{ "model": { "rank": 6064, "code": "thing-q219575", "model_id": "vr.tr.united-nations-peacekeeping", "name": "United Nations peacekeeping", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise United Nations peacekeeping, assess whether its missions can fulfil their mandates, and identify actions that require authorised human decisions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.ORG", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q219575/", "tier": 2, "score": 63, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 63, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q219575", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219575", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:18:53Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0066708, "turns": 1, "seconds": 65.8, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 106.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b96-11fd-7b50-bcfa-89225ebd1192\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: United Nations peacekeeping\nRegistry id: vr.tr.united-nations-peacekeeping\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.ORG\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames f" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q219575", "registryId": "vr.tr.united-nations-peacekeeping", "name": "United Nations peacekeeping", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.ORG" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q219575/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.united-nations-peacekeeping", "name": "United Nations peacekeeping", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise United Nations peacekeeping, assess whether its missions can fulfil their mandates, and identify actions that require authorised human decisions.", "definition": "United Nations peacekeeping is a UN-authorized field operation that deploys multinational military, police, and civilian personnel to a host State, with the parties' consent, to help implement a political settlement and protect civilians under a Security Council mandate.", "scope_statement": "This model owns United Nations peacekeeping as an institutional practice and portfolio of missions, recording mission-specific mandates, consent, command arrangements, capabilities, protection responsibilities, accountability and transitions without creating separate registry concepts for individual mission types.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of UN peacekeeping missions and their relationship to the wider peacekeeping system", "Mission mandates, legal authorities, consent conditions and limits on action", "Civilian, military and police components, operational control and national contributions", "Mandate implementation, civilian protection and relationships with conflict parties and affected communities", "Resources, operational constraints, personnel safety and misconduct accountability", "Mandate renewal, reconfiguration, withdrawal and transfer of responsibilities" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The United Nations organisation and its governance beyond their peacekeeping roles", "UN special political missions, mediation and peacebuilding programmes except at their interfaces with peacekeeping", "Regional or coalition operations merely authorised or supported by the UN", "Host-state government, armed groups and national security institutions as independently modelled actors", "Humanitarian assistance delivery and humanitarian organisations' independent mandates", "The underlying armed conflict or peace agreement beyond conditions relevant to a peacekeeping mission" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Verify an official UN peacekeeping designation and the mission's command arrangements; Security Council authorisation alone does not establish that an operation is UN peacekeeping.", "Assess consent of the main parties, impartiality and force limited to self-defence or defence of the mandate; distinguish robust peacekeeping from peace enforcement rather than treating any armed deployment as equivalent. [UN peacekeeping principles](https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/node/132275)", "Identify the actual military, police and civilian composition; neither a multidimensional mandate nor the presence of armed troops should be assumed for every mission. [What is peacekeeping?](https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/what-is-peacekeeping)", "Require mission-specific authority for tasks such as civilian protection, electoral support or disarmament; a general contribution to peace does not establish a peacekeeping mandate. [Mandates and legal basis](https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mandates-and-the-legal-basis-for-peacekeeping)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Mission identity and institutional classification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Official mission name and identifier; confirmed UN peacekeeping, historical exception requiring review, or classification unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents conflating UN peacekeeping with other UN or UN-authorised operations." }, { "name": "Mandate validity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Authorising instrument, effective dates and amendments; active, expired, superseded, terminated or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines which responsibilities and permissions apply at the time being assessed." }, { "name": "Consent and cooperation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "By party, location and date: documented consent, conditional consent, contested consent, withdrawn consent or unknown; practical cooperation recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes formal acceptance from the conditions permitting implementation." }, { "name": "Mission lifecycle", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Planning, deployment, operational, reconfiguration, drawdown, withdrawal, liquidation or closed", "why_it_matters": "Changes the mission's capabilities, obligations and available decisions." }, { "name": "Task and force authority", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Per task: mandated, conditionally authorised, excluded or unresolved; applicable force restrictions and approving authority", "why_it_matters": "Prevents interpreting a mandate as unrestricted permission to act." }, { "name": "Deployable capacity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Authorised, deployed and operationally available personnel by component; available assets by type; observation date", "why_it_matters": "Separates nominal mission size from capacity available to fulfil specific tasks." }, { "name": "Operational access", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "By route or area and date: accessible, restricted, denied, unsafe or unverified", "why_it_matters": "Shows where a mandate can practically be implemented and where visibility is limited." }, { "name": "Civilian protection conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Reported threats, verified incidents and response times by location and period, with source confidence and observation coverage", "why_it_matters": "Supports protection assessment without treating missing reports as evidence of safety." }, { "name": "Resource availability", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Approved budget, available funding and expenditure in stated currency and period; critical supply shortfalls and duration", "why_it_matters": "Reveals whether authorised tasks have usable financial and logistical support." }, { "name": "Accountability case status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Allegation, referral, investigation, finding, disposition and remedy status, each with responsible authority and date", "why_it_matters": "Preserves the distinction between reported misconduct, established findings and completed accountability." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a referenced operation and connect it to the appropriate UN peacekeeping mission and mandate period.", "Compare a proposed activity with mandate provisions, consent conditions and approval requirements, then flag unresolved authority for human review.", "Identify gaps between mandated tasks and available personnel, assets, access or funding.", "Assemble evidence-linked assessments of protection risks and implementation progress while preserving uncertainty and sensitive information.", "Route access restrictions, protection concerns and misconduct allegations to the recorded responsible authorities.", "Compare renewal, reconfiguration and withdrawal options against documented benchmarks and responsibility-transfer arrangements." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "un-dpko-what", "title": "What is peacekeeping", "url": "https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/what-is-peacekeeping", "what_it_supports": "Official UN definition, three principles (consent, impartiality, non-use of force except in self-defence and defence of the mandate), and the mix of military, police, and civilian components.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "capstone", "title": "United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines (Capstone Doctrine)", "url": "https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/capstone_eng_0.pdf", "what_it_supports": "Doctrine distinguishing traditional vs multidimensional operations; principles; use of force; relationship to peacemaking, peace enforcement, and peacebuilding.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "aides-memoire-poc", "title": "The Protection of Civilians in United Nations Peacekeeping Handbook", "url": "https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/protection-of-civilians-mandate", "what_it_supports": "POC as a distinct mandate type and practice; civilian-protection tasks that now dominate many missions.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "mission-identity-and-authority", "name": "Mission identity and authority", "description": "Establishes which operation is being assessed and which mandate applies.", "rationale": "UN involvement alone does not identify a peacekeeping mission or establish its permissions.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutional-classification", "name": "Institutional classification", "description": "Locates the operation within UN peacekeeping and distinguishes neighbouring mission forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognised-peacekeeping-operation", "name": "Recognised peacekeeping operation", "description": "Record official designation, establishment history and institutional relationships, preserving exceptional arrangements.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which official record identifies this operation as UN peacekeeping rather than a political mission or a UN-authorised regional operation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "recognised-peacekeeping-operation-q01" }, { "text": "Does a joint, hybrid or predecessor arrangement change which organisation directs the operation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "recognised-peacekeeping-operation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandate-version-and-permissions", "name": "Mandate version and permissions", "description": "Connects each task and limit to the instrument applicable at the assessment date.", "findings": [ { "id": "operative-mandate", "name": "Operative mandate", "description": "Record mandate provisions, amendments, priorities, territorial coverage and dates without equating political aspirations with operational authority.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which instruments establish, renew, amend or terminate the mandate applicable on the date under review?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "operative-mandate-q01" }, { "text": "Which proposed tasks are authorised, under what conditions, and which require a further decision by a competent authority?", "kind": "action", "id": "operative-mandate-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "consent-and-political-conditions", "name": "Consent and political conditions", "description": "Tracks acceptance of the mission and the political relationships enabling its work.", "rationale": "Formal consent can coexist with obstruction, local hostility or declining commitment to a political process.", "layers": [ { "id": "consent-and-host-arrangements", "name": "Consent and host arrangements", "description": "Separates documented consent and mission agreements from practical cooperation.", "findings": [ { "id": "consent-access-gap", "name": "Consent and access gap", "description": "Record whose consent is relevant, its stated conditions and restrictions affecting movement or presence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which main parties have expressed consent, through what evidence, and have any qualified or withdrawn it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "consent-access-gap-q01" }, { "text": "Where do visa refusals, movement restrictions or other obstructions undermine the mission's agreed operating conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "consent-access-gap-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "political-process-and-impartiality", "name": "Political process and impartiality", "description": "Relates mission conduct to the political process and treatment of conflict parties.", "findings": [ { "id": "political-position-and-local-perceptions", "name": "Political position and local perceptions", "description": "Record the political process supported, engagement with parties and evidence of perceived partiality across affected communities.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which agreement or political process is the mission mandated to support, and which parties currently participate?", "kind": "definition", "id": "political-position-and-local-perceptions-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes impartial mandate implementation from preferential treatment or allegations of partiality?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "political-position-and-local-perceptions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "command-and-operational-capacity", "name": "Command and operational capacity", "description": "Connects mission leadership and contributing states to the personnel and assets available for tasks.", "rationale": "Authorised strength does not establish deployability, operational control or the ability to act in a particular location.", "layers": [ { "id": "direction-and-contributor-responsibilities", "name": "Direction and contributor responsibilities", "description": "Identifies who directs mission components and where contributing-state responsibilities remain.", "findings": [ { "id": "decision-and-control-path", "name": "Decision and control path", "description": "Record leadership, operational control, approval paths and any documented national restrictions affecting assigned units.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who may direct each civilian, police and military component, and which decisions remain with contributing states?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "decision-and-control-path-q01" }, { "text": "Which approvals or documented restrictions affect assigning a unit to a proposed mandate task?", "kind": "action", "id": "decision-and-control-path-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "personnel-assets-and-sustainment", "name": "Personnel, assets and sustainment", "description": "Assesses usable capacity and the resources needed to maintain it.", "findings": [ { "id": "mandate-capability-gap", "name": "Mandate-capability gap", "description": "Compare authorised, deployed and available capacity with task requirements, including mobility, medical support and funding constraints.", "questions": [ { "text": "What personnel and critical assets are authorised, deployed and operationally available by component, location and date?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "mandate-capability-gap-q01" }, { "text": "Which shortages in funding, transport, supplies or medical evacuation constrain specific mandated tasks?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "mandate-capability-gap-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandate-delivery-and-civilian-protection", "name": "Mandate delivery and civilian protection", "description": "Examines what the mission is tasked to achieve and how it addresses threats to civilians.", "rationale": "Peacekeeping mandates vary, and activity counts cannot by themselves establish protection or political progress.", "layers": [ { "id": "task-priorities-and-results", "name": "Task priorities and results", "description": "Connects mission activities to applicable priorities and evidence of results.", "findings": [ { "id": "task-specific-progress", "name": "Task-specific progress", "description": "Record only applicable tasks, such as ceasefire observation, political support or disarmament assistance, with explicit evidence limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which tasks are mandated and prioritised for this period, and what observable results would indicate progress?", "kind": "definition", "id": "task-specific-progress-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence separates completed activities from changes in security or political conditions attributable to the mission?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "task-specific-progress-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-threats-and-response", "name": "Protection threats and response", "description": "Links civilian threats to the mission's protection mandate, capabilities and area of deployment.", "findings": [ { "id": "protection-responsibility-and-response-gap", "name": "Protection responsibility and response gap", "description": "Record the applicable protection responsibility, host-state role, threat information and response limitations. [UN protection mandate](https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/protection-of-civilians-mandate)", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the mission have a civilian protection mandate, and what geographic, capability and authority conditions govern its implementation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "protection-responsibility-and-response-gap-q01" }, { "text": "Which reported threats require assessment or escalation, and what evidence records the response, delay or inability to respond?", "kind": "action", "id": "protection-responsibility-and-response-gap-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "force-conduct-and-accountability", "name": "Force, conduct and accountability", "description": "Records constraints on force, operational harm and mechanisms addressing misconduct.", "rationale": "Mission authority, personnel conduct and accountability involve distinct rules and decision-makers.", "layers": [ { "id": "force-authority-and-harm", "name": "Force authority and harm", "description": "Connects proposed or actual force to applicable instructions and harm assessment.", "findings": [ { "id": "force-decision-constraints", "name": "Force decision constraints", "description": "Record applicable rules of engagement or police force directives, approval requirements and reported consequences; flag inaccessible instructions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which applicable directives and mandate provisions govern the proposed use of force, and what cannot be verified from accessible records?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "force-decision-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "Who must assess and authorise the action, and how are necessity, proportionality and risks to civilians evaluated and documented?", "kind": "action", "id": "force-decision-constraints-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "misconduct-and-remedy", "name": "Misconduct and remedy", "description": "Tracks allegations, institutional responsibilities and assistance without prejudging cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability-and-victim-support-path", "name": "Accountability and victim support path", "description": "Record misconduct referrals, including sexual exploitation and abuse allegations, alongside investigative jurisdiction and confidential support pathways.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority receives, investigates and adjudicates the allegation for the personnel category concerned?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "accountability-and-victim-support-path-q01" }, { "text": "What referral, protection and assistance steps are available, and what access restrictions protect victims, witnesses and due process?", "kind": "action", "id": "accountability-and-victim-support-path-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "review-transition-and-closure", "name": "Review, transition and closure", "description": "Supports decisions about continuation, reconfiguration and the end of mission responsibilities.", "rationale": "Mandate termination, physical withdrawal and successful transfer of responsibilities are different states.", "layers": [ { "id": "mandate-review-and-adaptation", "name": "Mandate review and adaptation", "description": "Connects changing conditions and mission performance to authorised review decisions.", "findings": [ { "id": "review-evidence-and-options", "name": "Review evidence and options", "description": "Record review dates, benchmarks and evidence supporting alternative mission configurations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which benchmarks and reporting obligations inform the next mandate review, and which remain unmet or unverifiable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "review-evidence-and-options-q01" }, { "text": "Which renewal or reconfiguration options address documented gaps, and which body has authority to decide each option?", "kind": "action", "id": "review-evidence-and-options-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "withdrawal-and-responsibility-transfer", "name": "Withdrawal and responsibility transfer", "description": "Tracks departure arrangements and ownership of continuing responsibilities.", "findings": [ { "id": "handover-and-residual-obligations", "name": "Handover and residual obligations", "description": "Distinguish mandate completion or termination from withdrawal, liquidation and unresolved protection or accountability obligations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who accepts each transferred responsibility, and what evidence demonstrates their capacity and agreement to perform it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "handover-and-residual-obligations-q01" }, { "text": "Which protection gaps, assets, records, claims and unresolved cases require arrangements during withdrawal and after closure?", "kind": "action", "id": "handover-and-residual-obligations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "traditional ceasefire-observation missions", "multidimensional peacekeeping operations", "transitional-administration missions", "protection-of-civilians missions", "stabilisation / robust peacekeeping operations", "political-mission successor / special political missions (UNPM, related but distinct)", "hybrid UN-regional operations", "observer / verification missions" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q170769", "note": "item 'United Nations peacekeeping' (verify on Wikidata; Q-id is the conventional item for the activity/institution, not a single mission)." }, { "scheme": "UN mission acronym / DPKO-DPO code", "value_or_pattern": "UN[A-Z]{2,5} (e.g. UNIFIL, MONUSCO, UNMISS, MINUSMA)", "note": "Each operation is named and abbreviated in the establishing Security Council resolution and in DPO/DFS reporting." }, { "scheme": "UN Security Council resolution", "value_or_pattern": "S/RES/[number] ([year])", "note": "Establishing, renewing, and modifying mandates." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "UN Charter (United Nations) - Chapters VI, VII, VIII as mandate bases; peacekeeping is a practice developed by the Security Council and General Assembly, not a Charter term.", "United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines, 2008 Capstone Doctrine (UN DPKO/DFS, now DPO/DOS) - consent of the parties, impartiality, non-use of force except in self-defence and defence of the mandate.", "Security Council resolutions establishing each mission (UN Security Council) - legal mandate, authorised strength, POC, and Chapter VII language where used.", "Status-of-Forces / Status-of-Mission Agreements (host State and UN) - privileges, immunities, jurisdiction over contingent members.", "Memoranda of Understanding with troop- and police-contributing countries (UN and TCCs/PCCs) - contingent-owned equipment, reimbursement, command.", "Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel, 1994, and 2005 Optional Protocol (United Nations) - attacks on peacekeepers.", "Kigali Principles on the Protection of Civilians (endorsing Member States, 2015) - political commitment on POC, not a treaty.", "Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on UN support to non-UN security forces (UN Secretariat, 2011) - conditions on support to host-state forces." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "A Security Council resolution creates or renews a named mission; DPO generates a concept of operations and force requirements; Member States pledge troops, formed police units, and specialists; the mission deploys to a host country under a Force Commander and a civilian Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG).", "Blue helmets and UN police staff checkpoints, patrols, DDR sites, electoral support, and civilian-protection sites (e.g. UNMISS PoC sites in South Sudan); civilians run political, human-rights, civil-affairs, and support components.", "Assessed peacekeeping budget (separate from the UN regular budget) reimburses TCCs for personnel and contingent-owned equipment; current large missions have included MONUSCO (DRC), UNMISS (South Sudan), UNIFIL (Lebanon), MINUSCA (CAR).", "Drawdown and transition: missions close or reconfigure into special political missions or UN country teams when the Council judges the political and security conditions allow it (e.g. MINUSMA withdrawal from Mali, 2023)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Uniformed personnel deployed (military + police)", "typical_range": "about 60,000-90,000 across all missions in the 2010s-2020s; a single large mission often 10,000-20,000", "unit": "persons" }, { "quantity": "Number of active UN peacekeeping operations", "typical_range": "about 10-16 contemporaneous operations in recent years (historically fewer during the Cold War, a peak after 1990)", "unit": "missions" }, { "quantity": "Approved peacekeeping budget (all missions)", "typical_range": "on the order of USD 6-7 billion per year in the early 2020s", "unit": "USD / year" }, { "quantity": "Fatalities (in-service, cumulative since 1948)", "typical_range": "over 4,000 UN peacekeepers killed; annual deaths vary from tens to low hundreds depending on threat environment", "unit": "persons" }, { "quantity": "Mandate duration / renewal cycle", "typical_range": "typically 6 or 12 months per Security Council renewal", "unit": "months" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Mandate-resource mismatch: Council tasks (POC, extension of state authority) without troops, mobility, or intelligence to match, leaving civilians unprotected (Srebrenica 1995, Rwanda 1994 as canonical failures of traditional/constrained missions).", "Loss of consent: host government or a party withdraws consent or obstructs freedom of movement; mission becomes a party to the conflict or is expelled (MINUSMA/Mali).", "Peacekeeper sexual exploitation and abuse, and other misconduct, undermining legitimacy and harming civilians.", "Robust/stabilisation posture that blurs into peace enforcement or counter-insurgency, making the UN a target and compromising impartiality.", "Cholera and other public-health harm from mission sanitation (Haiti 2010) and environmental/logistics footprint.", "Command-and-control friction among TCCs with national caveats; slow crisis response.", "Exit/drawdown that leaves a security vacuum or unfinished political process.", "Attacks on peacekeepers (IED, ambush, targeted killing), especially in asymmetric environments." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Africa hosts most multidimensional and POC-heavy missions (MONUSCO, UNMISS, MINUSCA); mandates often include extension of state authority and support to host forces.", "Middle East missions are often older, more traditional observation/buffer models (UNTSO, UNDOF, UNIFIL) with more limited civilian components.", "Europe: UNFICYP (Cyprus) is a long-running interposition/buffer-zone mission; UNMIK (Kosovo) was a transitional-administration case.", "Americas: historically ONUSAL, MINUSTAH/MINUJUSTH (Haiti); fewer current operations.", "Asia-Pacific: historically UNTAC (Cambodia) as a large transitional-administration mission; UNMOGIP (India-Pakistan) as a small observer mission.", "Naming: 'blue helmets' is informal global usage; French and other UN languages use 'maintien de la paix'; some regional bodies run parallel or hybrid operations (AU, EU, NATO) that are not UN peacekeeping unless authorised and structured as such.", "Legal characterisation: some Member States treat Chapter VII-authorised 'robust' missions as closer to enforcement; others insist all UN peacekeeping remains non-enforcement under the three principles." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "UN special political mission (SPM)", "difference": "An SPM is a civilian-led political, mediation, or regional office under DPO/DPPA without a formed military peacekeeping force under a classic PKO budget and Capstone principles; test: is there a uniformed PKO force under a Security Council peacekeeping mandate and assessed PKO budget?" }, { "name": "Peace enforcement / Chapter VII enforcement action", "difference": "Enforcement does not require the parties' consent and may use force beyond defence of the mandate against a designated aggressor or spoiler as a combatant; UN peacekeeping requires consent, impartiality, and limited force. Test: does the operation retain the three Capstone principles, or is it a war-fighting/coalition campaign?" }, { "name": "Peacebuilding / UN country team development presence", "difference": "Peacebuilding and UNCTs continue after or beside a mission and lack a Security Council military/police mandate; test: is there a current SC-mandated uniformed mission, or only agencies, funds and programmes?" }, { "name": "Regional or coalition operation (AU, EU, NATO, ad hoc coalition)", "difference": "May be UN-authorised (Chapter VIII) but is not UN peacekeeping unless command, financing, and status are UN (or a formal UN hybrid such as UNAMID). Test: who commands, who pays (assessed PKO budget vs. AU/EU/national), and is the head of mission an SRSG of the Secretary-General?" }, { "name": "Peacemaking / mediation", "difference": "Diplomatic process to reach a settlement; peacekeeping implements or supports a settlement already (or provisionally) agreed. Test: is the activity a field force with a military/police component, or a negotiation/good-offices process?" }, { "name": "Humanitarian or disaster-relief military deployment", "difference": "Time-limited assistance without a political settlement mandate or SC peacekeeping status; test: SC PKO mandate and three principles vs. host invitation for disaster response." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of United Nations peacekeeping this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept, requiring this registry entry to link to that publication?", "Which historical or hybrid operations require exceptions to the proposed identification and authority tests?", "How should consent be assessed when host authorities, main conflict parties and local communities express divergent positions?", "Which mission-level force directives, contributor restrictions and readiness records are accessible, and how should unavailable evidence limit an agent's conclusions?", "Which indicators can credibly assess protection outcomes and transition readiness despite underreporting, uneven access and contested attribution?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 13, "findings": 20, "questions": 32 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organisation or institution", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a United Nations peacekeeping, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise United Nations peacekeeping, assess whether its missions can fulfil their mandates, and identify actions that require authorised human decisions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "collective" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a United Nations peacekeeping, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Acts through people, and only through them.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. Recognised by name, register entry and the people acting in its name, and those change while it stays the same body." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one United Nations peacekeeping from another, and a United Nations peacekeeping from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a United Nations peacekeeping sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a United Nations peacekeeping from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a United Nations peacekeeping passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a United Nations peacekeeping between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a United Nations peacekeeping, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a United Nations peacekeeping is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a United Nations peacekeeping.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a United Nations peacekeeping and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a United Nations peacekeeping, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a United Nations peacekeeping and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a United Nations peacekeeping sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "legal-identity", "name": "Legal identity and mandate", "description": "What United Nations peacekeeping is in law and what it exists to do.", "rationale": "Legal identity survives changes of name, address, staff and premises, which is exactly why it must be recorded separately from all of them.", "layers": [ { "id": "registration", "name": "Legal form and registration", "description": "Form, register, identifiers and jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "registration-record", "name": "Registration and identifiers", "description": "What names this body unambiguously in law.", "questions": [ { "id": "registration-record-q01", "text": "What legal form does United Nations peacekeeping take, in which register, under which identifier?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "registration-record-q02", "text": "What survives a rename, a merger or a move of premises, and what does not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandate", "name": "Mandate and governing instrument", "description": "The purpose it is bound to and the document that binds it.", "findings": [ { "id": "mandate-record", "name": "Mandate and its source", "description": "What it may do, and the instrument that says so.", "questions": [ { "id": "mandate-record-q01", "text": "What is the mandate of United Nations peacekeeping, and which founding or governing instrument grants it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "mandate-record-q02", "text": "What lies outside the mandate, and what should an agent do when asked for it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "governance-and-membership", "name": "Governance, membership and decision rights", "description": "Who decides in United Nations peacekeeping and who belongs to it.", "rationale": "Authority inside an organisation is held by roles, not people, and an agent needs to know which role can commit it.", "layers": [ { "id": "decision-rights", "name": "Decision rights", "description": "Bodies, offices and what each may bind.", "findings": [ { "id": "authority-map", "name": "Who may bind the organisation", "description": "The offices that can commit it and their limits.", "questions": [ { "id": "authority-map-q01", "text": "Which bodies or offices of United Nations peacekeeping may take which decisions, and up to what limit?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "authority-map-q02", "text": "What evidence shows that a given person currently holds that office?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership", "name": "Membership and affiliation", "description": "Who counts as part of it and on what terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "membership-rules", "name": "Membership and its evidence", "description": "Classes of member, how membership starts and ends.", "questions": [ { "id": "membership-rules-q01", "text": "What kinds of membership or affiliation does United Nations peacekeeping have, and how does each begin and end?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "membership-rules-q02", "text": "What may a member do in its name, and what may they not?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a United Nations peacekeeping came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a United Nations peacekeeping and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a United Nations peacekeeping is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a United Nations peacekeeping, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a United Nations peacekeeping, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a United Nations peacekeeping is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }