{ "model": { "rank": 3262, "code": "thing-q2397485", "model_id": "vr.tr.chain", "name": "chain", "purpose": "Let an agent explain physical chains by type and use, support selection, safety and maintenance, describe ceremonial and decorative chains, and separate abstract senses of chain.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q2397485/", "tier": 2, "score": 88, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "trammel hook", "Barettlikette", "fob chain", "Snørelenke", "watch chain", "guild chain", "retention chain", "slave chains", "chainring", "golilha", "broken chain", "gang chain", "wallet chain", "jack chain", "ball chain", "anchor chain", "door chain", "jewellery chain", "Byzantine chain", "rope chain", "Figaro chain" ], "aliasCount": 21, "merged": 21, "knownIn": 88, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.chain-3", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q2397485", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2397485", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T20:58:16Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q2397485", "registryId": "vr.tr.chain", "name": "chain", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2397485/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.chain", "name": "chain", "purpose": "Let an agent explain physical chains by type and use, support selection, safety and maintenance, describe ceremonial and decorative chains, and separate abstract senses of chain.", "definition": "A series of connected links or rings, usually of metal, used to lift, pull, secure, transmit power or adorn, from anchor and lifting chains and bicycle drive chains to watch chains, guild chains of office and jewellery chains; the word also denotes sequences and networks such as supply chains and chain stores, which are separate senses.", "what_it_is_for": "Lifting, securing, transmitting power and adornment.", "affordances": [ "identify chain types and grades", "support safe selection and use", "explain maintenance and inspection", "separate abstract senses" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Linked structure", "Flexible in one direction", "Load-rated when for lifting", "Functional or decorative" ], "appearance": "Linked rings or links of metal or other material.", "visual_identification": [ "Connected links", "Grade and size markings on lifting chains", "A cable is a continuous conductor or rope" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "lifting and anchor chains", "drive and roller chains", "security chains", "jewellery and watch chains", "ceremonial chains of office" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "assembly", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "set of physical objects", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "cable-artifact", "why": "related component" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "gold", "why": "precious metal chains" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Lifting chain standards such as EN 818", "Lifting equipment inspection regulations", "Hallmarking for precious metal chains" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Chain failure under load", "Wear and corrosion", "Confusing senses" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "Which chain.", "rationale": "Type and grade.", "layers": [ { "id": "type", "name": "Type", "description": "Chain type.", "findings": [ { "id": "type-finding", "name": "Type", "description": "Type.", "questions": [ { "text": "What type of chain is this, and what is it designed for?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What do its grade and size markings mean?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "ceremonial", "name": "Ceremonial", "description": "Chains of office and jewellery.", "findings": [ { "id": "ceremonial-finding", "name": "Ceremonial", "description": "Ceremonial chains.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is this chain of office or decorative chain, and what is its history?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How is a jewellery chain valued?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Safe use.", "rationale": "Load and care.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifting", "name": "Lifting", "description": "Lifting and securing.", "findings": [ { "id": "lifting-finding", "name": "Lifting", "description": "Lifting.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the working load limit of this chain, and how should it be used for lifting or securing under the regulations?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the chain damaged or unsafe now?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "drive", "name": "Drive", "description": "Drive chains.", "findings": [ { "id": "drive-finding", "name": "Drive", "description": "Drive chains.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should a bicycle or machine drive chain be sized, tensioned and lubricated?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "When should it be replaced?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "maintain", "name": "Maintain", "description": "Inspection.", "rationale": "Wear and corrosion.", "layers": [ { "id": "inspect", "name": "Inspect", "description": "Inspecting chains.", "findings": [ { "id": "inspect-finding", "name": "Inspect", "description": "Inspection.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should this chain be inspected for wear, stretch and cracks, and how often?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which records are required for lifting chains?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "materials", "name": "Materials", "description": "Materials and corrosion.", "findings": [ { "id": "materials-finding", "name": "Materials", "description": "Materials.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which materials and coatings suit this environment?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "How is corrosion prevented?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "senses", "name": "Senses", "description": "Disambiguation.", "rationale": "Chain has many senses.", "layers": [ { "id": "abstract", "name": "Abstract", "description": "Chains as sequences.", "findings": [ { "id": "abstract-finding", "name": "Abstract", "description": "Abstract senses.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is a supply chain, a chain store, a chain reaction or a mathematical chain meant?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which entry fits?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History of chains.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did chain making develop, according to historians of technology?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which heritage sites relate to it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should lifting chains be a separate entry?", "How should standards be linked?", "How should abstract senses be split?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a chain, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain physical chains by type and use, support selection, safety and maintenance, describe ceremonial and decorative chains, and separate abstract senses of chain.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: trammel hook, Barettlikette, fob chain, Snørelenke, watch chain, guild chain, retention chain, slave chains, chainring, golilha, broken chain, gang chain.", "21 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 88 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a chain, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "trammel hook", "Barettlikette", "fob chain", "Snørelenke", "watch chain", "guild chain", "retention chain", "slave chains", "chainring", "golilha", "broken chain", "gang chain" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 88 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 21 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one chain from another, and a chain from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a chain sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a chain from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a chain passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a chain between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a chain, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a chain is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What chain is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of chain are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is chain operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of chain and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of chain?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as chain?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a chain came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a chain and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a chain is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a chain, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a chain, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a chain is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }