sweetness, colour and block shape alone do not establish nougat identity.", "For soft aerated material, check the declared confection type and structure-forming ingredients before distinguishing nougat from marshmallow.", "Establish whether the inspected material is nougat itself, an identifiable nougat filling, or merely a nougat-flavoured product." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Declared nougat style", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Recorded style name, naming authority and unresolved classification", "why_it_matters": "Provides context for expected composition and texture without treating a commercial or regional name as proof." }, { "name": "Matrix formulation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Identified sweeteners, structure-forming ingredients and fats; proportions where known", "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition and interpretation of texture, handling behaviour and ingredient constraints." }, { "name": "Inclusion loading", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass percentage by inclusion type, with measurement or recipe basis", "why_it_matters": "Helps explain uneven cutting, fracture and differences between portions." }, { "name": "Aeration", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not established, apparently unaerated, fine-celled, coarse-celled or collapsed", "why_it_matters": "Records matrix structure relevant to recognition, bite and deformation." }, { "name": "Mechanical texture", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Compression or cutting force in N, with sample geometry, temperature and test method", "why_it_matters": "Makes firmness comparisons meaningful and supports portioning decisions." }, { "name": "Handling behaviour", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Brittle, clean-cutting, chewy, stretching, crumbling, sticky or slumping; multiple values allowed", "why_it_matters": "Connects observed behaviour to feasible operations." }, { "name": "Water activity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "aw, dimensionless, with measurement temperature and date", "why_it_matters": "Provides evidence for condition assessment without assuming a universal shelf-life or safety threshold." }, { "name": "Ingredient and allergen evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to batch formulation, ingredient declarations and cross-contact information", "why_it_matters": "Prevents assumptions about nuts, egg, milk or other ingredients from substituting for product-specific evidence." }, { "name": "Exposure history", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to dated temperature, humidity, opening and storage records", "why_it_matters": "Helps interpret changes in stickiness, firmness, aroma and shape." }, { "name": "Condition assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Matches reference, quality deviation, suspected contamination or insufficient evidence", "why_it_matters": "Separates observed quality from an unsupported conclusion that the nougat is suitable to eat." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify and compare nougat portions against a documented style or batch reference.", "Select a cutting or portioning approach from observed firmness, stickiness and inclusion distribution.", "Choose storage and wrapping conditions using product-specific requirements and exposure history.", "Assess compatibility with a proposed filling, coating or dessert application.", "Route a portion for serving, further assessment, reworking or disposal using documented acceptance criteria." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "codex-stan-57", "title": "CXS 57-1981: Standard for Cocoa Butters (and related Codex confectionery vocabulary used in chocolate and sugar confectionery standards)", "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/", "what_it_supports": "Confirms confectionery as a regulated food class and the Codex framework under which nougat, as a sugar confection, is traded; nougat itself has no dedicated Codex commodity standard.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "eu-pgi-montelimar", "title": "Nougat de Montélimar - protected geographical indication (PGI) product specification", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/eambrosia/", "what_it_supports": "Legal definition of Montélimar nougat (honey, almonds/pistachios, egg white, optional candied fruit; minimum nut content and honey share) as the European reference soft-white style.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "eu-pdo-turron-jijona-alicante", "title": "Jijona and Turrón de Alicante - protected designations of origin (PDO) specifications", "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/eambrosia/", "what_it_supports": "Spanish hard (Alicante) versus soft/ground (Jijona) almond-honey confections that are the Iberian neighbours and legal counterparts of French nougat.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wikidata-nougat", "title": "Nougat (Q128267) - Wikidata", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128267", "what_it_supports": "Canonical item for the confection; labels and sitelinks distinguish it from German Nuss-Nougat (gianduja-type) and from the Meta OCR model of the same name.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "codex-stan-192", "title": "CXS 192-1995: General Standard for Food Additives", "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/list-standards/en/", "what_it_supports": "Additive permissions for the food category that covers nougat (sugar confectionery, typically GSFA 05.2) - colours, emulsifiers, humectants used in industrial nougat.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "bfr-or-fda-confectionery", "title": "FDA Food Code / 21 CFR Part 110-117 and EU Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs, as applied to confectionery manufacture", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21", "what_it_supports": "Hygiene, allergen labelling, and process-control duties that govern commercial nougat (egg, tree nuts, peanuts).", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "nougat-identity", "name": "Nougat identity", "description": "Establish what the nougat designation refers to and how it is supported.", "rationale": "The name alone does not resolve style, formulation or whether nougat is the inspected material rather than one component.", "layers": [ { "id": "style-and-evidence", "name": "Style and evidence", "description": "Connect the declared identity to formulation and observable structure.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-style", "name": "Supported style", "description": "Record the declared style and evidence supporting or challenging that designation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What nougat style or product designation is claimed, and by whom?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-style-q01" }, { "text": "Which formulation and cut-surface observations support that designation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-style-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-boundary", "name": "Material boundary", "description": "Separate nougat from coatings, wafers and larger foods containing it.", "findings": [ { "id": "inspected-nougat-extent", "name": "Inspected nougat extent", "description": "Identify the material being assessed and the interfaces that affect its behaviour.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the assessed item standalone nougat, a separated filling or nougat within a composite food?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "inspected-nougat-extent-q01" }, { "text": "Which coatings, wafers or adjacent fillings must be distinguished from the nougat matrix during assessment?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "inspected-nougat-extent-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "matrix-and-inclusions", "name": "Matrix and inclusions", "description": "Describe the continuous confectionery matrix and the ingredients distributed through it.", "rationale": "Matrix composition and inclusions jointly determine identity, eating properties and processing constraints.", "layers": [ { "id": "matrix-composition", "name": "Matrix composition", "description": "Record how the sweet matrix is constituted and structured.", "findings": [ { "id": "matrix-forming-ingredients", "name": "Matrix-forming ingredients", "description": "Identify sweeteners and ingredients associated with aeration, binding or fat content without presuming a mandatory recipe.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sweeteners and structure-forming ingredients are documented for this batch?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "matrix-forming-ingredients-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes whether the matrix was aerated and how that structure was produced?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "matrix-forming-ingredients-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "inclusion-profile", "name": "Inclusion profile", "description": "Characterise nuts, fruit and other inclusions together with ingredient restrictions.", "findings": [ { "id": "inclusion-distribution-and-declarations", "name": "Inclusion distribution and declarations", "description": "Record inclusion identity, loading and distribution alongside batch-specific allergen evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What inclusions are present, at what approximate mass fractions and particle sizes, and how evenly are they distributed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "inclusion-distribution-and-declarations-q01" }, { "text": "Which ingredient declarations and cross-contact records apply to this nougat batch?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "inclusion-distribution-and-declarations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "texture-and-portionability", "name": "Texture and portionability", "description": "Assess how the nougat holds shape, deforms and separates under relevant conditions.", "rationale": "A nougat portion can require substantially different handling depending on its temperature, matrix structure and inclusion loading.", "layers": [ { "id": "matrix-mechanics", "name": "Matrix mechanics", "description": "Describe firmness and deformation using reproducible observations.", "findings": [ { "id": "temperature-specific-texture", "name": "Temperature-specific texture", "description": "Associate texture observations with the conditions under which they were obtained.", "questions": [ { "text": "At the intended handling temperature, does the nougat fracture, compress, stretch or slump?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "temperature-specific-texture-q01" }, { "text": "What cutting or compression result was obtained, using what sample dimensions, temperature and method?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "temperature-specific-texture-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "portion-separation", "name": "Portion separation", "description": "Assess whether practical portions can be produced and released intact.", "findings": [ { "id": "cut-and-release-behaviour", "name": "Cut and release behaviour", "description": "Record adhesion, tearing and inclusion-related fracture during portioning.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does portioning produce clean faces, stretched strands, loose inclusions or extensive shattering?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "cut-and-release-behaviour-q01" }, { "text": "Which tested tool, portion size and handling conditions achieve acceptable separation and release?", "kind": "action", "id": "cut-and-release-behaviour-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "nougat-condition", "name": "Nougat condition", "description": "Interpret changes in the matrix and inclusions against a documented reference.", "rationale": "Texture drift, surface changes and inclusion deterioration need separate assessment rather than one undifferentiated freshness label.", "layers": [ { "id": "moisture-and-structure-change", "name": "Moisture and structure change", "description": "Track physical changes associated with exposure and storage.", "findings": [ { "id": "matrix-condition-drift", "name": "Matrix condition drift", "description": "Record departures from expected firmness, surface dryness and structural uniformity without assuming their cause.", "questions": [ { "text": "Compared with the batch reference, has the nougat become stickier, harder, grainier, collapsed or visibly separated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "matrix-condition-drift-q01" }, { "text": "What water-activity measurements and temperature or humidity history are available to investigate those changes?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "matrix-condition-drift-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deterioration-and-contamination", "name": "Deterioration and contamination", "description": "Assess suspect changes in inclusions and matrix using appropriate evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-disposition-evidence", "name": "Condition disposition evidence", "description": "Distinguish quality defects from unresolved suitability or contamination concerns.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are there unexpected odours, discolouration, visible growth, foreign material or other deviations from the documented reference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-disposition-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which product-specific criteria require holding, testing or discarding this portion or batch?", "kind": "action", "id": "condition-disposition-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-food-use", "name": "Handling and food use", "description": "Connect the assessed nougat state to storage, serving and incorporation decisions.", "rationale": "Useful actions depend on maintaining the desired texture and understanding interactions with neighbouring food materials.", "layers": [ { "id": "storage-and-release", "name": "Storage and release", "description": "Determine conditions that preserve the intended form and allow removal from contact materials.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-storage-conditions", "name": "Supported storage conditions", "description": "Record applicable storage instructions and observed wrapper or surface adhesion.", "questions": [ { "text": "What storage conditions and opened-product instructions are supported for this formulation and packaging?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-storage-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "Which contact material and handling temperature allow the nougat to release without unacceptable sticking or deformation?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-storage-conditions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "application-compatibility", "name": "Application compatibility", "description": "Evaluate a proposed serving, coating, filling or reworking operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "proposed-use-feasibility", "name": "Proposed use feasibility", "description": "Assess whether the nougat can meet the texture and integrity requirements of its next use.", "questions": [ { "text": "What bite, shape retention and portion dimensions must the nougat provide in the proposed application?", "kind": "definition", "id": "proposed-use-feasibility-q01" }, { "text": "What trial or documented evidence supports its behaviour during the proposed heating, coating or contact with a moist filling?", "kind": "action", "id": "proposed-use-feasibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Soft white nougat (nougat de Montélimar / torrone morbido / turrón blando): chewy, egg-white foam, typically almonds and/or pistachios, sometimes candied fruit", "Hard nougat (torrone duro / turrón duro / nougat croquant): low-moisture, brittle sugar matrix, snapped rather than chewed", "Brown or caramel nougat (nougat noir / nougat de Provence / turrón de Jijona-adjacent brown styles): caramelised or unwhipped honey-nut paste without a white protein foam", "Chocolate-coated or bar-filling nougat: industrial aerated syrup-protein mass used as the chewy centre of chocolate bars (e.g. 3 Musketeers, Milky Way, Mars-family fillings)", "Viennese / German nougat (Nougat, Nuss-Nougat): in German-speaking retail, a smooth roasted-hazelnut-and-chocolate gianduja-type paste, not a whipped honey foam", "Persian gaz: nougat-like aerated honey or sugar confection set with the sap of Anzarut (Astragalus) or egg white, typically pistachios or almonds", "Cuban / Caribbean turrón de maní and Latin American peanut nougats: peanut-forward hard or chewy bars sold as turrón or nougat", "Halva-adjacent sesame or nut nougats: regional bars that share the aerated-sugar-plus-nuts idea but are classified locally as halvah, pasteli, or gachak rather than nougat" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q128267", "note": "Item for the confection nougat; not Q116447008 (Meta Nougat OCR model) and not German Nuss-Nougat/gianduja items." }, { "scheme": "CN / TARIC (EU Combined Nomenclature)", "value_or_pattern": "1704 90 (sugar confectionery not containing cocoa); 1806 90 when chocolate-coated or cocoa-containing", "note": "Nougat is not a single CN heading; classification follows cocoa content and presentation (bar, bulk, coated)." }, { "scheme": "GS1 GTIN / EAN", "value_or_pattern": "product-level 13- or 14-digit GTIN assigned by the brand owner", "note": "No generic nougat GTIN; each SKU (Montélimar bar, industrial slab, chocolate-bar centre) has its own." }, { "scheme": "EU GI eAmbrosia / DOOR", "value_or_pattern": "PGI Nougat de Montélimar; PDO Jijona; PDO Turrón de Alicante; related GIs (e.g. Torrone di Cremona, turrón de Agramunt PGI)", "note": "Protected names, not a code for the generic product." }, { "scheme": "Codex GSFA food category", "value_or_pattern": "05.2 (confectionery including hard and soft candy, nougats, etc.) under CXS 192-1995", "note": "Category for additive permissions, not a product identity code." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Codex Alimentarius CXS 192-1995 General Standard for Food Additives (FAO/WHO Codex) - sugar-confectionery category covering nougat", "Codex CXS 1-1985 General Standard for the Labelling of Prepackaged Foods (FAO/WHO Codex)", "Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 on food information to consumers (European Union) - mandatory allergen declaration for egg, tree nuts, peanuts, sesame", "Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs (European Union)", "Commission Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 on quality schemes (European Union) - PGI Nougat de Montélimar and PDO/PGI turrón and torrone specifications as product standards", "FDA 21 CFR Part 101 (labelling) and 21 CFR Part 117 (cGMP, hazard analysis, risk-based preventive controls) (United States FDA) for confectionery in interstate commerce", "ISO 22000 / FSSC 22000 food-safety management (ISO / Foundation FSSC) as the usual private-scheme overlay in industrial nougat plants" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Sold as cut slabs, bars, or bite-size pieces in confectionery shops and Christmas markets, especially in southern France, Spain, Italy, and the Middle East", "Industrial filling for chocolate-enrobed bars: aerated glucose-invert syrup plus milk-protein or egg-albumin foam, deposited then coated", "Protected-origin gift and festive product: Montélimar nougat, Alicante/Jijona turrón, Cremona torrone, Iranian gaz for Nowruz", "Ingredient in ice cream, gelato, and bakery inclusions (chopped nougat pieces, nougatine crunch)", "German and Central European 'Nougat' as a spread or praline filling (hazelnut-cocoa paste) used in biscuits, wafers, and seasonal figures" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "moisture / water activity (aw)", "typical_range": "soft nougat ~8-12% moisture, aw ~0.45-0.65; hard nougat ~3-7% moisture, aw ~0.30-0.45", "unit": "% m/m and dimensionless aw" }, { "quantity": "nut content (almond, pistachio, hazelnut, peanut)", "typical_range": "PGI Montélimar minimum 30% almonds and/or pistachios; hard turrón de Alicante often ≥60% almond; industrial bar nougat often 0-15%", "unit": "% m/m" }, { "quantity": "honey share (traditional white nougat)", "typical_range": "Montélimar PGI typically ≥25-30% honey in the syrup phase; industrial recipes often 0-10% honey with glucose/invert substituting", "unit": "% m/m" }, { "quantity": "cooking / syrup temperature (soft vs hard set)", "typical_range": "soft/chewy ~120-130 °C (firm-ball); hard/brittle ~140-155 °C (hard-ball to soft-crack)", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "protein foam (egg white / albumin / hydrolysed milk protein)", "typical_range": "1-5% dry protein in the mass for white nougat; near 0% in brown nougat noir and in German Nuss-Nougat paste", "unit": "% m/m" }, { "quantity": "piece mass (retail bar or cut slab)", "typical_range": "bite 8-20 g; bar 30-100 g; artisan slab 100-500 g", "unit": "g" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Allergen hazard: egg, tree nuts (almond, pistachio, hazelnut, walnut), peanut, and sometimes sesame - undeclared cross-contact is the main public-health failure", "Graining / recrystallisation of sucrose, producing a sandy texture instead of a smooth chew", "Collapse of the protein foam (overbeating, fat contamination, or undercooked syrup) yielding a dense, greasy mass", "Moisture migration: soft nougat weeps or becomes sticky in humid storage; hard nougat absorbs water and loses snap", "Lipid oxidation of nuts (especially walnuts and pistachios) causing rancid flavour on long storage", "Salmonella or other pathogen risk from raw or undercooked egg white if the syrup does not pasteurise the foam; commercial practice uses pasteurised albumin or a kill-step in the hot syrup", "Choking hazard from hard nougat shards, particularly for children and older adults", "In German-type Nuss-Nougat, confusion with chocolate can hide undeclared nuts for allergic consumers" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "France: nougat blanc (Montélimar, white, chewy) versus nougat noir (Provence, caramelised honey and nuts, no egg foam)", "Spain: turrón duro (Alicante, hard almond) versus turrón blando / Jijona (ground, oily, soft); Christmas staple", "Italy: torrone (Cremona, Siena, Benevento, Sicily) from soft to very hard; often with a wafer (ostia) top and bottom", "German-speaking Europe: 'Nougat' in shops usually means a smooth hazelnut-chocolate paste (gianduja / Nuss-Nougat-Creme), while the French confection is sold as 'Türkischer Honig' or 'French nougat'", "Iran: gaz (Isfahan) uses Anzarut sap or egg white with pistachios; a national sweet, not labelled nougat domestically", "United Kingdom / United States: 'nougat' is most often the aerated chocolate-bar centre, not the artisan Montélimar slab", "Latin America: turrón often means a peanut brittle or nougat bar (e.g. turrón de maní), distinct from Spanish Christmas turrón", "Middle East and Maghreb: related names (malban, nougatine, châba) overlap with Turkish delight and sesame snaps" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Marshmallow / marshmallow cream", "difference": "Marshmallow is a gelatin- or starch-set sugar foam with little or no nut load; nougat is a hot-syrup protein foam whose chew comes from the sugar glass and nuts, not from gelatin." }, { "name": "Gianduja / German Nuss-Nougat / chocolate-hazelnut spread", "difference": "A fat-continuous roasted-nut and cocoa paste; it does not contain a whipped honey/egg-white foam. In German retail the word Nougat usually names this paste, not French nougat." }, { "name": "Brittle / nut brittle / nougatine / praline croquante", "difference": "Brittle is a non-aerated caramel or sugar glass with nuts; nougatine is the caramelised-nut crunch used as a garnish. White nougat is aerated; nougat noir sits on the brittle side of the line." }, { "name": "Halva (sesame or sunflower)", "difference": "Halva is typically a pulled or aerated sugar mass bound with tahini (fat-protein) rather than egg-white foam; nut inclusions are optional. Texture is short/crumbly, not chewy-elastic." }, { "name": "Turkish delight (lokum)", "difference": "Starch-gelled sugar paste, often rose or fruit flavoured, dusted with starch or coconut; not a protein foam and not defined by nuts, though nut lokum exists." }, { "name": "Turrón de Alicante / torrone duro", "difference": "Legally and historically the Iberian/Italian hard sibling of nougat; same family. Separation is geographic and GI-legal (almond-honey ratios, wafer, grind), not a different chemistry." }, { "name": "Meta Nougat (document OCR model)", "difference": "A neural network for academic PDFs (Neural Optical Understanding for Academic Documents). Homonym only; Wikidata Q116447008 versus confection Q128267." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of nougat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which regional and commercial meanings of nougat should this registry entry encompass, particularly products with markedly different matrix structures?", "What minimum formulation and structural evidence can reliably distinguish ambiguous nougat products from brittle, praline, fudge and marshmallow?", "Which texture tests and temperature conditions provide useful comparisons across soft, chewy and hard nougat styles?", "What formulation-specific evidence establishes acceptable storage duration, water activity and disposition criteria?", "When should an edible wafer or coating be treated as part of a nougat portion's supplied form versus a component owned by a neighbouring composite-food model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a nougat, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a nougat portion or batch, assess its composition, texture and condition, and determine suitable handling, serving or further processing.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Torrone Nurzia, Torrone di Bagnara PGI, The Nougat of Montélimar.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a nougat, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Torrone Nurzia", "Torrone di Bagnara PGI", "The Nougat of Montélimar" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one nougat from another, and a nougat from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a nougat sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a nougat from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a nougat is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a nougat is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a nougat is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a nougat is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a nougat is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a nougat is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a nougat passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a nougat between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a nougat, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a nougat is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a nougat and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a nougat is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a nougat performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a nougat.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a nougat at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a nougat there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What nougat is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name nougat unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of nougat exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How nougat behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of nougat, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is nougat incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How nougat can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is nougat classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover nougat, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a nougat came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a nougat and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a nougat is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a nougat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a nougat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a nougat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }