Gruidae

Supported crane assignment

Record the observed trait combination and competing identifications without treating one suggestive trait as decisive.

1. Which observed flight posture, plumage, head features or calls support Gruidae? definition
2. Which heron, stork or other local lookalike remains plausible, and what observation would distinguish it? boundary

Traceable identification

Tie species and individual assignments to dated evidence, accounting for immature plumage and uncertain flock membership.

1. Which taxonomic reference and diagnostic evidence support the species assignment? provenance
2. Does this record concern a recognisable individual, a mixed-species flock or a defined population, and how is that established? boundary

Functional condition

Distinguish observed difficulty from an activity that was simply not seen.

1. Can the crane stand, walk, use both wings and obtain food, and which functions were actually observed? measurement
2. Could age, resting behaviour or a documented moult state explain apparent flightlessness? boundary

Condition change and care context

Keep wild, managed and captive contexts explicit when interpreting body condition or abnormal behaviour.

1. What repeat observations or legitimate measurements show improvement, deterioration or stable condition? measurement
2. Is the crane free-living, provisioned, captive or recently released, and which records establish that context? provenance

Pair and family evidence

Treat pairing, parentage and juvenile dependency as evidence-based assignments.

1. What repeated association, coordinated calling or care behaviour supports a pair or family relationship? provenance
2. Could the apparent pair or family instead be birds temporarily sharing a feeding or roosting site? boundary

Breeding stage and outcome

Separate observed eggs, hatchlings, surviving young and fledged young, retaining unknown outcomes.

1. Which observations establish the current breeding stage and numbers of eggs or young? measurement
2. How can the next stage or outcome be checked without approaching the nest or separating the family? action

Site function and suitability

Evaluate wetland, grassland, agricultural and tree-roosting use where appropriate to the identified cranes.

1. Is this site used for nesting, feeding, roosting or several functions, and in which season? definition
2. Which measured water conditions, food resources, vegetation or roost structures support the observed use? measurement

Seasonal dependence and counts

Interpret crane arrivals, departures and counts in relation to survey coverage and links between sites.

1. What repeated sightings, marked-bird records or tracking evidence connect this site to other seasonal locations? provenance
2. Could a count change reflect redistribution, migration timing, double counting or survey effort rather than population change? boundary

Crane-specific risk evidence

Connect threats to observed flight routes, feeding areas, roosts, nests or affected birds.

1. Which hazard overlaps documented crane activity, and what evidence shows exposure or harm? provenance
2. What changes in feeding, vigilance, displacement, injury or breeding outcome can be measured without assuming causation? measurement

Permitted and evaluable action

Compare observation, disturbance reduction, habitat measures and specialist intervention against the crane's condition and dependencies.

1. Which action is justified, and what species identification, local authority, permissions and specialist competence must be established before it proceeds? action
2. What outcome and stopping criteria will show whether the action helps without separating dependent young or displacing cranes from essential sites? action

Kinds and varieties

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Identifiers and schemes

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Standards and regulation

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Real-world use

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Typical measurements

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Failure modes and hazards

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Regional variation

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Gruidae this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance