{ "model": { "rank": 6354, "code": "thing-q273318", "model_id": "vr.tr.syringe", "name": "syringe", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a syringe, assess its recorded condition and suitability for an intended task, and identify permitted actions and unresolved constraints.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q273318/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "fire piston", "carpule syringe", "medical syringe", "hot air syringe", "cold air syringe", "hand syringe", "hypodermic syringe", "Safety syringe" ], "aliasCount": 8, "merged": 8, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.syringe", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q273318", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273318", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:57:39Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00384132, "turns": 1, "seconds": 51.4, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 71.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c27-f5fa-78f1-bcc1-a349704f7057\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: syringe\nRegistry id: vr.tr.syringe\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy m" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q273318", "registryId": "vr.tr.syringe", "name": "syringe", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q273318/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.syringe", "name": "syringe", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a syringe, assess its recorded condition and suitability for an intended task, and identify permitted actions and unresolved constraints.", "definition": "A syringe is a piston-driven, typically disposable, medical device consisting of a calibrated barrel and a sliding plunger that draws, measures, and expels a liquid through a Luer or Luer-lock nozzle, most often into or from a hypodermic needle, catheter, or other fitting.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the syringe as a physical device, including its fluid-displacement mechanism, barrel, outlet, integral components, capacity, interfaces, contents state and use history; it records relationships to substances, detachable needles and driving equipment without owning their models.", "in_scope": [ "Syringe identity, intended application and mechanism", "Barrel capacity, graduations and relevant dimensional specifications", "Outlet, seals, integral components and attachment compatibility", "Packaging, cleanliness, sterility claims, damage and use history", "Contents state, operating limits and reuse or disposal constraints" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Medication selection, prescribed dose and clinical treatment decisions", "Chemical or biological properties of the contained substance", "Detailed construction and condition of detachable needles and tubing", "Control logic and performance of syringe pumps or injectors", "Patient anatomy, injection-site selection and procedural technique", "Waste-management infrastructure and organisation-wide infection-control policy" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identify a fluid chamber connected to an outlet and a mechanism that changes chamber volume; record whether displacement uses a plunger, bulb or another mechanism.", "Distinguish a syringe from a needle or cannula by the presence of the fluid chamber and displacement mechanism rather than merely a hollow conduit.", "Distinguish a syringe from a passive vial or reservoir by its mechanism for actively drawing in or expelling contents.", "For a cartridge, pipette or integrated injector, determine whether the registered object is the syringe component or the larger dispensing device; appearance and graduations alone do not settle the boundary." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Intended application", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Manufacturer-stated application, such as injection, enteral delivery, irrigation, laboratory transfer or other; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Constrains suitable connections, substances and actions without inferring suitability from appearance." }, { "name": "Displacement mechanism", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Plunger, bulb, other documented mechanism, unknown", "why_it_matters": "Determines recognition criteria and how filling and emptying are represented." }, { "name": "Nominal capacity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mL or µL, with manufacturer-stated meaning", "why_it_matters": "Establishes the labelled volume range without assuming it equals total physical chamber volume." }, { "name": "Graduation scheme", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Labelled scale unit, smallest division and scale range; ungraduated; unreadable; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Determines how readings can be interpreted and prevents unsupported conversion of specialised scales." }, { "name": "Specified volume accuracy", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Absolute or relative tolerance with applicable volume range, test conditions and source; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Separates readable divisions from substantiated measurement or delivery performance." }, { "name": "Outlet interface", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Documented connector designation, geometry and locking method; integral needle; other; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports compatibility checks without treating physical attachment as proof of appropriate use." }, { "name": "Connected component", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Reference to attached needle, cap, tubing, adapter or driving equipment, with connection state", "why_it_matters": "Makes the current assembly explicit while preserving neighbouring model boundaries." }, { "name": "Residual volume", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mL or µL with assembly configuration, measurement method and conditions; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Allows retained contents to be distinguished from the indicated or displaced volume." }, { "name": "Contents state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Empty, filled, partially filled, residual contents or unknown, with substance reference and observed gas presence", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification and handling decisions without assuming that contents are known or suitable." }, { "name": "Barrier and sterility evidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Packaging integrity, opening history, labelled sterility claim and applicable expiry; unknown where unsupported", "why_it_matters": "Prevents visual cleanliness or an intact-looking device from being treated as proof of sterility." }, { "name": "Mechanical condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed barrel, outlet, seal and actuator condition, including defects, test results or unassessed", "why_it_matters": "Records evidence relevant to leakage, movement and structural suitability." }, { "name": "Use designation and history", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Labelled single-use or reusable designation; unused, previously used, reprocessed or unknown history", "why_it_matters": "Keeps manufacturer designation separate from actual history and supports handling restrictions." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the syringe and retrieve its applicable markings and instructions.", "Inspect the barrel, actuator, outlet, packaging and integral safety features.", "Read or measure contents volume within documented scale and accuracy limits.", "Check a proposed attachment or driving device against documented compatibility.", "Represent authorised filling or expelling actions with their prerequisites and resulting contents state.", "Flag, segregate or route the syringe for handling, reprocessing or disposal according to its designation and recorded condition." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "iso-7886-1", "title": "ISO 7886-1:2017 Sterile hypodermic syringes for single use - Part 1: Syringes for manual use", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/64790.html", "what_it_supports": "International product standard defining sterile single-use hypodermic syringes for manual use.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "iso-80369-3", "title": "ISO 80369-3:2016 Small-bore connectors for liquids and gases in healthcare applications - Part 3: Connectors for enteral applications", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/50731.html", "what_it_supports": "Standard for ENFit/enteral connectors that distinguish oral/enteral syringes from Luer hypodermic syringes.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "who-injection-safety", "title": "WHO best practices for injections and related procedures toolkit", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241599252", "what_it_supports": "Global injection-safety practice, reuse hazards, and preferred use of auto-disable syringes for immunization.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "fda-syringe-guidance", "title": "Technical Considerations for Pen, Jet, and Related Injectors Intended for Use with Drugs and Biological Products (FDA guidance)", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/technical-considerations-pen-jet-and-related-injectors-intended-use-drugs-and-biological-products", "what_it_supports": "US regulatory framing of syringes and related injectors as drug-delivery devices.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-device-boundary", "name": "Identity and device boundary", "description": "Establishes what syringe is present and which components belong to the modelled object.", "rationale": "Syringes can appear alone, prefilled or embedded in larger devices, and their intended applications cannot reliably be inferred from shape.", "layers": [ { "id": "recognition-and-application", "name": "Recognition and application", "description": "Records evidence that identifies the syringe and its intended role.", "findings": [ { "id": "mechanism-and-labelled-purpose", "name": "Mechanism and labelled purpose", "description": "Record the chamber, outlet and displacement mechanism together with the stated application and identification evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What chamber and displacement mechanism establish that this object is a syringe?", "kind": "definition", "id": "mechanism-and-labelled-purpose-q01" }, { "text": "Which markings or manufacturer documentation establish its identity and intended application?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "mechanism-and-labelled-purpose-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assembly-boundary", "name": "Assembly boundary", "description": "Separates integral syringe parts from contents, attachments and enclosing devices.", "findings": [ { "id": "integral-and-associated-components", "name": "Integral and associated components", "description": "Record whether a needle, cap, safety mechanism or actuator is integral, detachable or part of another device.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which components belong to this syringe instance, and which require references to separate objects?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "integral-and-associated-components-q01" }, { "text": "If supplied prefilled or inside an injector, where does the syringe boundary end?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "integral-and-associated-components-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "volume-and-delivery-evidence", "name": "Volume and delivery evidence", "description": "Captures what the syringe scale and displacement can substantiate about volume.", "rationale": "Capacity, indicated volume, expelled volume and residual volume must remain distinguishable.", "layers": [ { "id": "capacity-and-scale", "name": "Capacity and scale", "description": "Records labelled capacity and the interpretation of any graduations.", "findings": [ { "id": "readable-volume-range", "name": "Readable volume range", "description": "Record scale units, range, divisions, legibility and the documented reference point used for reading.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the nominal capacity, scale units and smallest marked division, or is the syringe ungraduated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "readable-volume-range-q01" }, { "text": "What documented reading convention and tolerance apply to this syringe and volume range?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "readable-volume-range-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "displacement-and-retention", "name": "Displacement and retention", "description": "Relates chamber readings to transfer and retained contents under stated conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "delivered-and-residual-volume", "name": "Delivered and residual volume", "description": "Record delivery or residual-volume evidence with the tested syringe configuration and method.", "questions": [ { "text": "What residual volume is specified or measured for the syringe with its current outlet attachments?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "delivered-and-residual-volume-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports relating the indicated volume to the volume actually transferred under the intended conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "delivered-and-residual-volume-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "connections-and-operating-fit", "name": "Connections and operating fit", "description": "Records outlet compatibility and constraints imposed by materials, attachments and driving equipment.", "rationale": "A connection that physically fits does not by itself establish application compatibility or acceptable operation.", "layers": [ { "id": "outlet-and-attachments", "name": "Outlet and attachments", "description": "Identifies the outlet and the evidence for using it with a proposed component.", "findings": [ { "id": "connection-compatibility", "name": "Connection compatibility", "description": "Record connector designation, attachment identity, engagement state and documented compatibility.", "questions": [ { "text": "What outlet designation and locking or engagement mechanism does this syringe have?", "kind": "definition", "id": "connection-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What documentation establishes compatibility with the proposed needle, tubing, cap or adapter for this application?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "connection-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "materials-and-driving-constraints", "name": "Materials and driving constraints", "description": "Captures application-specific material and mechanical limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-operating-configuration", "name": "Supported operating configuration", "description": "Record relevant wetted materials and any specified constraints for manual or equipment-driven operation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which documented material-compatibility and operating limits apply to the intended contents and conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-operating-configuration-q01" }, { "text": "If driven by a pump or injector, what evidence confirms support for this syringe model and configuration?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-operating-configuration-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "contents-and-condition", "name": "Contents and condition", "description": "Records the syringe's current contents and evidence about its physical and contamination-related state.", "rationale": "An apparently intact syringe may still have unknown contents, compromised packaging or an undocumented use history.", "layers": [ { "id": "fill-and-identification", "name": "Fill and identification", "description": "Tracks contents identity, amount and observable chamber state.", "findings": [ { "id": "current-contents-evidence", "name": "Current contents evidence", "description": "Separate observed fill state from substantiated substance identity and preparation history.", "questions": [ { "text": "What contents volume, residual contents and visible gas are observed, and how were they assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "current-contents-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What label, preparation record or other evidence identifies the contents and when they entered this syringe?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "current-contents-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "integrity-and-barrier-state", "name": "Integrity and barrier state", "description": "Records mechanical defects and the evidence supporting cleanliness or sterility claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-evidence-and-unknowns", "name": "Condition evidence and unknowns", "description": "Record barrel, seal, outlet and actuator observations alongside packaging status, labelled claims and relevant dates.", "questions": [ { "text": "What cracks, leakage, deformation, seal defects or abnormal actuator movement have been observed or tested?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-evidence-and-unknowns-q01" }, { "text": "What packaging, opening-history and expiry evidence supports the recorded sterility status, and what remains unknown?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "condition-evidence-and-unknowns-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-controls-and-end-state", "name": "Use controls and end state", "description": "Connects device designation and current state to permitted handling and final disposition.", "rationale": "Use restrictions and safety mechanisms affect which transitions remain available after opening, filling or use.", "layers": [ { "id": "action-prerequisites", "name": "Action prerequisites", "description": "Records prerequisites for proposed syringe actions without prescribing a clinical procedure.", "findings": [ { "id": "permitted-use-transition", "name": "Permitted use transition", "description": "Associate a proposed filling, connection or expelling action with applicable instructions, condition evidence and task authorisation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which instructions and task requirements govern the proposed action on this syringe?", "kind": "action", "id": "permitted-use-transition-q01" }, { "text": "Which unresolved identity, contents, compatibility or condition issues prevent deciding whether the action is permitted?", "kind": "action", "id": "permitted-use-transition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reuse-and-safety-state", "name": "Reuse and safety state", "description": "Tracks use history, any protective or disabling mechanism and the next permitted disposition.", "findings": [ { "id": "post-use-disposition", "name": "Post-use disposition", "description": "Record the labelled reuse designation, actual history, safety-feature state and applicable handling route.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes the single-use or reusable designation and any previous use or reprocessing?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "post-use-disposition-q01" }, { "text": "What state is any protective or disabling mechanism in, and what handling, reprocessing or disposal action is permitted next?", "kind": "action", "id": "post-use-disposition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "hypodermic (needle-and-syringe) for injection and aspiration", "insulin syringe (fixed or attached fine needle, typically U-100)", "tuberculin syringe (1 mL, 0.01 mL graduations)", "oral/enteral syringe (non-Luer tip; ENFit/ISO 80369-3)", "prefilled syringe (drug-device combination, often staked needle)", "safety syringe (retractable or shielded needle)", "glass reusable syringe (laboratory or specialty clinical)", "catheter-tip / irrigation syringe (large-volume, blunt tip)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q5349", "note": "Wikidata item for syringe" }, { "scheme": "GMDN", "value_or_pattern": "GMDN preferred terms in the syringe family (e.g. hypodermic syringe, insulin syringe, oral/enteral syringe)", "note": "Global Medical Device Nomenclature used in UDI/GUDID device classification" }, { "scheme": "UMDNS", "value_or_pattern": "UMDNS 13-912 (Syringes) and more specific codes by type", "note": "Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System" }, { "scheme": "ISO 7886 series", "value_or_pattern": "ISO 7886-1 / -2 / -3 / -4 product standards as type identifiers", "note": "Part 1 manual hypodermic; Part 2 pumps; Part 3 auto-disable; Part 4 reuse-prevention" }, { "scheme": "UDI / GTIN", "value_or_pattern": "Device-specific GTIN + production identifiers on labelled sterile syringes", "note": "FDA UDI and EU MDR unique device identification" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ISO 7886-1:2017 Sterile hypodermic syringes for single use - Part 1: Syringes for manual use (ISO)", "ISO 7886-3 Auto-disable syringes for immunization (ISO)", "ISO 7886-4 Syringes with reuse-prevention features (ISO)", "ISO 80369-3 Enteral small-bore connectors / ENFit (ISO)", "ISO 80369-7 Connectors for intravascular or hypodermic applications (Luer) (ISO)", "ISO 23908 Sharps injury protection - requirements and test methods (ISO)", "EU Medical Device Regulation (EU) 2017/745 - syringes as medical devices / combination products (European Union)", "FDA 21 CFR 880.5860 Piston syringe (Class II) (US FDA)", "WHO / UNICEF auto-disable syringe specifications for immunization programmes (WHO, UNICEF)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, and intravenous injection of drugs, vaccines, and biologics in clinics, hospitals, and pharmacies", "Aspiration of blood, body fluids, or drug from vials/ampoules before administration", "Insulin self-administration with dedicated U-100 syringes", "Oral/enteral dosing of liquid medicines, especially in paediatrics, using ENFit syringes to prevent Luer misconnection", "Irrigation of wounds, ears, or catheters with catheter-tip syringes", "Laboratory handling of small liquid volumes with glass or disposable syringes", "Immunization campaigns using auto-disable syringes that lock after a single use" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "nominal capacity", "typical_range": "0.3-60 (common clinical: 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50/60)", "unit": "mL" }, { "quantity": "graduation interval", "typical_range": "0.01 (tuberculin/insulin) to 1-2 (large irrigation)", "unit": "mL" }, { "quantity": "needle gauge (when supplied)", "typical_range": "18-31", "unit": "G (Stubs gauge)" }, { "quantity": "needle length (when supplied)", "typical_range": "6-50", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "dead space (residual volume)", "typical_range": "low-dead-space designs often <0.05; conventional higher", "unit": "mL" }, { "quantity": "force to move plunger (ISO 7886-1 test)", "typical_range": "within standard-specified limits for the size", "unit": "N" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Needlestick injury to healthcare workers after use", "Reuse of single-use syringes transmitting blood-borne pathogens (HBV, HCV, HIV)", "Wrong-route administration from Luer misconnection (e.g. oral/enteral liquid given IV) - mitigated by ISO 80369 / ENFit", "Dosing error from reading the wrong scale (insulin U-40 vs U-100; tuberculin vs insulin)", "Plunger-stopper leakage, air embolism if air is injected IV, or inaccurate volume from worn/loosened stopper", "Needle detachment or Luer slip disconnection under pressure", "Particulate or silicone-oil contamination of injectables from syringe barrels (especially prefilled biologics)", "Sharps-container overflow and unsafe disposal in community settings" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Insulin: U-100 is standard in the US, EU, and most high-income settings; U-40 syringes/vials persist in some markets and cause mix-up risk", "Enteral connectors: ENFit (ISO 80369-3) adopted widely in US, EU, Australia, Japan; residual use of legacy oral syringes/Luer in some facilities", "Immunization: WHO/UNICEF programmes in many LMICs require auto-disable (AD) syringes; reusable glass syringes historically used and now discouraged", "UK/EU often specify 'ml' syringes with Luer lock for IV; US hospitals commonly stock both Luer slip and Luer lock by department", "Japan and some Asian markets historically used unique connector practices; ISO 80369 is the convergence path" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "hypodermic needle", "difference": "The needle is the hollow sharp cannula; the syringe is the barrel-and-plunger assembly that may or may not be supplied with a needle." }, { "name": "pen injector / insulin pen", "difference": "A cartridge-based, dial-dose injector, not a piston barrel with printed graduations; dose is set by a click mechanism rather than reading a scale." }, { "name": "autoinjector / jet injector", "difference": "Spring- or gas-driven delivery, often needle-hidden or needle-free; not a manually advanced plunger in an open barrel." }, { "name": "pipette / micropipette", "difference": "Air-displacement laboratory volumetric tool with a disposable tip, not a medical Luer piston syringe for parenteral or enteral use." }, { "name": "cannula / IV catheter", "difference": "An indwelling vascular access tube; a syringe may attach to it but is not the access device itself." }, { "name": "oral dosing cup or dropper", "difference": "Open or bulb devices without a piston barrel and without a small-bore connector standard." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of syringe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does this registry entry include bulb syringes, gas-tight laboratory syringes and syringe components inside integrated injectors, or do neighbouring entries own some of these forms?", "Which primary sources and applicable standards establish recognition criteria and connector designations across the included syringe families?", "Which volume-reading conventions, accuracy specifications and residual-volume test methods apply to each included family?", "What evidence is sufficient to establish material compatibility and equipment compatibility for a particular syringe configuration?", "Which manufacturer instructions and application-specific rules determine reuse, reprocessing, safety-feature operation and disposal for the included variants?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a syringe, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a syringe, assess its recorded condition and suitability for an intended task, and identify permitted actions and unresolved constraints.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: fire piston, carpule syringe, medical syringe, hot air syringe, cold air syringe, hand syringe, hypodermic syringe, Safety syringe.", "8 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a syringe, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "fire piston", "carpule syringe", "medical syringe", "hot air syringe", "cold air syringe", "hand syringe", "hypodermic syringe", "Safety syringe" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 8 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one syringe from another, and a syringe from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a syringe sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a syringe from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a syringe is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a syringe is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a syringe is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a syringe is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a syringe is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a syringe is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a syringe passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a syringe between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a syringe, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a syringe is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What syringe is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does syringe perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise syringe, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How syringe is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does syringe have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does syringe need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about syringe is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about syringe hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern syringe, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a syringe came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a syringe and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a syringe is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a syringe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a syringe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a syringe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }