{ "model": { "rank": 6854, "code": "thing-q28352", "model_id": "vr.tr.magnetic-permeability", "name": "magnetic permeability", "purpose": "Enable an agent to interpret, compare and apply magnetic permeability while checking that its definition, material state and measurement conditions support the intended magnetic-field calculation.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q28352/", "tier": 2, "score": 58, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "permeability tensor", "magnetic constant", "permeameter" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 58, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q28352", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28352", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T23:38:47Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08888-dc27-7420-b794-a201d3a62d47\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: magnetic permeability\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.QLT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 007", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08888-dc33-7502-9c8a-1027f5305fdb\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: magnetic permeability\nRegistry id: vr.tr.magnetic-permeability\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.QLT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into t" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q28352", "registryId": "vr.tr.magnetic-permeability", "name": "magnetic permeability", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q28352/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.magnetic-permeability", "name": "magnetic permeability", "purpose": "Enable an agent to interpret, compare and apply magnetic permeability while checking that its definition, material state and measurement conditions support the intended magnetic-field calculation.", "definition": "Magnetic permeability characterizes the relationship between magnetic flux density B and magnetic field strength H in a medium, expressed as B = μH for a linear isotropic medium, with more general descriptions needed for anisotropy, nonlinearity, hysteresis and frequency dependence.", "scope_statement": "This model owns magnetic permeability as a constitutive quantity relating magnetic flux density B to magnetic field strength H, including absolute, relative, differential, complex and tensor forms and the conditions under which each is meaningful.", "in_scope": [ "Definitions and distinctions among absolute, relative, secant, differential, initial and incremental permeability", "Scalar, tensor and complex representations of magnetic response", "Dependence on field strength, frequency, temperature, direction and magnetic history", "Measurement, extraction, uncertainty and applicability of reported permeability", "Distinction between intrinsic material response and effective or apparent permeability" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Magnetic susceptibility as an independently modelled response quantity", "Magnetization, magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength as separate quantities", "Complete hysteresis-loop and magnetic-loss models", "Electrical permittivity and conductivity", "Design and operation of magnets, inductors, transformers and magnetic circuits", "Material composition and manufacturing processes beyond their effects on permeability" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A permeability relates B to H; susceptibility instead relates magnetization M to H, with conversion requiring a stated convention and constitutive regime.", "Absolute permeability has SI units of henries per metre; relative permeability is dimensionless and normalizes the corresponding permeability by vacuum permeability.", "Permeability characterizes a response relationship rather than the instantaneous magnitude of B, H or M.", "A value obtained as B/H is a secant quantity and generally differs from the local slope dB/dH in a nonlinear or hysteretic material.", "A scalar material constant is sufficient only under appropriate assumptions; directional, frequency-dependent or history-dependent response requires additional representation and conditions." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Permeability definition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "absolute or relative; secant, differential, initial, incremental, amplitude or explicitly defined alternative", "why_it_matters": "Numerically similar values can describe different response operations and cannot be substituted without checking their definitions." }, { "name": "Absolute permeability", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "H/m, equivalently N/A²; scalar, complex scalar or tensor components", "why_it_matters": "Provides the dimensional constitutive coefficient required by a compatible SI field model." }, { "name": "Relative permeability", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "dimensionless; corresponding absolute permeability divided by μ0", "why_it_matters": "Supports normalized comparison while retaining the same operating conditions and response definition." }, { "name": "Operating field and excitation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "H bias and amplitude in A/m; B bias and amplitude in T; frequency in Hz; waveform", "why_it_matters": "Bias, excitation amplitude and frequency determine which local or cycle-dependent response is being described." }, { "name": "Material condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "temperature in K; stress in Pa where relevant; magnetic, thermal and processing history", "why_it_matters": "Permeability can change when the material state changes even if composition is unchanged." }, { "name": "Directional representation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "isotropic scalar, diagonal tensor or full tensor with coordinate basis", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether B and H may be treated as parallel and how values transform between orientations." }, { "name": "Complex-response convention", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "phasor time convention; real and imaginary parts; component ordering", "why_it_matters": "The sign and interpretation of an imaginary component depend on the adopted convention." }, { "name": "Response attribution", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "vacuum, constituent material, specimen, composite or homogenized structure", "why_it_matters": "Separates a material response from values that incorporate geometry, interfaces or an extraction model." }, { "name": "Validity and uncertainty", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "uncertainty or interval with coverage basis; supported ranges of field, frequency, temperature and direction", "why_it_matters": "Allows an agent to assess whether a value is sufficiently supported for comparison or prediction." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a reported permeability by its defining operation, normalization and representation.", "Convert between absolute and relative permeability using a declared μ0 reference while preserving conditions and uncertainty.", "Select a permeability value, curve or tensor compatible with an intended operating point and field model.", "Identify when two reported values are comparable and flag missing conditions that prevent comparison.", "Request measurements or constitutive data needed when a scalar constant cannot support the intended calculation.", "Assess whether an apparent or effective value can transfer from its measured specimen to another geometry." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "constitutive-meaning", "name": "Constitutive meaning", "description": "Establishes exactly what relationship a reported permeability represents.", "rationale": "The word permeability alone does not identify a unique operation on magnetic response data.", "layers": [ { "id": "field-relationship", "name": "Field relationship", "description": "Identifies the fields, constitutive assumptions and normalization.", "findings": [ { "id": "b-h-relationship", "name": "B-H relationship", "description": "Record whether permeability represents a linear relation B = μH, a local perturbation relation or another explicitly defined operation; include offsets or history dependence when required.", "questions": [ { "text": "What equation defines this permeability, and does it relate total fields or changes about an operating point?", "kind": "definition", "id": "b-h-relationship-q01" }, { "text": "Would remanence, nonlinearity or hysteresis make the proposed B = μH interpretation inadequate?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "b-h-relationship-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "normalization-and-neighbours", "name": "Normalization and neighbouring quantities", "description": "Separates absolute permeability, relative permeability and susceptibility.", "findings": [ { "id": "normalization-convention", "name": "Normalization convention", "description": "Record units and the reference used for μr = μ/μ0. Relations to susceptibility must use compatible SI definitions, operating conditions and scalar or tensor representations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the reported quantity absolute or relative permeability, and which unit system and μ0 reference are used?", "kind": "definition", "id": "normalization-convention-q01" }, { "text": "If susceptibility is used to derive permeability, are its response definition and representation compatible with the conversion?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "normalization-convention-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operating-point-and-history", "name": "Operating point and history", "description": "Locates permeability within the material's field-dependent and history-dependent response.", "rationale": "A permeability value can become misleading when separated from its bias, excitation amplitude or magnetic preparation.", "layers": [ { "id": "slope-and-amplitude", "name": "Slope and amplitude", "description": "Distinguishes ratios, local derivatives and finite-excursion measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "response-operation", "name": "Response operation", "description": "Record whether the value is a secant ratio, local differential slope, initial response or finite-excursion measure, rather than inferring the operation from the label.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this value calculated from B/H, dB/dH, ΔB/ΔH or an amplitude-based procedure?", "kind": "definition", "id": "response-operation-q01" }, { "text": "What bias point, excursion amplitude and curve segment were used?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "response-operation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "magnetic-preparation", "name": "Magnetic preparation", "description": "Captures the history and material conditions that establish the measured response.", "findings": [ { "id": "state-qualified-permeability", "name": "State-qualified permeability", "description": "Associate the value with its demagnetization or magnetization procedure, hysteresis branch, temperature and other relevant conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What magnetic preparation and field trajectory produced the state in which permeability was evaluated?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "state-qualified-permeability-q01" }, { "text": "Which temperature, stress or processing conditions must be preserved for this value to remain applicable?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "state-qualified-permeability-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "dynamic-and-directional-response", "name": "Dynamic and directional response", "description": "Represents response that cannot be expressed adequately by one real scalar.", "rationale": "Frequency dependence, phase lag and anisotropy change both the mathematical representation and permissible uses of permeability.", "layers": [ { "id": "frequency-and-phase", "name": "Frequency and phase", "description": "Qualifies dynamic permeability by excitation and complex-number conventions.", "findings": [ { "id": "complex-permeability", "name": "Complex permeability", "description": "Record frequency, waveform, amplitude and phasor convention when permeability describes harmonic response. Do not interpret the imaginary component without the convention and extraction assumptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "At what frequencies and excitation amplitudes were the real and imaginary components obtained?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "complex-permeability-q01" }, { "text": "Which time dependence and complex-permeability sign convention define the reported components?", "kind": "definition", "id": "complex-permeability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "anisotropy-and-basis", "name": "Anisotropy and basis", "description": "Records orientation and coupling between field components.", "findings": [ { "id": "tensor-permeability", "name": "Tensor permeability", "description": "Identify the coordinate basis, material orientation and bias conditions for tensor components; justify any reduction to a scalar or diagonal representation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which axes and bias direction define the reported components, and are off-diagonal terms relevant?", "kind": "definition", "id": "tensor-permeability-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports using a scalar permeability for the intended field orientation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "tensor-permeability-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement-and-attribution", "name": "Measurement and attribution", "description": "Connects permeability values to measurements, specimens and extraction assumptions.", "rationale": "Measured magnetic response can include geometry and electromagnetic effects that prevent direct attribution to an intrinsic material property.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurement-chain", "name": "Measurement chain", "description": "Captures the observations and corrections from which permeability was obtained.", "findings": [ { "id": "traceable-extraction", "name": "Traceable extraction", "description": "Record the method, specimen dimensions, calibration, field estimation and uncertainty supporting a reported value or curve.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measured observables and extraction equation produced the permeability?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-extraction-q01" }, { "text": "How were calibration, dimensional uncertainty and relevant parasitic effects accounted for?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "traceable-extraction-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "intrinsic-versus-effective", "name": "Intrinsic versus effective", "description": "Determines which physical system owns the reported response.", "findings": [ { "id": "geometry-and-homogenization", "name": "Geometry and homogenization", "description": "Distinguish permeability attributed to a material from apparent specimen response or an effective composite or structural response, including demagnetizing-field and homogenization assumptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reported H denote internal material field or externally applied field, and how were demagnetizing effects treated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "geometry-and-homogenization-q01" }, { "text": "Does this permeability belong to a constituent material, a specific specimen or a homogenized structure?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "geometry-and-homogenization-q02" }, { "text": "What geometry or scale assumptions must hold before transferring it to another system?", "kind": "action", "id": "geometry-and-homogenization-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "applicability-and-agent-decisions", "name": "Applicability and agent decisions", "description": "Determines whether available permeability evidence supports an intended comparison or calculation.", "rationale": "An agent needs explicit criteria for selecting data and recognizing when additional response information is required.", "layers": [ { "id": "validity-envelope", "name": "Validity envelope", "description": "Defines the supported operating region and limits of interpolation or extrapolation.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-operating-region", "name": "Supported operating region", "description": "Associate each value, curve or tensor with supported field, frequency, temperature and orientation ranges and its uncertainty.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the intended operating condition lie inside the region supported by measurements or a validated constitutive model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-operating-region-q01" }, { "text": "What further data are needed if operation approaches saturation, resonance or another unsupported response regime?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-operating-region-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "comparison-and-model-selection", "name": "Comparison and model selection", "description": "Matches the permeability representation to the decision being made.", "findings": [ { "id": "compatible-use", "name": "Compatible use", "description": "Compare values only after matching definitions and conditions, and choose a constant, curve, complex response, tensor or richer constitutive model according to the intended calculation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Do the candidate values use compatible response definitions, frequencies, bias conditions, orientations and material states?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "compatible-use-q01" }, { "text": "Can the intended calculation use the available permeability representation, or does it require fuller nonlinear or hysteretic response data?", "kind": "action", "id": "compatible-use-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, not source-verified research; check the applicable IEC 60404 part and edition for a particular material and measurement method.", "A material permeability value needs its field amplitude, bias, frequency, temperature, specimen geometry and magnetic history specified; anisotropic response may require a tensor.", "In the revised SI, μ₀ is experimentally determined rather than fixed exactly at 4π × 10⁻⁷ H/m; check a current CODATA adjustment if precision matters." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Absolute permeability", "Relative permeability", "Initial permeability", "Differential or incremental permeability", "Effective permeability", "Complex permeability" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Physical quantity symbols", "value_or_pattern": "μ, μ₀, μᵣ", "note": "Common symbols for absolute permeability, vacuum permeability and relative permeability respectively; these are quantity symbols, not unique registry identifiers." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "IEC 60404 series, Magnetic materials, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission, covers magnetic material characterization and measurement methods.", "The SI Brochure, issued by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, establishes the SI framework in which permeability is expressed in henries per metre." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Selecting magnetic core materials for transformers, inductors and electromagnets.", "Calculating magnetic fields and magnetic circuit reluctance.", "Designing magnetic shielding.", "Characterizing materials through permeability measurements and magnetic nondestructive testing.", "Modelling frequency-dependent magnetic response and losses in electromagnetic components." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Vacuum permeability μ₀", "typical_range": "Approximately 1.25663706 × 10⁻⁶; a reference constant rather than a material range.", "unit": "H/m" }, { "quantity": "Relative permeability μᵣ = μ/μ₀", "typical_range": "Exactly 1 for vacuum by definition; near 1 for weakly magnetic materials; soft magnetic materials can exhibit values from hundreds to hundreds of thousands under specified conditions.", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Differential permeability dB/dH", "typical_range": "No universal range; depends on material, operating point and magnetic history.", "unit": "H/m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Treating permeability as constant near magnetic saturation can substantially mispredict inductance and current.", "Ignoring hysteresis and magnetic history can make a single reported permeability value misleading.", "Using low-frequency permeability at high frequencies can mispredict component response, losses and heating.", "Confusing intrinsic material permeability with effective permeability of a gapped or shaped component can produce design errors.", "Ignoring temperature, mechanical stress or directional dependence can invalidate measured or tabulated values." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "SI and Gaussian-CGS conventions differ in their electromagnetic equations and treatment of permeability; values and formulas require explicit unit-system identification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Magnetic susceptibility", "difference": "Susceptibility relates magnetization M to H; permeability relates B to H. For a linear isotropic medium in SI, μᵣ = 1 + χ." }, { "name": "Magnetic flux density", "difference": "B is a magnetic field quantity measured in teslas; permeability describes the constitutive relationship involving B and H." }, { "name": "Magnetic field strength", "difference": "H is a magnetic field quantity measured in amperes per metre; permeability relates it to magnetic flux density under specified conditions." }, { "name": "Magnetic reluctivity", "difference": "Reluctivity is the reciprocal of scalar permeability, or the inverse permeability tensor where applicable." }, { "name": "Magnetic permeance", "difference": "Permeance describes a magnetic circuit or component and depends on geometry as well as permeability." }, { "name": "Electrical permittivity", "difference": "Permittivity relates electric displacement to electric field; permeability concerns magnetic response." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of magnetic permeability this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative references and measurement standards should anchor the publication's definitions of initial, incremental and amplitude permeability, including differences between their conventions?", "How broadly should this entry cover effective permeability of metamaterials and spatially dispersive media, where a local constitutive coefficient may be inadequate?", "What minimum measurement metadata should be required for different specimen types before an agent treats a reported permeability as transferable?", "Which neighbouring Vercy models already own susceptibility, magnetization, hysteresis and magnetic material state, and where should this entry link to them?", "How should the publication represent superconducting screening and other cases where an apparent permeability depends strongly on geometry and the field model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a magnetic permeability, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to interpret, compare and apply magnetic permeability while checking that its definition, material state and measurement conditions support the intended magnetic-field calculation.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: permeability tensor, magnetic constant, permeameter.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a magnetic permeability, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "permeability tensor", "magnetic constant", "permeameter" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one magnetic permeability from another, and a magnetic permeability from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a magnetic permeability sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a magnetic permeability from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a magnetic permeability passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a magnetic permeability between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a magnetic permeability, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a magnetic permeability is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What magnetic permeability is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of magnetic permeability are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is magnetic permeability operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of magnetic permeability and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of magnetic permeability?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as magnetic permeability?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a magnetic permeability came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a magnetic permeability and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a magnetic permeability is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a magnetic permeability, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a magnetic permeability, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a magnetic permeability is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }