{ "model": { "rank": 6577, "code": "thing-q208791", "model_id": "vr.tr.aquifer", "name": "aquifer", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise an aquifer, assess its groundwater storage, flow and condition, and identify evidence and constraints needed before monitoring, abstraction, recharge or protection actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q208791/", "tier": 2, "score": 59, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "artesian aquifer", "karstic aquifer", "vadose zone", "Sole Source Aquifer", "phreatic zone", "surficial aquifer" ], "aliasCount": 6, "merged": 6, "knownIn": 59, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.aquifer", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q208791", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T23:03:23Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08868-5f77-7083-b086-762405a6a505\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: aquifer\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 007: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 67.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08868-5f78-7aa3-92bf-1fb6fae9eef4\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: aquifer\nRegistry id: vr.tr.aquifer\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q208791", "registryId": "vr.tr.aquifer", "name": "aquifer", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q208791/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.aquifer", "name": "aquifer", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise an aquifer, assess its groundwater storage, flow and condition, and identify evidence and constraints needed before monitoring, abstraction, recharge or protection actions.", "definition": "An aquifer is a body of permeable rock or unconsolidated sediment that stores groundwater and transmits it in sufficient quantities to supply wells or springs.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the aquifer as a hydraulically meaningful body of permeable geological material containing and transmitting groundwater, including its interpreted boundaries, hydraulic properties, groundwater condition and connections to surrounding systems.", "in_scope": [ "Geological framework, saturated extent and uncertainty in aquifer boundaries", "Groundwater storage, hydraulic head and flow through pores, fractures or conduits", "Recharge, discharge and exchanges with connected aquifers and surface waters", "Groundwater chemistry, contamination and vulnerability", "Aquifer response to abstraction, recharge and other disturbances" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Individual wells, pumps and water-treatment infrastructure as engineered assets", "Whole river basins and surface-water bodies beyond their groundwater interfaces", "Water rights, permits and operating organisations as independent legal or institutional entities", "Groundwater samples and laboratory procedures as independent observation records", "Unsaturated-zone processes except where they explain recharge or contaminant transfer" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Contains a saturated geological interval capable of transmitting usable quantities of groundwater; the use and scale supporting that classification must be stated.", "Differs from an aquitard by its groundwater-transmitting role within the local hydrogeological system, rather than by a universal permeability threshold.", "Is the water-bearing geological body, whereas groundwater is the water within it and a well is an access structure.", "May cross administrative and surface-drainage boundaries; its extent requires geological and hydraulic evidence.", "May transmit water through intergranular pores, fractures or dissolution conduits and does not require an underground cavity." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Aquifer extent and saturated thickness", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mapped geometry with coordinate reference system; elevations and thickness in m; observation date and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Defines the interpreted groundwater-bearing volume and identifies where declining saturation may change behaviour." }, { "name": "Host material and flow medium", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Lithology; intergranular, fractured, karstic or mixed flow", "why_it_matters": "Determines which storage, flow and transport assumptions are plausible." }, { "name": "Confinement", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unconfined, confined, leaky or locally variable; perched occurrence recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Controls how head changes relate to pressure, saturation and recharge access." }, { "name": "Hydraulic conductivity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m/s or m/day; direction, tested interval, method and spatial scale", "why_it_matters": "Describes the capacity of the geological material to transmit groundwater and exposes directional differences." }, { "name": "Transmissivity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m²/day; contributing saturated interval and test conditions", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of aquifer flow capacity and pumping response." }, { "name": "Storage properties", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Storativity and specific yield as dimensionless values; specific storage in m⁻¹ where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes pressure-related water release from drainage of pore space." }, { "name": "Hydraulic head", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m relative to a stated vertical datum; time, screened interval and density correction where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of gradients, groundwater trends and hydraulic connections." }, { "name": "Recharge and discharge", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m³/day over a defined boundary or mm/year over a defined area; period and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Frames the water balance and prevents unsupported assumptions about replenishment." }, { "name": "Hydraulic connections", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Connected aquifers, confining units, rivers, lakes, springs, wetlands and coastal waters; exchange direction and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Identifies where changes in the aquifer can affect other water bodies or dependent ecosystems." }, { "name": "Groundwater quality", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Constituent concentrations with units, salinity, temperature, pH and redox indicators; location, depth and date", "why_it_matters": "Supports use-specific suitability assessments and detection of contamination or salinisation." }, { "name": "Response to imposed stress", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Drawdown and recovery in m over time; spring-flow change in m³/day; subsidence in mm where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Links abstraction or recharge to observed aquifer response and potential impacts." } ], "affordances": [ "Delineate an aquifer and record competing interpretations of its boundaries.", "Locate monitoring intervals that distinguish groundwater levels, flow paths and quality changes.", "Evaluate abstraction scenarios against drawdown, connected-water impacts and stated management objectives.", "Assess managed-recharge proposals for hydraulic acceptance, water compatibility and contaminant mobilisation.", "Trace plausible contaminant pathways and prioritise protection or investigation areas.", "Compare observed aquifer response with predictions and revise confidence in proposed actions." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "geological-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Geological identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes which geological body constitutes the aquifer and where that interpretation is uncertain.", "rationale": "Aquifer names and mapped formations do not by themselves establish a hydraulically coherent groundwater body.", "layers": [ { "id": "host-material-and-flow-paths", "name": "Host material and flow paths", "description": "Characterises the geological materials and openings that store and transmit groundwater.", "findings": [ { "id": "water-bearing-framework", "name": "Water-bearing framework", "description": "Record evidence for saturated permeable intervals and distinguish pore, fracture and conduit contributions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which geological intervals transmit groundwater sufficiently to justify their inclusion, and for what use or assessment scale?", "kind": "definition", "id": "water-bearing-framework-q01" }, { "text": "Which borehole logs, outcrops, geophysical surveys or hydraulic tests support the interpreted flow medium?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "water-bearing-framework-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "extent-and-confinement", "name": "Extent and confinement", "description": "Separates physical aquifer limits from mapping conventions and management boundaries.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpreted-aquifer-envelope", "name": "Interpreted aquifer envelope", "description": "Record lateral and vertical limits, confining units and changes in confinement or saturation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which boundaries are geological contacts, groundwater divides, hydraulic barriers or administrative conventions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "interpreted-aquifer-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "Where is the aquifer confined, unconfined, leaky or perched, and could that classification change with groundwater level?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpreted-aquifer-envelope-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "groundwater-storage-and-transmission", "name": "Groundwater storage and transmission", "description": "Describes how the aquifer holds water and transmits it under hydraulic gradients.", "rationale": "Stored groundwater volume, water released by drawdown and deliverable flow are different quantities needed for different decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "storage-mechanisms", "name": "Storage mechanisms", "description": "Distinguishes saturated volume, drainable storage and elastic storage.", "findings": [ { "id": "storage-evidence", "name": "Storage evidence", "description": "Record storage parameters with their physical interpretation, tested interval and uncertainty.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which estimates describe total pore water, gravity-drainable water or pressure-related water release?", "kind": "definition", "id": "storage-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "How were saturated thickness, specific yield or storativity estimated, and over what spatial scale?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "storage-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "hydraulic-properties-and-gradients", "name": "Hydraulic properties and gradients", "description": "Connects measured hydraulic properties to groundwater movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "flow-capacity-and-direction", "name": "Flow capacity and direction", "description": "Record conductivity, transmissivity and head distributions without assuming spatial uniformity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What tests constrain conductivity and transmissivity, and what heterogeneity or anisotropy do they reveal?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "flow-capacity-and-direction-q01" }, { "text": "Do comparable head measurements establish horizontal and vertical gradients across the relevant intervals and seasons?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "flow-capacity-and-direction-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "recharge-discharge-and-connectivity", "name": "Recharge, discharge and connectivity", "description": "Accounts for water entering, leaving and exchanging across the aquifer boundary.", "rationale": "Aquifer behaviour depends on connected systems and delayed exchanges as well as water stored within its mapped extent.", "layers": [ { "id": "recharge-pathways", "name": "Recharge pathways", "description": "Identifies sources, entry routes and timing of groundwater replenishment.", "findings": [ { "id": "recharge-origin-and-timing", "name": "Recharge origin and timing", "description": "Distinguish diffuse infiltration, focused recharge, leakage and induced or managed recharge.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which recharge pathways are supported by observations, and which remain conceptual assumptions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "recharge-origin-and-timing-q01" }, { "text": "What recharge rates and travel-time ranges are supported for the stated area and period?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "recharge-origin-and-timing-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "discharge-and-connected-receptors", "name": "Discharge and connected receptors", "description": "Identifies outflows and the water bodies or ecosystems affected by changes in groundwater exchange.", "findings": [ { "id": "exchange-network", "name": "Exchange network", "description": "Record springs, surface waters, adjacent aquifers and coastal interfaces with evidence for exchange direction and variability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where does groundwater discharge or cross into neighbouring systems, and can those exchanges reverse?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "exchange-network-q01" }, { "text": "How are abstraction, recharge, discharge and storage change reconciled in the water balance, including uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "exchange-network-q02" }, { "text": "Which connected receptors require assessment before changing abstraction or recharge?", "kind": "action", "id": "exchange-network-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "groundwater-quality-and-vulnerability", "name": "Groundwater quality and vulnerability", "description": "Characterises groundwater chemistry and the pathways through which its condition may change.", "rationale": "An aquifer can retain hydraulic capacity while losing suitability for a particular use or transmitting contamination to connected receptors.", "layers": [ { "id": "hydrochemical-condition", "name": "Hydrochemical condition", "description": "Establishes spatial and temporal groundwater-quality evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "quality-distribution-and-baseline", "name": "Quality distribution and baseline", "description": "Separate measured chemistry, interpreted natural background and use-specific quality assessments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sampled depths, locations and dates support the reported groundwater-quality condition?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "quality-distribution-and-baseline-q01" }, { "text": "Which constituents or salinity trends differ from the supported baseline, and how certain is that baseline?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "quality-distribution-and-baseline-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contaminant-entry-and-transport", "name": "Contaminant entry and transport", "description": "Examines entry pathways, movement and processes affecting contaminant persistence.", "findings": [ { "id": "vulnerability-and-migration", "name": "Vulnerability and migration", "description": "Record plausible contaminant sources, protective layers, preferential pathways and evidence for attenuation or mobilisation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which recharge zones, fractures, conduits or wells could connect contaminant sources to groundwater?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "vulnerability-and-migration-q01" }, { "text": "What observations constrain transport times, attenuation and possible salinity or contaminant mobilisation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "vulnerability-and-migration-q02" }, { "text": "Which monitoring or protection actions address the pathways supported by current evidence?", "kind": "action", "id": "vulnerability-and-migration-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "stress-response-and-action-limits", "name": "Stress response and action limits", "description": "Connects proposed interventions to aquifer response, decision criteria and monitoring needs.", "rationale": "A defensible aquifer action requires explicit objectives and impact evidence; recharge estimates alone cannot establish an acceptable abstraction rate.", "layers": [ { "id": "response-to-abstraction-and-recharge", "name": "Response to abstraction and recharge", "description": "Tracks observed and predicted effects of imposed hydraulic stresses.", "findings": [ { "id": "drawdown-recovery-and-secondary-effects", "name": "Drawdown, recovery and secondary effects", "description": "Record responses to pumping or recharge, including delayed effects on connected waters, ground stability and quality where relevant.", "questions": [ { "text": "What drawdown, recovery or groundwater mounding has been observed under documented pumping or recharge histories?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "drawdown-recovery-and-secondary-effects-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports risks of connected-water depletion, subsidence, saline intrusion or contaminant movement in this aquifer?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "drawdown-recovery-and-secondary-effects-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "decision-thresholds-and-monitoring", "name": "Decision thresholds and monitoring", "description": "Defines how evidence supports, limits or triggers revision of an intervention.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditional-operating-envelope", "name": "Conditional operating envelope", "description": "Link proposed actions to stated objectives, external authorisations, uncertainty and observable response thresholds.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which groundwater-level, quality and connected-receptor thresholds define acceptable outcomes, and who established them?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "conditional-operating-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "What monitoring results would trigger reduction, suspension or revision of abstraction or recharge?", "kind": "action", "id": "conditional-operating-envelope-q02" }, { "text": "Which unresolved uncertainties prevent a proposed action from being judged adequately?", "kind": "action", "id": "conditional-operating-envelope-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The listed kinds overlap: confinement and the nature of the water-bearing material are separate classification dimensions.", "Whether a formation qualifies as an aquifer depends partly on the quantity of water required for the intended use.", "No sources were consulted; local identifiers, applicable rules and numerical property ranges require site-specific verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Unconfined aquifer", "Confined aquifer", "Semiconfined or leaky aquifer", "Perched aquifer", "Fractured-rock aquifer", "Karst aquifer" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Supplying drinking water through wells and boreholes", "Providing irrigation and industrial process water", "Storing water through managed aquifer recharge", "Sustaining springs, wetlands and stream baseflow", "Providing groundwater for heating and cooling systems" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Hydraulic conductivity", "typical_range": "Varies by orders of magnitude with material and fracture connectivity; no universal typical range", "unit": "m/s" }, { "quantity": "Transmissivity", "typical_range": "Site-dependent; reflects hydraulic conductivity integrated over saturated thickness", "unit": "m²/s" }, { "quantity": "Storativity", "typical_range": "Depends strongly on confinement and aquifer properties; no universal typical range", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Hydraulic head", "typical_range": "Site-dependent and measured relative to a stated elevation datum", "unit": "m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Excessive abstraction can lower groundwater levels, reduce well yields and diminish spring discharge or stream baseflow.", "Contamination can persist and spread through groundwater flow, making remediation difficult.", "Pumping can induce seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers or draw saline water from adjacent formations.", "Declining groundwater pressure can compact susceptible sediments, causing land subsidence and irreversible storage loss.", "Natural groundwater chemistry can make water unsuitable for use, including through arsenic, fluoride or elevated salinity." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Arid-region aquifers may contain groundwater recharged under past climates, with little replenishment under present conditions.", "Carbonate terrains often contain karst aquifers with conduit flow, while sand and gravel aquifers predominantly transmit water through connected pores.", "Aquifer boundaries may cross administrative or national borders, requiring management across jurisdictions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "groundwater", "difference": "Groundwater is the subsurface water; an aquifer is the geological body that stores and transmits it." }, { "name": "aquitard", "difference": "An aquitard transmits water much more slowly and restricts groundwater flow relative to adjoining aquifers." }, { "name": "water table", "difference": "The water table is the surface at which groundwater pressure equals atmospheric pressure in an unconfined system, not the water-bearing geological body." }, { "name": "aquifer system", "difference": "An aquifer system comprises hydraulically related aquifers and intervening confining units considered together." }, { "name": "groundwater basin", "difference": "A groundwater basin is a region defined by groundwater boundaries and flow relationships and may contain multiple aquifers." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of aquifer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "What operational definition of sufficient groundwater yield should distinguish an aquifer from an aquitard across different uses and mapping scales?", "How should one aquifer be distinguished from a multilayer aquifer system when hydraulic connections are partial or poorly measured?", "What minimum evidence and confidence labels should accompany boundaries, hydraulic parameters and inferred connections?", "How should groundwater residence time, recharge timescale and recoverable storage be represented without implying that old groundwater is readily replenished?", "Which regional objectives and receptor-specific thresholds are needed before acceptable abstraction or managed recharge can be assessed?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a aquifer, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise an aquifer, assess its groundwater storage, flow and condition, and identify evidence and constraints needed before monitoring, abstraction, recharge or protection actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: artesian aquifer, karstic aquifer, vadose zone, Sole Source Aquifer, phreatic zone, surficial aquifer.", "6 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a aquifer, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "artesian aquifer", "karstic aquifer", "vadose zone", "Sole Source Aquifer", "phreatic zone", "surficial aquifer" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 6 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one aquifer from another, and a aquifer from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a aquifer sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a aquifer from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a aquifer is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a aquifer is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a aquifer is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a aquifer is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a aquifer is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a aquifer is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a aquifer passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a aquifer between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a aquifer, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a aquifer is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What aquifer is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does aquifer perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise aquifer, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How aquifer is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does aquifer have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does aquifer need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about aquifer is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about aquifer hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern aquifer, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a aquifer came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a aquifer and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a aquifer is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a aquifer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a aquifer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a aquifer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }