{ "model": { "rank": 4466, "code": "thing-q26700", "model_id": "vr.tr.otariidae", "name": "Otariidae", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Otariidae, distinguish family membership from species and individual identity, and assess observations, ecological condition and appropriate responses using evidence at the correct biological scale.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q26700/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "smiling sea lion", "sea lion" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q26700", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26700", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:17:23Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 18, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d0-5a44-73b0-b691-340c2c1418a0\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Otariidae\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 70.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d0-5a47-7832-8c5b-1d60f45ca7c0\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Otariidae\nRegistry id: vr.tr.otariidae\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q26700", "registryId": "vr.tr.otariidae", "name": "Otariidae", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q26700/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.otariidae", "name": "Otariidae", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Otariidae, distinguish family membership from species and individual identity, and assess observations, ecological condition and appropriate responses using evidence at the correct biological scale.", "definition": "Otariidae is the family of pinniped mammals comprising sea lions and fur seals, distinguished from other living pinnipeds by external ear flaps and hind flippers that can rotate forward to support movement on land.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the family-level biological identity of Otariidae, the eared seals comprising sea lions and fur seals, and the characteristics needed to interpret its member organisms in PHY / PHY.MAT; species, populations and individuals remain separately identified subjects linked to vr.tr.otariidae.", "in_scope": [ "Family boundaries, accepted member taxa and evidence supporting identification", "Diagnostic external anatomy and aquatic versus terrestrial locomotion", "Marine foraging, terrestrial haul-out use and connections between these habitats", "Breeding, maternal care, development and seasonal aggregation", "Individual condition, population observations and evidence needed to select an appropriate response" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Phocidae, the true seals, and Odobenidae, the walrus family, except for diagnostic comparisons", "Complete species-specific models or individual animal identity records", "Standalone models of rookeries, marine habitats and food webs", "Veterinary diagnosis, treatment protocols and rehabilitation facility operations", "Fishing equipment, vessel operations and the full legal instruments governing human interaction" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Visible external ear flaps support identification as an otariid rather than a true seal; record whether the ears were actually visible. [NOAA Fisheries](https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/seals-sea-lions)", "Hind flippers that rotate beneath the body for terrestrial walking distinguish otariids from true seals; use observed movement rather than posture alone. [NOAA Fisheries](https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/it-seal-or-sea-lion)", "Elongated foreflippers provide a supporting anatomical distinction from the smaller foreflippers of true seals; require corroborating features for incomplete images. [NOAA Ocean Service](https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/seal-sealion.html)", "Otariidae includes both sea lions and fur seals: a fur-seal common name must not cause classification under Phocidae, and a sea-lion-only record does not describe the whole family. [Society for Marine Mammalogy](https://marinemammalscience.org/science-and-publications/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies/)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Taxonomic assignment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Family Otariidae; linked genus, species or unresolved member; authority and version", "why_it_matters": "Separates secure family identification from an unsupported species assignment." }, { "name": "Observation subject scale", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Individual, aggregation, breeding colony, population, species or family", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an animal's condition or a colony count from being attributed to the family as a whole." }, { "name": "Diagnostic feature visibility", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "External ear flaps, foreflipper form and hind-flipper rotation: observed, obscured, absent or uncertain", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes missing evidence from evidence against identification." }, { "name": "Body size", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass in kg and standard body length in cm; method, date, species, sex and age class", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparisons without treating species, sex or developmental differences as abnormal condition." }, { "name": "Life stage and reproductive state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Pup, juvenile, adult or unknown; nursing, pregnant, lactating, breeding, other or unknown, with evidence", "why_it_matters": "Changes how presence ashore, dependency and seasonal behaviour should be interpreted." }, { "name": "Haul-out or rookery association", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named or georeferenced site; resting, breeding, mixed or unresolved use; observation dates", "why_it_matters": "Connects marine observations to terrestrial sites without assuming every aggregation is a breeding colony." }, { "name": "Foraging and diving activity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Dive depth in m, dive duration in min and trip duration in h or days; individual and sampling method", "why_it_matters": "Allows species-specific assessment of marine habitat use and effort." }, { "name": "Observed condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Species-appropriate body-condition score, mobility, visible wounds, entanglement and responsiveness; unknown allowed", "why_it_matters": "Supports response triage while separating observations from clinical diagnosis." }, { "name": "Abundance evidence", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Animals or pups counted; survey area, date, effort, detection assumptions and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Keeps a haul-out count distinct from a population estimate." }, { "name": "Applicable protection and response authority", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Species or population, jurisdiction, current instrument, effective date and authorised responder", "why_it_matters": "Makes response decisions specific to the animal's location and taxonomic identity." } ], "affordances": [ "Evaluate an identification from photographs, field notes or specimen evidence and retain unresolved species identity.", "Attach species and population records to the family while preserving their narrower scope.", "Compare body condition, diving effort or breeding observations against an appropriate species, sex, age and seasonal reference.", "Map links between haul-outs, breeding sites and observed marine use.", "Assess whether survey observations support an abundance or trend claim.", "Prepare an evidence-based disturbance, entanglement or stranding report for the applicable response authority." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "family-identity-and-membership", "name": "Family identity and membership", "description": "Establish what the registry entry denotes and how observations and narrower taxa relate to it.", "rationale": "Otariidae is a family containing sea lions and fur seals, so the model must avoid confusing a taxon with one animal or one common-name group.", "layers": [ { "id": "taxonomic-circumscription", "name": "Taxonomic circumscription", "description": "Record the authority and scope used to delimit the family.", "findings": [ { "id": "authority-bounded-membership", "name": "Authority-bounded membership", "description": "Require a dated taxonomic authority for accepted member taxa and record alternative names without silently creating additional registry things.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority and version define the accepted genera and species assigned to Otariidae?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "authority-bounded-membership-q01" }, { "text": "Does the adopted circumscription include extinct and fossil members, or only living taxa?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "authority-bounded-membership-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "Evaluate family and species assignments from observable evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "corroborated-otariid-identification", "name": "Corroborated otariid identification", "description": "Record visible diagnostic features, identification confidence and plausible alternatives; allow family-level identification when species evidence is insufficient.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which ear, flipper and movement features were observed, and which were obscured?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "corroborated-otariid-identification-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes this observation from a true seal, walrus or another otariid species?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "corroborated-otariid-identification-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "amphibious-body-and-performance", "name": "Amphibious body and performance", "description": "Represent anatomy and performance across water and land.", "rationale": "Recognition and condition assessment depend on the otariid combination of flipper anatomy, terrestrial mobility and aquatic activity.", "layers": [ { "id": "body-form-and-covering", "name": "Body form and covering", "description": "Contextualise measurements and external appearance.", "findings": [ { "id": "size-and-pelage-context", "name": "Size and pelage context", "description": "Interpret size, coat appearance and body condition against species, sex, development, wetness and moult rather than a family-wide norm.", "questions": [ { "text": "What species, sex and age evidence makes the chosen body-size or condition reference appropriate?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "size-and-pelage-context-q01" }, { "text": "How were length, mass and coat condition recorded, including wetness and possible moult?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "size-and-pelage-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "locomotion-and-dive-performance", "name": "Locomotion and dive performance", "description": "Separate observed capability from inferred impairment.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-in-context", "name": "Movement in context", "description": "Record land movement, swimming and diving with the observation conditions; avoid assigning uniform performance limits to all family members.", "questions": [ { "text": "What terrestrial movement, swimming behaviour or dive measurements were directly observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "movement-in-context-q01" }, { "text": "What species-specific evidence would justify flagging the observed movement as impaired?", "kind": "action", "id": "movement-in-context-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "marine-foraging-and-shore-use", "name": "Marine foraging and shore use", "description": "Connect feeding observations and marine movements to terrestrial site use.", "rationale": "An otariid's ecological context spans marine feeding areas and places ashore; either setting alone gives an incomplete interpretation.", "layers": [ { "id": "prey-and-foraging-evidence", "name": "Prey and foraging evidence", "description": "Qualify claims about diet and feeding effort.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-qualified-diet", "name": "Method-qualified diet", "description": "Attach prey and foraging claims to a species, place, season and evidence method rather than extrapolating them across Otariidae.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which prey identifications come from direct observation, samples or another stated analytical method?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "method-qualified-diet-q01" }, { "text": "What trip duration, dive pattern or feeding observation supports the inferred foraging effort?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "method-qualified-diet-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "haul-out-connectivity", "name": "Haul-out connectivity", "description": "Identify terrestrial site functions and evidence of movement between sites and sea.", "findings": [ { "id": "site-function-and-association", "name": "Site function and association", "description": "Distinguish resting sites from breeding rookeries and distinguish observed movement links from geographic proximity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations establish whether this site supports resting, breeding or both?", "kind": "definition", "id": "site-function-and-association-q01" }, { "text": "Which resightings or tracking records connect animals at this site to marine areas or other haul-outs?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "site-function-and-association-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "breeding-and-development", "name": "Breeding and development", "description": "Represent reproduction, maternal relationships and progression through life stages.", "rationale": "Breeding attendance and pup dependency affect the meaning of colony observations and apparent separation.", "layers": [ { "id": "breeding-aggregation", "name": "Breeding aggregation", "description": "Resolve reproductive activity within a specific species and colony.", "findings": [ { "id": "local-reproductive-cycle", "name": "Local reproductive cycle", "description": "Require local evidence for breeding timing, territorial activity and births rather than assuming one calendar or social pattern throughout the family.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dated observations establish births, mating or territorial breeding activity at this colony?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "local-reproductive-cycle-q01" }, { "text": "Which species, sex and age classes are represented in the aggregation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "local-reproductive-cycle-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "maternal-care-and-pup-development", "name": "Maternal care and pup development", "description": "Interpret dependency, attendance and developmental state.", "findings": [ { "id": "dependency-and-separation-evidence", "name": "Dependency and separation evidence", "description": "Record nursing, mother-pup association and repeated attendance observations; a single unattended-pup observation does not establish abandonment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports the pup's age, nursing status and association with a particular adult?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "dependency-and-separation-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What species-specific attendance information and repeat observations are needed before escalating suspected separation?", "kind": "action", "id": "dependency-and-separation-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-populations-and-response", "name": "Condition, populations and response", "description": "Connect biological observations to defensible assessment and response.", "rationale": "Visible animal distress, colony attendance and population change require different evidence and lead to different actions.", "layers": [ { "id": "individual-condition-and-exposure", "name": "Individual condition and exposure", "description": "Record observable injury, disturbance and interactions with human activity.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-based-response-triage", "name": "Evidence-based response triage", "description": "Separate observed entanglement, wounds, behaviour and location from inferred diagnosis, and link proposed intervention to an applicable authorised responder.", "questions": [ { "text": "What visible signs, timing and photographs support concern about injury, entanglement or disturbance?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "evidence-based-response-triage-q01" }, { "text": "Which current local guidance and response authority govern the next action for this species and location?", "kind": "action", "id": "evidence-based-response-triage-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population-assessment", "name": "Population assessment", "description": "Qualify abundance, trend and conservation interpretations.", "findings": [ { "id": "survey-and-status-scale", "name": "Survey and status scale", "description": "Preserve survey coverage and detectability assumptions, and attach conservation assessments to their actual species or population and assessment date.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reported number represent animals ashore, pups counted or an estimated population, and what uncertainty accompanies it?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "survey-and-status-scale-q01" }, { "text": "Which population boundary, assessment source and date support the stated trend or conservation status?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "survey-and-status-scale-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes a biological family, not a chemical substance or material; the batch's substance-specific guidance does not apply.", "Sea lions and fur seals are familiar groupings; their treatment as formal subfamilies and the accepted species count require taxonomic verification.", "Measurements are approximate family-wide envelopes; species, sex and measurement method must be specified for precise comparisons." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Sea lions", "Fur seals" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Zoological scientific nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Otariidae", "note": "Family name; individual species have binomial scientific names." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, maintained by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, governs zoological naming.", "United States Marine Mammal Protection Act protects marine mammals, including otariids; NOAA Fisheries administers protections for seals and sea lions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Taxonomic classification of sea lions and fur seals.", "Population monitoring and marine conservation planning.", "Research on diving physiology, locomotion and marine food webs.", "Management of interactions between pinnipeds and fisheries." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Adult body mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 25-1000 across species and sexes", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "Adult body length", "typical_range": "Approximately 1-3.3 across species and sexes", "unit": "m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Entanglement and drowning in fishing gear.", "Food shortages associated with ocean warming and changes in prey availability.", "Disturbance or loss of breeding and resting habitat.", "Exposure to infectious disease, contaminants and harmful algal toxins.", "Bites and other injuries during close encounters with humans." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Native distribution includes the North Pacific and parts of the Southern Hemisphere; no living otariids are native to the North Atlantic.", "Species differ in breeding habitat, migration, prey and responses to local ocean conditions.", "Legal protections and permitted management actions vary by species and jurisdiction." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Phocidae", "difference": "True seals lack external ear flaps and cannot rotate their hind flippers forward for walking." }, { "name": "Odobenidae", "difference": "The walrus family lacks external ear flaps and its living representative has enlarged upper canine tusks." }, { "name": "Pinnipedia", "difference": "The broader group includes Otariidae, Phocidae and Odobenidae." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Otariidae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which taxonomic authority should govern registry membership, and how should conflicting species names or revisions be reconciled?", "Should this registry model include fossil otariids, whose identification may require diagnostic evidence unavailable from living-animal field observations?", "Which species-, sex- and age-specific reference datasets are adequate for interpreting size, body condition and dive performance?", "What local breeding and maternal-attendance evidence is available to distinguish expected pup separation from a response-worthy situation?", "Which population boundaries, survey corrections and jurisdiction-specific response sources should be linked for the first intended deployment?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Otariidae, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise Otariidae, distinguish family membership from species and individual identity, and assess observations, ecological condition and appropriate responses using evidence at the correct biological scale.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: smiling sea lion, sea lion.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Otariidae, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "smiling sea lion", "sea lion" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Otariidae from another, and a Otariidae from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Otariidae sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Otariidae from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Otariidae is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Otariidae and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Otariidae is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Otariidae is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Otariidae is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Otariidae moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Otariidae passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Otariidae between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Otariidae, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Otariidae is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Otariidae is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Otariidae, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Otariidae from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Otariidae from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Otariidae does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Otariidae pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Otariidae judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Otariidae lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Otariidae, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Otariidae hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Otariidae came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Otariidae and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Otariidae is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Otariidae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Otariidae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Otariidae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }