{ "model": { "rank": 5981, "code": "thing-q228537", "model_id": "vr.tr.forearm", "name": "forearm", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a forearm, record its structure and functional state, and determine which observations or actions are appropriate given the evidence and constraints.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q228537/", "tier": 2, "score": 63, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "human forearm", "right forearm", "left forearm" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 63, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q228537", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228537", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T10:30:45Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00890018, "turns": 1, "seconds": 144, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 74.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b66-f57e-7d73-ae7e-79afb50e1322\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: forearm\nRegistry id: vr.tr.forearm\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy m" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q228537", "registryId": "vr.tr.forearm", "name": "forearm", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q228537/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.forearm", "name": "forearm", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a forearm, record its structure and functional state, and determine which observations or actions are appropriate given the evidence and constraints.", "definition": "The forearm (antebrachium) is the tetrapod upper-limb segment between the elbow and the wrist, organised around the paired radius and ulna, the interosseous membrane, and the flexor and extensor compartments that produce pronation, supination, and the distal actions of wrist and hand.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the forearm as a bodily region between the elbow and wrist, including its regional tissues, configuration, movement contribution, condition and handling constraints; species and anatomical boundary conventions must be explicit.", "in_scope": [ "Identification, laterality and attachment to a particular body", "Regional boundaries and the arrangement of bones, muscles, tendons and other tissues", "Forearm rotation and contributions to wrist, finger and load-bearing tasks", "Regional appearance, symptoms, tissue integrity and functional limitations", "Local supports, exposures and constraints on examination, movement or contact" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Whole-person identity, general health and systemic diagnoses", "Upper-arm anatomy and shoulder mechanics", "Complete elbow and wrist joint models beyond their forearm interfaces", "Hand and finger anatomy beyond their functional connections to forearm tissues", "Detailed models of individual bones, nerves, vessels or muscles", "Prosthetic-device engineering and independent treatment protocols" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Locate the region between the elbow and wrist; a region between shoulder and elbow is the upper arm.", "Check whether the referent denotes the complete bodily region rather than only the radius, ulna or an individual muscle.", "Distinguish the forearm from the hand by identifying the wrist boundary under the chosen anatomical convention.", "Resolve whether the referent is living anatomy, a detached specimen, a representation or an artificial replacement before applying biological state characteristics." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Body association and laterality", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Associated body identifier; left, right, indeterminate or not applicable", "why_it_matters": "Prevents observations or actions from being assigned to the wrong limb or individual." }, { "name": "Biological and referent context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Species; living attached anatomy, detached specimen, representation or artificial replacement", "why_it_matters": "Determines which structural expectations and permitted actions apply." }, { "name": "Boundary convention", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Named convention with proximal and distal landmarks and included interface tissues", "why_it_matters": "Makes regional observations and measurements comparable." }, { "name": "Regional dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Length and circumference in mm or cm, with landmarks, posture and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Supports fit assessment and comparison of size or swelling over time." }, { "name": "Structural configuration", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Documented continuity, alignment, tissue differences and surgical alterations; unknown where unassessed", "why_it_matters": "Prevents typical anatomy from being assumed when the actual configuration differs." }, { "name": "Rotational position and movement", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Pronation and supination in degrees relative to a stated reference, with active or passive method", "why_it_matters": "Records forearm orientation and movement limitations without confusing them with shoulder or wrist motion." }, { "name": "Task-specific load tolerance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Force in N or supported mass in kg, duration in s, task, posture and observed response", "why_it_matters": "Connects functional capacity to the conditions under which it was observed." }, { "name": "Regional symptoms and signs", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Located pain, swelling, skin changes, altered sensation or other observations; onset, severity, evidence source and assessment status", "why_it_matters": "Supports change detection while keeping reports and observations distinct from diagnoses." }, { "name": "Supports and access constraints", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked cast, splint, brace, dressing or access device; location, coverage and documented restrictions", "why_it_matters": "Explains limits on inspection, movement, contact and loading." } ], "affordances": [ "Locate, label and compare corresponding forearm regions using explicit landmarks.", "Record dimensions, surface observations and reported symptoms with their methods and times.", "Observe permitted pronation, supination and task performance under documented conditions.", "Assess geometric compatibility with sleeves, braces or equipment without inferring clinical suitability.", "Identify whether contact, movement or loading is supported by documented restrictions and authorisation.", "Route uncertain or concerning observations for qualified assessment without assigning an unsupported diagnosis." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "grays-anatomy", "title": "Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Regional definition of the antebrachium, radius-ulna osteology, compartments, nerves and vessels, and the elbow/wrist boundaries used in the definition, kinds, neighbours and hazards. Publisher: Elsevier (Standring, editor)." }, { "id": "terminologia-anatomica", "title": "Terminologia Anatomica", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Official Latin/English nomenclature antebrachium/forearm and the TA identifier pattern. Publisher: FIPAT, International Federation of Associations of Anatomists." }, { "id": "icd10-s52", "title": "ICD-10, S52 Fracture of forearm", "url": "https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/S52", "what_it_supports": "That the forearm is a coded injury region in international mortality/morbidity statistics, and the clinical grouping of radius and ulna shaft and end injuries. Publisher: World Health Organization.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "ao-ota-2018", "title": "Fracture and Dislocation Classification Compendium - 2018", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "How surgeons actually partition forearm injuries (diaphysis as bone 2; Galeazzi/Monteggia-type patterns under AO/OTA rather than as separate organs). Publisher: Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma / AO Foundation and Orthopaedic Trauma Association." }, { "id": "iso-7250-1", "title": "ISO 7250-1: Basic human body measurements for technological design - Part 1: Body measurement definitions and landmarks", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Anthropometric quantities (forearm length, forearm circumference) and the landmarking used in the measurements field. Publisher: International Organization for Standardization." }, { "id": "fma-rosse-2003", "title": "A reference ontology for biomedical informatics: the Foundational Model of Anatomy", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Canonical anatomy-ontology class for the forearm as a material anatomical entity, supporting the FMA identifier. Publisher: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (University of Washington FMA)." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "forearm-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Forearm identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes which forearm is represented and where its regional ownership begins and ends.", "rationale": "Laterality errors and inconsistent elbow or wrist boundaries can invalidate otherwise accurate records.", "layers": [ { "id": "body-and-side", "name": "Body and side", "description": "Connects the forearm to its biological context and referent.", "findings": [ { "id": "identified-forearm", "name": "Identified forearm", "description": "Records the associated body, side, species and whether the referent is actual anatomy or a substitute.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which body and side does this forearm belong to, and how was that association established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identified-forearm-q01" }, { "text": "Does the referent denote living anatomy, a specimen, a representation or an artificial replacement?", "kind": "definition", "id": "identified-forearm-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regional-limits", "name": "Regional limits", "description": "Defines the elbow and wrist interfaces used by this record.", "findings": [ { "id": "landmark-based-extent", "name": "Landmark-based extent", "description": "Makes proximal, distal and surface boundaries explicit without absorbing neighbouring joint models.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which landmarks delimit this forearm proximally at the elbow and distally at the wrist?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "landmark-based-extent-q01" }, { "text": "Which tissues at those interfaces are owned here, and which are represented through linked elbow, wrist or hand models?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "landmark-based-extent-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "regional-anatomy-and-geometry", "name": "Regional anatomy and geometry", "description": "Records the actual structural configuration and measurable shape of the forearm.", "rationale": "Forearm recognition, equipment fit and interpretation of movement depend on both internal configuration and external geometry.", "layers": [ { "id": "tissue-arrangement", "name": "Tissue arrangement", "description": "Locates regional structures and records known departures from expected anatomy.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-structural-configuration", "name": "Documented structural configuration", "description": "Links evidence about bones and soft tissues while keeping unobserved anatomy explicitly unassessed.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes the presence, continuity and alignment of the radius, ulna and relevant regional soft tissues?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "documented-structural-configuration-q01" }, { "text": "Which anatomical variations, injuries or surgical alterations change the expected arrangement in this forearm?", "kind": "definition", "id": "documented-structural-configuration-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "external-geometry", "name": "External geometry", "description": "Captures dimensions and surface locations in a reproducible frame.", "findings": [ { "id": "reproducible-forearm-measurements", "name": "Reproducible forearm measurements", "description": "Associates length, circumference and local shape with landmarks, orientation and method.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the measured length and circumferences, and at which landmarks and limb posture were they obtained?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproducible-forearm-measurements-q01" }, { "text": "How are local observations positioned along the forearm and on its radial, ulnar, anterior or posterior aspects?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproducible-forearm-measurements-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rotation-and-functional-contribution", "name": "Rotation and functional contribution", "description": "Records forearm rotation and its contribution to tasks involving the wrist, hand and external loads.", "rationale": "Forearm function cannot be judged from appearance or a single strength value, and neighbouring movements can obscure limitations.", "layers": [ { "id": "pronation-and-supination", "name": "Pronation and supination", "description": "Describes rotational position, available movement and conditions of observation.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-rotation", "name": "Observed rotation", "description": "Records rotation with reference position, method and any accompanying symptoms or compensatory movement.", "questions": [ { "text": "What pronation and supination were observed, using which reference position and active or passive method?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-rotation-q01" }, { "text": "What elbow position, shoulder movement, pain or external support affected the observation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-rotation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "task-and-load-response", "name": "Task and load response", "description": "Connects forearm performance to specific hand, wrist and support tasks.", "findings": [ { "id": "contextual-functional-capacity", "name": "Contextual functional capacity", "description": "Records task performance without treating a whole-limb result as an isolated forearm measurement.", "questions": [ { "text": "During which permitted gripping, wrist-motion or support task was performance observed, and with what load, posture and duration?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "contextual-functional-capacity-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence attributes a limitation to the forearm rather than the hand, wrist, elbow, shoulder or overall effort?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contextual-functional-capacity-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "regional-condition-and-change", "name": "Regional condition and change", "description": "Tracks local tissue condition, symptoms and changes that affect interpretation or action.", "rationale": "Similar forearm appearances can have different explanations, so condition records must preserve location, timing and evidence quality.", "layers": [ { "id": "surface-and-symptom-map", "name": "Surface and symptom map", "description": "Locates visible changes and reported experiences within the forearm.", "findings": [ { "id": "located-condition-observations", "name": "Located condition observations", "description": "Separates observed skin or contour changes from reported pain and other symptoms.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are wounds, bruising, swelling, contour changes or reported pain located relative to the forearm landmarks?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "located-condition-observations-q01" }, { "text": "Which details were directly observed, reported by the person or copied from an assessment, and when?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "located-condition-observations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sensory-circulatory-and-temporal-context", "name": "Sensory, circulatory and temporal context", "description": "Links relevant assessments and trends without deriving diagnoses from isolated signs.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessment-and-change-record", "name": "Assessment and change record", "description": "Records available sensation and circulation assessments, including linked distal observations and changes from baseline.", "questions": [ { "text": "What documented assessments address sensation or circulation relevant to this forearm, and which observations belong to the linked hand model?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assessment-and-change-record-q01" }, { "text": "What has changed from a dated baseline, and were the comparison methods and conditions equivalent?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "assessment-and-change-record-q02" }, { "text": "Does a documented care plan or applicable assessment protocol require these changes to be escalated?", "kind": "action", "id": "assessment-and-change-record-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "forearm-contact-support-and-restrictions", "name": "Forearm contact, support and restrictions", "description": "Records how coverings, devices and explicit restrictions govern interaction with the forearm.", "rationale": "A cast, dressing, access site or movement restriction can change which forearm observations and actions are appropriate.", "layers": [ { "id": "attached-and-covering-items", "name": "Attached and covering items", "description": "Maps supports and devices to the forearm regions they cover or affect.", "findings": [ { "id": "support-and-access-map", "name": "Support and access map", "description": "Identifies casts, splints, braces, dressings and access devices together with their effects on visibility and movement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which items cover, contact or enter the forearm, and where are their boundaries relative to the elbow and wrist?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "support-and-access-map-q01" }, { "text": "What documented purpose and instructions accompany each item, and who supplied them?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "support-and-access-map-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "permitted-regional-actions", "name": "Permitted regional actions", "description": "Connects proposed examination, contact, rotation and loading to current permissions and restrictions.", "findings": [ { "id": "action-specific-constraints", "name": "Action-specific constraints", "description": "Records the basis for proceeding, modifying or deferring a particular interaction with the forearm.", "questions": [ { "text": "What current instructions and consent govern touching, measuring, rotating, loading or uncovering this forearm?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "Which missing assessment, device instruction or restriction must be resolved before the proposed action can proceed?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-constraints-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Human antebrachium as a regional anatomical unit", "Anterior (flexor-pronator) compartment", "Posterior (extensor-supinator) compartment", "Mobile wad of Henry (brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis)", "Proximal forearm (around the proximal radioulnar joint and radial neck)", "Distal forearm (around the distal radioulnar joint and metaphyses)", "Osteological forearm (radius and ulna treated as one mechanical pair)", "Comparative forelimb zeugopodium in non-human tetrapods" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Terminologia Anatomica 1998", "value_or_pattern": "A01.1.00.024", "note": "Antebrachium / forearm as a part of the human body." }, { "scheme": "Foundational Model of Anatomy", "value_or_pattern": "FMA:9663", "note": "Class Forearm." }, { "scheme": "UBERON", "value_or_pattern": "UBERON:0002386", "note": "Forelimb zeugopod / forearm, the multi-species anatomical class." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D005542", "note": "Descriptor Forearm." }, { "scheme": "SNOMED CT", "value_or_pattern": "14975008", "note": "Forearm structure (body structure)." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Terminologia Anatomica (TA2), term antebrachium - issued by FIPAT of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists", "ICD-10 (and ICD-10-CM) category S52 Fracture of forearm - issued by the World Health Organization (national clinical modifications by CDC/NCHS and others)", "AO/OTA Fracture and Dislocation Classification, forearm diaphysis as bone 2 - issued by the AO Foundation and the Orthopaedic Trauma Association", "ISO 7250-1 Basic human body measurements for technological design - issued by the International Organization for Standardization", "ISO 22523 External limb prostheses and external orthoses - requirements and test methods - issued by the International Organization for Standardization" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Clinical examination and imaging of the radius, ulna, interosseous membrane, and distal radioulnar joint after trauma", "Radial-artery puncture for arterial-blood gas sampling and arterial-line placement; forearm veins used for cannulation when the cubital fossa is unavailable", "Harvest of the radial forearm free flap in reconstructive surgery", "Anthropometry for clothing, workstation reach, tool handles, exoskeletons and upper-limb prostheses", "Wearing surface for watches, fitness bands and some splints or orthoses", "Site of intramuscular or subcutaneous injection only in specific protocols; more often a landmark for compartment-pressure measurement" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Forearm length (radiale to stylion, adult humans)", "typical_range": "220-290", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Maximum forearm circumference (adult humans)", "typical_range": "230-340", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Active pronation from mid-position", "typical_range": "0-80", "unit": "degree" }, { "quantity": "Active supination from mid-position", "typical_range": "0-90", "unit": "degree" }, { "quantity": "Long bones in the segment", "typical_range": "2 (radius and ulna)", "unit": "count" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Diaphyseal fractures of radius, ulna, or both, with malrotation, shortening, or radioulnar synostosis", "Galeazzi, Monteggia and Essex-Lopresti fracture-dislocations that couple a forearm bone injury to a joint disruption", "Acute compartment syndrome, which can progress to Volkmann ischaemic contracture", "Injury or thrombosis of the radial or ulnar artery; injury of median, ulnar, radial or posterior interosseous nerves", "Chronic exertional compartment syndrome in athletes", "Cross-union or loss of pronation-supination after fixation or crush" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Lay English often uses \"arm\" for the whole upper limb; specialist English reserves \"forearm\" for the antebrachium and \"arm\"/\"upper arm\" for the brachium. Parallel everyday terms include German Unterarm, French avant-bras, Spanish antebrazo.", "Fracture talk still uses eponyms (Galeazzi, Monteggia, nightstick) in some centres and AO/OTA numeric codes in others; the same injury is therefore named differently in notes and registries.", "East Asian traditional-medicine practice maps forearm cun positions and meridians that do not coincide with the flexor/extensor compartment scheme." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Arm (brachium)", "difference": "The brachium is the segment that contains the humerus; it ends at the elbow joint, whereas the forearm begins distal to that joint and contains radius and ulna." }, { "name": "Elbow (cubitus)", "difference": "The elbow is a joint complex (humeroulnar, humeroradial, proximal radioulnar), not a limb segment; the forearm is the segment distal to it." }, { "name": "Cubital fossa", "difference": "The cubital fossa is the triangular anterior region of the elbow; it is a surface/landmark region at the boundary, not the forearm shaft." }, { "name": "Wrist (carpus)", "difference": "The wrist is the carpal complex distal to the radiocarpal joint; the forearm ends at that joint and does not include the carpal bones." }, { "name": "Hand", "difference": "The hand is distal to the carpus and contains metacarpals and phalanges; tendons that originate in the forearm insert there, but the hand is a separate segment." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of forearm this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend forearm to cover human anatomy only, or also homologous regions in other species?", "Which anatomical boundary convention should govern ownership of tissues at the elbow and wrist interfaces?", "Should detached forearms and residual forearms remain instances of this model, and how should artificial replacements be linked to it?", "Which validated measurement methods and reference populations should support interpretation of dimensions, rotation and functional performance?", "Which authoritative assessment and device protocols should supply action restrictions and escalation criteria for each intended use context?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a forearm, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a forearm, record its structure and functional state, and determine which observations or actions are appropriate given the evidence and constraints.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: human forearm, right forearm, left forearm.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a forearm, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "human forearm", "right forearm", "left forearm" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one forearm from another, and a forearm from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a forearm sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a forearm from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a forearm is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a forearm is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a forearm is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a forearm is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a forearm is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a forearm is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a forearm passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a forearm between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a forearm, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a forearm is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What forearm is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does forearm perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise forearm, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How forearm is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does forearm have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does forearm need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about forearm is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about forearm hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern forearm, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a forearm came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a forearm and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a forearm is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a forearm, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a forearm, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a forearm is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }