{ "model": { "rank": 2333, "code": "thing-q25107", "model_id": "vr.tr.power-q25107", "name": "power", "purpose": "Let an agent handle social and political power by form, source, theory and accountability, presenting theories neutrally.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q25107/", "tier": 2, "score": 109, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "disciplinary institution", "budget management department", "Hungarian authorizing body", "post-panoptikum", "territorial control aka GregStevenAdams", "information handling", "Thomasites", "electromagnetism manipulation", "power of decision", "manipulation", "power of creation", "legal authority", "soft power", "social power", "legal power", "market power", "agentic state", "pastoral power", "executive branch of government of Ukraine", "veto power", "Police power", "manus", "political power", "bargaining power", "national power", "airpower", "sharp power", "prison–industrial complex", "biopower", "search manipulation", "behavior manipulation", "Falin-Kvitsinsky Doctrine", "Cool Japan", "language power", "Soft power of the People's Republic of China", "Veto power in the European Council", "jus exclusivae", "legislative veto", "United Nations Security Council veto power", "Frankenstein veto" ], "aliasCount": 52, "merged": 52, "knownIn": 109, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.power-person", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q25107", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25107", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T09:36:59Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q25107", "registryId": "vr.tr.power-q25107", "name": "power", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25107/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.power-q25107", "name": "power", "purpose": "Let an agent handle social and political power by form, source, theory and accountability, presenting theories neutrally.", "definition": "In the social sciences, the capacity of individuals or groups to influence the actions, beliefs or conduct of others, exercised through authority, coercion, persuasion, resources or institutions.", "what_it_is_for": "Analysing politics, organisations and relationships.", "affordances": [ "distinguish forms of power", "compare major theories of power", "analyse accountability and checks", "separate physical power senses" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Capacity to influence others", "Many sources and forms", "Contested theories", "Checked by institutions" ], "appearance": "Not physical; seen in institutions, decisions and relationships.", "visual_identification": [ "Authority, influence, coercion", "Separation of powers in constitutions", "Physical power (watts) is a different sense" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "political power", "economic power", "soft power", "authority", "coercive power" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "social relation", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "authority and legitimacy", "why": "concepts" }, { "relation": "is limited by", "target": "separation of powers", "why": "institution" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "power (physics)", "why": "another sense" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Constitutional law", "Anti-corruption and transparency law" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Presenting one theory as fact", "Partisan framing" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "form", "name": "Form", "description": "Which power.", "rationale": "Forms differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "kind", "name": "Kind", "description": "Political, economic.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-finding", "name": "Kind", "description": "Form of power.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which form of power is being discussed?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What is its source?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "legitimacy", "name": "Legitimacy", "description": "Authority.", "findings": [ { "id": "legitimacy-finding", "name": "Legitimacy", "description": "Legitimacy.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the power exercised as legitimate authority?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "According to which criteria?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "theory", "name": "Theory", "description": "Frameworks.", "rationale": "Theories compete.", "layers": [ { "id": "theorists", "name": "Theorists", "description": "Views.", "findings": [ { "id": "theorists-finding", "name": "Theorists", "description": "Theories.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which theories of power are relevant here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How do they differ?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement", "name": "Measurement", "description": "Indicators.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurement-finding", "name": "Measurement", "description": "Measuring power.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can power be measured or compared?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What are the limits of such indices?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability", "description": "Checks.", "rationale": "Institutions check power.", "layers": [ { "id": "checks", "name": "Checks", "description": "Institutions.", "findings": [ { "id": "checks-finding", "name": "Checks", "description": "Checks and balances.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which institutions check this power?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How effective are they, according to sources?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "abuse", "name": "Abuse", "description": "Reporting.", "findings": [ { "id": "abuse-finding", "name": "Abuse", "description": "Abuse of power.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can abuse of power be reported?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which body investigates?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "senses", "name": "Senses", "description": "Disambiguation.", "rationale": "Power has many senses.", "layers": [ { "id": "physics", "name": "Physics", "description": "Watts.", "findings": [ { "id": "physics-finding", "name": "Physics", "description": "Physical sense.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is power as energy per time meant?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which entry fits?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "maths", "name": "Mathematics", "description": "Exponent.", "findings": [ { "id": "maths-finding", "name": "Maths", "description": "Mathematical sense.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is a mathematical power meant?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which entry fits?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should forms of power be separate entries?", "How should theorists be linked?", "How should physical senses be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a power, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle social and political power by form, source, theory and accountability, presenting theories neutrally.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: disciplinary institution, budget management department, Hungarian authorizing body, post-panoptikum, territorial control aka GregStevenAdams, information handling, Thomasites, electromagnetism manipulation, power of decision, manipulation, power of creation, legal authority.", "52 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 109 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a power, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "disciplinary institution", "budget management department", "Hungarian authorizing body", "post-panoptikum", "territorial control aka GregStevenAdams", "information handling", "Thomasites", "electromagnetism manipulation", "power of decision", "manipulation", "power of creation", "legal authority" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 109 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 52 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one power from another, and a power from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a power sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a power from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a power passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a power between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a power, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a power is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What power is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of power are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is power operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of power and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of power?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as power?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a power came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a power and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a power is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a power, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a power, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a power is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }