{ "model": { "rank": 10611, "code": "thing-q27429789", "model_id": "vr.tr.macular-degeneration", "name": "macular degeneration", "purpose": "Let an agent explain macular degeneration and its forms in general terms from clinical guidelines, relay risk factors, diagnosis and treatment approaches, distinguish age-related from inherited forms, and route personal eye questions to eye care professionals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q27429789/", "tier": 2, "score": 44, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "degeneration of macula and posterior pole", "occult macular dystrophy", "bestrophinopathy", "patterned macular dystrophy", "geographic atrophy", "vitelliform macular dystrophy", "Kuhnt-Junius degeneration", "hole retinal cyst", "cystoid macular retinal degeneration", "toxic maculopathy", "Best’s vitelliform macular dystrophy", "macular dystrophy, vitelliform, 1", "adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy", "macular dystrophy, vitelliform, 4", "macular dystrophy, vitelliform, 5", "macular dystrophy, vitelliform, 3" ], "aliasCount": 16, "merged": 16, "knownIn": 44, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.macular-degeneration", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q27429789", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T01:04:35Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q27429789", "registryId": "vr.tr.macular-degeneration", "name": "macular degeneration", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q27429789/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.macular-degeneration", "name": "macular degeneration", "purpose": "Let an agent explain macular degeneration and its forms in general terms from clinical guidelines, relay risk factors, diagnosis and treatment approaches, distinguish age-related from inherited forms, and route personal eye questions to eye care professionals.", "definition": "A group of eye conditions in which the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision, deteriorates, chiefly age-related macular degeneration in dry form progressing to geographic atrophy and wet form with abnormal blood vessels, and inherited macular dystrophies such as Best vitelliform dystrophy and other bestrophinopathies, pattern dystrophies and occult macular dystrophy; macular degeneration is a leading cause of vision loss in older people and is managed with monitoring, injections for wet forms, supplements and low vision support.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a group of eye conditions.", "affordances": [ "explain forms and causes", "relay diagnosis and treatment approaches", "distinguish age-related from inherited forms", "route personal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Central vision loss", "Age-related and inherited forms", "Anti-VEGF treatment for wet AMD", "Preserved peripheral vision" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; retinal changes seen on examination and imaging.", "visual_identification": [ "Deterioration of the central retina", "Dry and wet age-related forms, geographic atrophy, inherited dystrophies", "Glaucoma affects the optic nerve; cataract affects the lens; diabetic retinopathy is vascular" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "people with AMD worldwide", "typical_range": "about 200 million", "unit": "people", "note": "estimates" }, { "quantity": "share of AMD that is wet", "typical_range": "about 10-15", "unit": "percent", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "dry age-related macular degeneration", "geographic atrophy", "wet or neovascular age-related macular degeneration", "Best disease and other bestrophinopathies", "vitelliform and pattern macular dystrophies", "occult macular dystrophy", "myopic macular degeneration" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "maculopathy", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "retinal degeneration", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "blindness", "why": "in registry terms, as a cause of vision loss" }, { "relation": "is treated with", "target": "anti-VEGF therapy", "why": "in wet forms" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ICD-11", "value_or_pattern": "9B75", "note": "degeneration of macula and posterior pole" }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D008268", "note": "macular degeneration" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Ophthalmology guidelines on AMD management", "Approval of anti-VEGF and complement inhibitor therapies", "Low vision and disability support rules" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Delayed treatment of wet AMD", "Agents giving personal medical advice", "Confusing forms", "Unproven supplements" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "help", "name": "Help", "description": "Getting help first.", "rationale": "Safety.", "layers": [ { "id": "urgent", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent signs.", "findings": [ { "id": "urgent-finding", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent.", "questions": [ { "text": "What sudden vision changes need urgent eye care?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Is the user describing sudden distortion or loss of vision, which needs prompt eye care?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Eye care.", "findings": [ { "id": "care-finding", "name": "Care", "description": "Care.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is macular degeneration diagnosed and monitored by eye care professionals, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own eyes, which needs an eye care professional?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "The conditions.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "forms", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms and causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "forms-finding", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What forms of macular degeneration exist, and what causes them?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about age-related or inherited macular degeneration?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "risk", "name": "Risk", "description": "Risk factors.", "findings": [ { "id": "risk-finding", "name": "Risk", "description": "Risk.", "questions": [ { "text": "What risk factors, including age, smoking and genetics, does research identify?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific form?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "treat", "name": "Treat", "description": "Treatment and living.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What treatments exist for wet and dry forms, per guidelines, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "living", "name": "Living", "description": "Living with vision loss.", "findings": [ { "id": "living-finding", "name": "Living", "description": "Living.", "questions": [ { "text": "What low vision aids and support services exist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits low vision rehabilitation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Research and epidemiology.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "research", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "findings": [ { "id": "research-finding", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "questions": [ { "text": "What research is ongoing on gene therapy, complement inhibition and cell therapy, with findings attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology-finding", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common is macular degeneration, and how is prevalence changing, with sources?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which entry fits global vision loss?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should age-related macular degeneration be a separate primary entry?", "How should guidelines be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming inherited dystrophies and classifications; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a macular degeneration, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain macular degeneration and its forms in general terms from clinical guidelines, relay risk factors, diagnosis and treatment approaches, distinguish age-related from inherited forms, and route personal eye questions to eye care professionals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: degeneration of macula and posterior pole, occult macular dystrophy, bestrophinopathy, patterned macular dystrophy, geographic atrophy, vitelliform macular dystrophy, Kuhnt-Junius degeneration, hole retinal cyst, cystoid macular retinal degeneration, toxic maculopathy, Best’s vitelliform macular dystrophy, macular dystrophy, vitelliform, 1.", "16 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 44 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a macular degeneration, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "degeneration of macula and posterior pole", "occult macular dystrophy", "bestrophinopathy", "patterned macular dystrophy", "geographic atrophy", "vitelliform macular dystrophy", "Kuhnt-Junius degeneration", "hole retinal cyst", "cystoid macular retinal degeneration", "toxic maculopathy", "Best’s vitelliform macular dystrophy", "macular dystrophy, vitelliform, 1" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 44 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 16 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one macular degeneration from another, and a macular degeneration from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a macular degeneration sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a macular degeneration from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a macular degeneration passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a macular degeneration between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a macular degeneration, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a macular degeneration is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What macular degeneration is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of macular degeneration are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is macular degeneration operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of macular degeneration and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of macular degeneration?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as macular degeneration?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a macular degeneration came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a macular degeneration and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a macular degeneration is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a macular degeneration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a macular degeneration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a macular degeneration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }