{ "model": { "rank": 1324, "code": "thing-q25261", "model_id": "vr.tr.meteorology", "name": "meteorology", "purpose": "Let an agent handle meteorology by field, observations, forecasts, warnings and careers, routing severe weather to official warnings.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q25261/", "tier": 2, "score": 156, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "snow science", "branch of meteorology", "applied meteorology", "applied climatology", "aeronautical climatology", "hydroclimatology", "forensic meteorology", "climatology", "agrometeorology", "extreme event attribution", "Climate change science", "tropical climatology", "microclimatology", "ecological climatology", "mesoclimatology", "ethnoclimatology", "soil climatology", "synoptic climatology", "historical climatology", "paleoclimatology", "dendroclimatology", "Sahara pump theory", "Antarctic oscillation", "aeroclimatology", "paleotempestology", "frost-free period", "dynamic meteorology", "1884 in meteorology", "Energy meteorology", "marine meteorology", "satellite meteorology", "anemology", "adverse weather events", "monsoon meteorology", "synoptic scale meteorology", "ombrology", "synoptic meteorology", "experimental meteorology", "correlative meteorology", "descriptive meteorology" ], "aliasCount": 58, "merged": 60, "knownIn": 156, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.meteorology", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q25261", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T10:13:09Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q25261", "registryId": "vr.tr.meteorology", "name": "meteorology", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25261/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.meteorology", "name": "meteorology", "purpose": "Let an agent handle meteorology by field, observations, forecasts, warnings and careers, routing severe weather to official warnings.", "definition": "The branch of atmospheric science that studies weather processes and forecasting, including observation, numerical weather prediction and applied fields such as aviation meteorology and hydrometeorology.", "what_it_is_for": "Forecasting weather and protecting life and property.", "affordances": [ "find official forecasts and warnings", "explain forecasting methods", "read weather charts and observations", "find meteorology education and careers" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Studies the atmosphere and weather", "Uses observations and models", "Issues forecasts and warnings", "Coordinated internationally by WMO" ], "appearance": "Weather stations, radars, satellites, balloons and forecast maps.", "visual_identification": [ "Synoptic charts and radar images", "National meteorological services", "Climatology studies long-term patterns" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "synoptic meteorology", "dynamic meteorology", "aviation meteorology", "hydrometeorology", "snow science" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "atmospheric science and Earth science", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "produces", "target": "weather forecast", "why": "output" }, { "relation": "is coordinated by", "target": "World Meteorological Organization", "why": "body" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "climatology", "why": "field" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "WMO technical regulations", "ICAO Annex 3 for aviation meteorology" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Relying on unofficial forecasts in severe weather", "Misreading probability forecasts" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "forecasts", "name": "Forecasts", "description": "Official information.", "rationale": "Official sources come first.", "layers": [ { "id": "warnings", "name": "Warnings", "description": "Severe weather.", "findings": [ { "id": "warnings-finding", "name": "Warnings", "description": "Weather warnings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which official weather warnings are in force here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What actions do they advise?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "forecast", "name": "Forecast", "description": "Outlook.", "findings": [ { "id": "forecast-finding", "name": "Forecast", "description": "Forecast.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does the national meteorological service forecast?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How should the probability be read?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "science", "name": "Science", "description": "Methods.", "rationale": "Methods explain forecasts.", "layers": [ { "id": "observation", "name": "Observation", "description": "Data.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-finding", "name": "Observation", "description": "Observations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations feed the forecast?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How reliable are they?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "models", "name": "Models", "description": "Numerical prediction.", "findings": [ { "id": "models-finding", "name": "Models", "description": "Numerical models.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do numerical weather prediction models work, in general terms?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Why do models disagree?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "applied", "name": "Applied", "description": "Sectors.", "rationale": "Sectors need tailored forecasts.", "layers": [ { "id": "aviation", "name": "Aviation", "description": "METAR and TAF.", "findings": [ { "id": "aviation-finding", "name": "Aviation", "description": "Aviation weather.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are METAR and TAF reports read?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which official source provides them?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "hydrology", "name": "Hydrology", "description": "Floods.", "findings": [ { "id": "hydrology-finding", "name": "Hydrology", "description": "Hydrometeorology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do rainfall forecasts feed flood warnings?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which agency issues them?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "careers", "name": "Careers", "description": "Education.", "rationale": "People train as meteorologists.", "layers": [ { "id": "training", "name": "Training", "description": "Qualifications.", "findings": [ { "id": "training-finding", "name": "Training", "description": "Training.", "questions": [ { "text": "What qualifications does a meteorologist need?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which WMO requirements apply?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "citizen", "name": "Citizen science", "description": "Observations.", "findings": [ { "id": "citizen-finding", "name": "Citizen science", "description": "Citizen observations.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can the public contribute weather observations?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which networks accept them?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should branches be separate entries?", "How should warning services be linked?", "How should forecast uncertainty be explained?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a meteorology, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle meteorology by field, observations, forecasts, warnings and careers, routing severe weather to official warnings.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: snow science, branch of meteorology, applied meteorology, applied climatology, aeronautical climatology, hydroclimatology, forensic meteorology, climatology, agrometeorology, extreme event attribution, Climate change science, tropical climatology.", "60 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 156 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a meteorology, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "snow science", "branch of meteorology", "applied meteorology", "applied climatology", "aeronautical climatology", "hydroclimatology", "forensic meteorology", "climatology", "agrometeorology", "extreme event attribution", "Climate change science", "tropical climatology" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 156 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 60 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one meteorology from another, and a meteorology from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a meteorology sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a meteorology from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a meteorology passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a meteorology between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a meteorology, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a meteorology is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a meteorology says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a meteorology contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a meteorology and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What meteorology studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does meteorology take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does meteorology establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where meteorology is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark meteorology as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place meteorology, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a meteorology came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a meteorology and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a meteorology is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a meteorology, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a meteorology, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a meteorology is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }