← Back to catalogue
Research draft

social security

vr.tr.social-security · ACT.ACT

Let an agent explain social security and its main forms, relay principles, financing and international standards from ILO, ISSA and academic sources with attribution, describe the national programmes the registry aliases name, and distinguish social security from private insurance, charity and welfare in the pejorative sense, without giving personal benefits advice.

Thing Registry Activities and processes

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain social security and its main forms, relay principles, financing and international standards from ILO, ISSA and academic sources with attribution, describe the national programmes the registry aliases name, and distinguish social security from private insurance, charity and welfare in the pejorative sense, without giving personal benefits advice.

Government programmes that protect people against loss of income from old age, disability, death of a breadwinner, unemployment, sickness and family needs, through social insurance such as the US Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance and the Canada Pension Plan, social assistance for those in need, funds such as Belarus s Social Protection Fund and Uruguay s pension fund administrators, and state-facilitated savings such as OregonSaves; social security is a human right under international instruments and varies widely by country.

What it is for: Protecting income against life risks.

It can be explain forms and principles; relay financing and standards; describe national programmes; distinguish related concepts.

Distinguishing features

Public programme

Insurance and assistance

Life risk coverage

Human right

What it looks like

Not a visible object; government programmes.

Physical character

ILO Convention 102: 1952 year - minimum standards

US Social Security Act: 1935 year

world population with some coverage: about 53 percent - ILO 2024

How it is recognised

Public income protection programmes

OASDI, Canada Pension Plan, Social Protection Fund, AFAP, OregonSaves, social assistance

Private insurance is commercial; charity is voluntary; welfare as a slur is pejorative

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

government program

is set as a minimum by -

ILO Convention 102

is contrasted with - which is commercial

private insurance

is exemplified by -

Social Security (United States)

In practice

Families and kinds

social insurance such as OASDI and the Canada Pension Plan

social assistance and minimum income

social protection funds

mandatory individual accounts such as Uruguay s AFAP

state-facilitated retirement savings such as OregonSaves

universal benefits such as child allowances

Standards and regulation

ILO conventions and recommendations on social security

Universal Declaration of Human Rights articles 22 and 25

National social security laws

Failure modes and hazards

Agents giving personal benefits advice

Partisan framing of reform debates

Registry aliases naming specific national programmes

Also called

Social Protection FundAdministradora de fondos de ahorro previsionalOld-Age, Survivors, and Disability InsuranceOregonSavessocial assistanceCanada Pension Planaccess to superannuationday activityABSTUDYDisability benefitHealthy Startsocial security in SwitzerlandSocial security (Belgium)Banco de Previsión Socialwelfare in the Czech RepublicBudgeting loansocial insurance in AustriaSocial Security in FranceAustudy PaymentCura annonaeIncome SupportSocial protection in CanadaSocial security in Australia

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What social security is.

Regulation.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is social security, and how does it differ from private insurance, charity and pejorative senses of welfare? definition
  2. Is the question about the concept, a country, a programme or a personal claim needing an adviser? boundary

Forms

Forms.

Forms

Forms.

  1. What are social insurance, social assistance, protection funds, individual accounts and facilitated savings such as OregonSaves? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific form? action
Systems Systems.

Attribution.

Financing

Financing.

Financing

Financing.

  1. How are systems financed by contributions, taxes and funds, and what are pay-as-you-go and funded models? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Programmes

National programmes.

Programmes

Programmes.

  1. How do OASDI, the Canada Pension Plan, Belarus s fund and Uruguay s AFAP work, in general terms? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Standards International standards.

Regulation.

ILO

ILO standards.

ILO

ILO.

  1. What do ILO Convention 102 and the social protection floor recommendation require? provenance
  2. Which entry fits social protection floor? action

Coverage

Global coverage.

Coverage

Coverage.

  1. How much of the world s population is covered, and where are the gaps, as the ILO reports? provenance
  2. Which entry fits social protection? action
Context History and debate.

Context.

History

History.

History

History.

  1. How did social security develop from Bismarck s insurance to modern systems? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the history of the welfare state? action

Debates

Reform debates.

Debates

Debates.

  1. What debates exist about ageing, sustainability and privatisation, with positions attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral? boundary

What the second pass must settle

  • Should the national programmes be separate primary entries?
  • How should ILO and academic sources be linked?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific programmes; should they be split off?