{ "model": { "rank": 9640, "code": "thing-q210028", "model_id": "vr.tr.scattering", "name": "scattering", "purpose": "Let an agent handle scattering by kind, physics, measurement techniques and applications.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.PRC", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q210028/", "tier": 2, "score": 47, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "dynamic light scattering", "Cold Spark machine", "light scattering", "elastic scattering", "coherent scattering", "incoherent scattering", "multiple scattering", "Delbrück scattering", "electron scattering", "evanescent wave scattering", "neutron scattering", "Thomson scattering", "polymer scattering", "inelastic scattering", "Møller scattering", "Brillouin scattering", "phonon scattering", "Umklapp scattering", "small-angle scattering", "Rutherford scattering", "Mie scattering", "hyper–Rayleigh scattering", "light scattering by particles", "multiangle light scattering", "static light scattering", "inelastic neutron scattering", "neutron backscattering" ], "aliasCount": 27, "merged": 27, "knownIn": 47, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.scattering-process", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q210028", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T09:36:59Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q210028", "registryId": "vr.tr.scattering", "name": "scattering", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.PRC" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q210028/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.scattering", "name": "scattering", "purpose": "Let an agent handle scattering by kind, physics, measurement techniques and applications.", "definition": "A physical process in which particles or waves, such as light, sound or particles, are deflected from a straight path by interactions with matter or fields; includes elastic and inelastic, Rayleigh, Mie and Compton scattering.", "what_it_is_for": "Explaining phenomena and probing matter in science and engineering.", "affordances": [ "explain why the sky is blue", "compare scattering types", "choose scattering techniques for analysis", "interpret cross sections" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Deflection by interaction", "Depends on wavelength and particle size", "Quantified by cross sections", "Basis of many analytic methods" ], "appearance": "Seen as haze, sky colour, glare or diffraction patterns.", "visual_identification": [ "Rayleigh for small particles, Mie for larger", "Elastic versus inelastic", "Scattering of seeds or ashes is an everyday sense" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "Rayleigh scattering", "Mie scattering", "Compton scattering", "Raman scattering", "neutron and X-ray scattering" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "physical process", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "involves", "target": "light and particles", "why": "objects" }, { "relation": "is measured as", "target": "cross section", "why": "quantity" }, { "relation": "is used in", "target": "dynamic light scattering", "why": "technique" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO 22412 dynamic light scattering", "Radiation safety rules for X-ray and neutron facilities" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Radiation exposure at facilities", "Misinterpreting particle size data" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "physics", "name": "Physics", "description": "Which scattering.", "rationale": "Types differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "kind", "name": "Kind", "description": "Rayleigh, Mie.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-finding", "name": "Kind", "description": "Scattering kind.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which kind of scattering applies here?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is it elastic or inelastic?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dependence", "name": "Dependence", "description": "Wavelength and size.", "findings": [ { "id": "dependence-finding", "name": "Dependence", "description": "Dependence.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does it depend on wavelength and particle size?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What is the cross section?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "phenomena", "name": "Phenomena", "description": "Everyday effects.", "rationale": "Scattering explains sights.", "layers": [ { "id": "sky", "name": "Sky", "description": "Blue sky and sunsets.", "findings": [ { "id": "sky-finding", "name": "Sky", "description": "Sky colour.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why is the sky blue and sunsets red?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which scattering explains it?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "haze", "name": "Haze", "description": "Aerosols.", "findings": [ { "id": "haze-finding", "name": "Haze", "description": "Haze.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do aerosols reduce visibility?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How is it measured?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "techniques", "name": "Techniques", "description": "Analysis.", "rationale": "Scattering probes matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "choice", "name": "Choice", "description": "Method.", "findings": [ { "id": "choice-finding", "name": "Choice", "description": "Technique choice.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which scattering technique suits this sample?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What size range can it measure?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "data", "name": "Data", "description": "Interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "data-finding", "name": "Data", "description": "Data interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should the scattering data be interpreted?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What assumptions does the model make?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "facilities", "name": "Facilities", "description": "Large instruments.", "rationale": "Some methods need facilities.", "layers": [ { "id": "access", "name": "Access", "description": "Beam time.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-finding", "name": "Access", "description": "Facility access.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which synchrotron or neutron facility offers this method?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How is beam time applied for?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "safety", "name": "Safety", "description": "Radiation.", "findings": [ { "id": "safety-finding", "name": "Safety", "description": "Radiation safety.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which radiation safety rules apply?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is training required?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each scattering type be a separate entry?", "How should techniques be linked?", "How should the everyday sense be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a scattering, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle scattering by kind, physics, measurement techniques and applications.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: dynamic light scattering, Cold Spark machine, light scattering, elastic scattering, coherent scattering, incoherent scattering, multiple scattering, Delbrück scattering, electron scattering, evanescent wave scattering, neutron scattering, Thomson scattering.", "27 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 47 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a scattering, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "dynamic light scattering", "Cold Spark machine", "light scattering", "elastic scattering", "coherent scattering", "incoherent scattering", "multiple scattering", "Delbrück scattering", "electron scattering", "evanescent wave scattering", "neutron scattering", "Thomson scattering" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 47 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 27 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one scattering from another, and a scattering from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a scattering sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a scattering from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a scattering passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a scattering between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a scattering, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a scattering is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a scattering proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a scattering, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a scattering and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a scattering consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a scattering takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What scattering is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of scattering are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is scattering operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of scattering and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of scattering?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as scattering?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a scattering came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a scattering and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a scattering is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a scattering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a scattering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a scattering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }