{ "model": { "rank": 5932, "code": "thing-q28406836", "model_id": "vr.tr.video-assistant-referee", "name": "video assistant referee", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a video assistant referee's match appointment, assess their ability and authority to assist, and identify permissible next actions without assuming the referee's decision-making authority.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.PER", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q28406836/", "tier": 2, "score": 64, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 64, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q28406836", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28406836", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T10:13:04Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0119068, "turns": 1, "seconds": 132.3, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 96.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b57-79ff-79a1-875e-47f27dfeaabb\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: video assistant referee\nRegistry id: vr.tr.video-assistant-referee\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded in" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q28406836", "registryId": "vr.tr.video-assistant-referee", "name": "video assistant referee", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.PER" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q28406836/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.video-assistant-referee", "name": "video assistant referee", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a video assistant referee's match appointment, assess their ability and authority to assist, and identify permissible next actions without assuming the referee's decision-making authority.", "definition": "A video assistant referee is a specialist match official in association football who, from a video operation room and under the International Football Association Board (IFAB) protocol, uses live camera feeds to check the referee's decisions and may intervene only for a clear and obvious error or a serious missed incident involving a goal, a penalty, a direct red card, or mistaken identity.", "scope_statement": "This draft models vr.tr.video-assistant-referee as a person acting in the association-football VAR role, owning their appointment, operational readiness, incident assessments, recommendations and handovers; the role interpretation follows the [IFAB VAR protocol](https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/video-assistant-referee-var-protocol/), pending confirmation of registry intent.", "in_scope": [ "The official's appointment as VAR for a particular match and period of responsibility.", "Applicable protocol edition, competition options and limits on intervention.", "The official's access to replay evidence and ability to communicate with match officials.", "Incident checks, evidence assessments and recommendations attributable to the VAR.", "Work allocation, loss of capability, replacement and handover within the video officiating team." ], "out_of_scope": [ "The VAR technology system's hardware, software architecture and maintenance.", "The on-field referee's general match management and authoritative decisions.", "The full football match, including its event timeline and result.", "Standalone models of assistant VARs, replay operators and other match officials.", "The official's general biography, employment and unrelated appointments.", "Broadcast production, audience commentary and automated tracking system design." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The referent is an appointed human match official using video evidence, rather than equipment marketed as a VAR system.", "The appointment identifies the person as VAR, rather than assistant VAR or replay operator.", "The role includes independent access to match footage for officiating, distinguishing it from a commentator or television analyst.", "The official assists through protocol-bounded information and recommendations; the referee retains the final decision. See the [IFAB VAR protocol](https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/video-assistant-referee-var-protocol/).", "The person's authority is tied to a match appointment, distinguishing an active VAR from someone who merely holds relevant qualifications." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Match appointment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Person, match, appointing body, role and effective interval", "why_it_matters": "Establishes whose actions count as this VAR's actions." }, { "name": "Appointment standing", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Proposed, confirmed, active, replaced, completed, withdrawn or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Separates eligibility to serve from current responsibility." }, { "name": "Qualification evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Credential or approval record, issuing authority, applicability and validity interval", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of eligibility for appointment or replacement." }, { "name": "Governing protocol", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Law edition, competition rules, adopted options and applicable trial authorisations", "why_it_matters": "Prevents intervention rules from being assumed universal across seasons and competitions." }, { "name": "Operational capability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Ready, degraded, unavailable or unverified, with affected capability and observation time", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the official can perform the required checks and communicate findings." }, { "name": "Incident eligibility", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Applicable protocol category, outside remit or unresolved, with rule reference", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a visible incident from being treated as automatically reviewable." }, { "name": "Incident work state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Queued, checking, check complete, review recommended, assisting review, closed or interrupted", "why_it_matters": "Identifies the next required action without confusing a check with a referee-initiated review." }, { "name": "Evidence sufficiency", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Sufficient for stated proposition, inconclusive, contradictory or unavailable", "why_it_matters": "Separates what footage supports from the official's interpretation." }, { "name": "Communication acknowledgement", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not required, pending, acknowledged, failed or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a recommendation from being treated as received solely because it was sent." }, { "name": "Check and review timing", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Seconds, with separately identified start and end events", "why_it_matters": "Supports reconstruction of delays and workload without inventing a universal deadline." } ], "affordances": [ "Verify a recorded VAR appointment against qualification evidence and the applicable competition rules.", "Assess whether an incident falls within the assigned VAR's remit and whether intervention remains permissible.", "Assemble referenced replay observations and unresolved ambiguities for the authorised official's assessment.", "Track checks, recommendations, acknowledgements and the referee's resulting decision as distinct events.", "Identify degraded capability or unassigned live monitoring and propose an authorised handover or fallback.", "Reconstruct a VAR intervention for assessment using the evidence available at the time." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "ifab-var-protocol", "title": "Laws of the Game: Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol - The International Football Association Board", "url": "https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/video-assistant-referee-var-protocol/", "what_it_supports": "Definition of the official, the four reviewable categories, the clear-and-obvious / serious-missed-incident threshold, silent checks versus on-field review, and the VAR/AVAR roles", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "ifab-law-6", "title": "Laws of the Game, Law 6: The Other Match Officials - The International Football Association Board", "url": "https://www.theifab.com/laws/latest/the-other-match-officials/", "what_it_supports": "Places the video assistant referee among the match officials and states that the referee remains the decision-maker", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wikipedia-var", "title": "Video assistant referee - Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_assistant_referee", "what_it_supports": "Competition history (including the 2018 FIFA World Cup), typical camera and room setup, neighbouring review systems, and public controversies around delay and offside precision", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "var-appointment-and-remit", "name": "VAR appointment and remit", "description": "The person's authority to act as VAR in the particular match.", "rationale": "Recognition requires a specific officiating appointment, not merely a person associated with video review.", "layers": [ { "id": "appointed-role", "name": "Appointed role", "description": "Connects the person to a match-specific period of VAR responsibility.", "findings": [ { "id": "appointment-evidence", "name": "Appointment evidence", "description": "Record the appointment's origin, role designation and effective interval.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which appointment record identifies this person as the VAR for this match?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "appointment-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "When did this person assume and relinquish VAR responsibility, including any replacement?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "appointment-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "applicable-authority", "name": "Applicable authority", "description": "Establishes the rules and permissions governing this appointment.", "findings": [ { "id": "protocol-and-eligibility", "name": "Protocol and eligibility", "description": "Record the applicable rule edition, local options and evidence of eligibility to serve.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which law edition, competition options and authorised trials govern this match's VAR interventions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "protocol-and-eligibility-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes that this person is eligible to serve as VAR under those requirements?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "protocol-and-eligibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "incident-intervention-boundaries", "name": "Incident intervention boundaries", "description": "How a potential incident enters or falls outside the VAR's remit.", "rationale": "A model must distinguish an observable possible error from an incident on which this VAR may act.", "layers": [ { "id": "incident-classification", "name": "Incident classification", "description": "Relates the incident and original decision to a permitted intervention category.", "findings": [ { "id": "reviewability-basis", "name": "Reviewability basis", "description": "Record the proposed category, original decision and grounds for possible intervention.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which applicable review category covers this incident, or why is it outside the VAR's remit?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "reviewability-basis-q01" }, { "text": "What was the original on-field decision or missed incident, and what possible error is being assessed?", "kind": "definition", "id": "reviewability-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reviewable-play-window", "name": "Reviewable play window", "description": "Identifies the sequence of play and restart status relevant to intervention.", "findings": [ { "id": "temporal-permission", "name": "Temporal permission", "description": "Record the justified start and end of the examined sequence and any change in permission after a restart.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where does the relevant attacking phase or incident sequence begin and end, and what supports those boundaries?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "temporal-permission-q01" }, { "text": "Has play restarted, and which applicable rule permits or prevents further intervention now?", "kind": "action", "id": "temporal-permission-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "replay-evidence-assessment", "name": "Replay evidence assessment", "description": "What the VAR could inspect and what the inspected material supports.", "rationale": "Assessment must distinguish camera limitations, factual observations and interpretive judgement.", "layers": [ { "id": "available-and-inspected-footage", "name": "Available and inspected footage", "description": "Connects observations to the particular replay material available to the official.", "findings": [ { "id": "replay-observation-trace", "name": "Replay observation trace", "description": "Record inspected angles, sequences, playback conditions and missing views.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which camera feeds, clip intervals and playback speeds did the VAR actually inspect?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "replay-observation-trace-q01" }, { "text": "Which occlusions, missing frames, timing ambiguities or unavailable views limit the assessment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "replay-observation-trace-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-to-assessment", "name": "Evidence to assessment", "description": "Separates observable propositions from the judgement needed to apply the intervention threshold.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-propositions", "name": "Supported propositions", "description": "Record the factual and interpretive basis of the VAR's assessment, including unresolved alternatives.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which propositions concern observable position, identity or contact, and which require interpretation of the action?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-propositions-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports or fails to support the applicable intervention threshold, and what remains ambiguous?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-propositions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "check-review-and-referee-exchange", "name": "Check, review and referee exchange", "description": "The progression from checking an incident to assisting a referee's review.", "rationale": "The model must preserve the distinction between the VAR's assessment, their recommendation and the referee's decision.", "layers": [ { "id": "check-disposition", "name": "Check disposition", "description": "Records how a check is completed, escalated or interrupted.", "findings": [ { "id": "check-outcome", "name": "Check outcome", "description": "Record the check state and the reason for communicating, closing or continuing it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this incident still being checked, completed without a recommendation, recommended for review or interrupted?", "kind": "definition", "id": "check-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "What assessment justifies the next communication or closure, and is a restart-related message needed?", "kind": "action", "id": "check-outcome-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "referee-review-support", "name": "Referee review support", "description": "Records information exchanged and the resulting review pathway.", "findings": [ { "id": "recommendation-and-response", "name": "Recommendation and response", "description": "Keep the VAR's message, the referee's acknowledgement and the eventual decision separately attributable.", "questions": [ { "text": "What did the VAR communicate, when was it acknowledged, and did the referee initiate a review?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "recommendation-and-response-q01" }, { "text": "What replay assistance or additional information was requested, and what final decision did the referee communicate?", "kind": "action", "id": "recommendation-and-response-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "video-team-operational-continuity", "name": "Video team operational continuity", "description": "The VAR's ability to maintain incident coverage with the available team and equipment.", "rationale": "A valid appointment does not establish that replay access, communication and concurrent match monitoring remain functional.", "layers": [ { "id": "officiating-capability", "name": "Officiating capability", "description": "Assesses the capabilities the VAR needs at the present moment.", "findings": [ { "id": "replay-and-communication-readiness", "name": "Replay and communication readiness", "description": "Record verified replay access, communication status and the effect of any degradation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Can the VAR currently inspect the required feeds and exchange intelligible messages with the referee?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "replay-and-communication-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "Which checks are affected by a capability failure, and who must receive notice under the match procedure?", "kind": "action", "id": "replay-and-communication-readiness-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coverage-and-handover", "name": "Coverage and handover", "description": "Tracks responsibility for live monitoring and unfinished incident work.", "findings": [ { "id": "continuous-incident-ownership", "name": "Continuous incident ownership", "description": "Record team coverage during intensive replay work and any transfer of the VAR role.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is monitoring continuing play while the VAR concentrates on an earlier incident?", "kind": "action", "id": "continuous-incident-ownership-q01" }, { "text": "If the VAR cannot continue, what authorised replacement or fallback applies and which pending checks require handover?", "kind": "action", "id": "continuous-incident-ownership-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "intervention-accountability", "name": "Intervention accountability", "description": "An attributable record of VAR work suitable for subsequent assessment.", "rationale": "A changed decision alone cannot establish whether the VAR's evidence handling and intervention were appropriate.", "layers": [ { "id": "contemporaneous-record", "name": "Contemporaneous record", "description": "Preserves what was known and communicated at each stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessment-reconstruction", "name": "Assessment reconstruction", "description": "Connect the incident, inspected evidence, assessment and communication timeline without substituting later knowledge.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which records establish what evidence the VAR had when the recommendation was made?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assessment-reconstruction-q01" }, { "text": "What were the check, recommendation and review intervals, and how were their timestamps aligned?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "assessment-reconstruction-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "subsequent-assessment", "name": "Subsequent assessment", "description": "Keeps later evaluations distinct from match-time judgements.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessment-basis-and-disagreement", "name": "Assessment basis and disagreement", "description": "Record authorised evaluations, their criteria and unresolved disagreement about the VAR's conduct.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who assessed the intervention, using which criteria and which evidence unavailable or available during the match?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assessment-basis-and-disagreement-q01" }, { "text": "Does the assessment concern incident judgement, intervention eligibility, communication or evidence handling, and what remains disputed?", "kind": "definition", "id": "assessment-basis-and-disagreement-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Lead video assistant referee (VAR), the official who communicates a recommendation to the referee", "Assistant video assistant referee (AVAR), who supports the lead VAR on a defined slice of the match", "Dedicated offside AVAR, assigned only to offside judgements", "Replay operator, the technician who finds and plays the relevant angles for the VAR team", "Semi-automated offside technology (SAOT) assisted VAR, where limb-tracking and a virtual offside line feed the officials", "Limited-scope VAR, used only for a subset of incidents (typically goals and red cards) rather than the full four-category protocol", "Centralized remote VAR, with one video operation room serving many stadiums", "Stadium-based VAR, with the video team located at the match venue" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "conventional abbreviation", "value_or_pattern": "VAR", "note": "Used for both the official and, loosely, the whole review system" }, { "scheme": "IFAB Laws of the Game", "value_or_pattern": "Law 6 (The Other Match Officials) plus the separate Video Assistant Referee protocol", "note": "The protocol, not a numeric product code, is the governing designation" }, { "scheme": "role titles in the protocol", "value_or_pattern": "VAR | AVAR | AVAR (offside) | replay operator", "note": "Crew titles used in FIFA, UEFA and domestic competition appointments" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "IFAB Laws of the Game, Video Assistant Referee (VAR) protocol - International Football Association Board", "IFAB Laws of the Game, Law 6 (The Other Match Officials) - International Football Association Board", "FIFA implementation assistance and listing requirements for competitions using VAR - FIFA", "Competition-specific VAR protocols and referee-instruction documents - UEFA, and national bodies such as PGMOL (England) or DFB/DFL (Germany)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "A VAR crew watches the match on multiple feeds in a video operation room, performing a silent check of every goal, penalty situation, potential red card and identity issue", "If the check finds a likely clear error, the VAR recommends either a factual change (for example offside) or an on-field review: the referee walks to a pitch-side monitor in the referee review area and then makes the final decision", "Used in FIFA World Cups from 2018, UEFA club competitions, and most top domestic leagues (Premier League, La Liga, Serie A, Bundesliga, Ligue 1, MLS, and others)", "Lower-division, amateur and many women's or youth competitions often play without VAR even when the same association uses it at the top level" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Elapsed time of a typical VAR check or review", "typical_range": "about 15-90 for a factual silent check; about 60-180 when the referee goes to the monitor", "unit": "s" }, { "quantity": "VAR interventions that change a decision, per match", "typical_range": "0-2 in most top-league matches; 0 is common", "unit": "count per match" }, { "quantity": "Broadcast cameras available to the VAR team", "typical_range": "about 8-12 in many domestic leagues; around 30 or more at a FIFA World Cup", "unit": "cameras" }, { "quantity": "Offside margin once semi-automated offside technology is in use", "typical_range": "limb positions resolved at centimetre scale; decisions can turn on a few centimetres", "unit": "cm" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Inconsistent application of the 'clear and obvious error' test, so similar fouls or handballs are treated differently across matches and leagues", "Toenail or millimetre offsides that are factually correct under the letter of the law but widely seen as against the spirit of play", "Long reviews that freeze the match, drain atmosphere, and leave players and spectators unsure of the state of play", "Wrong clip, wrong player, or incomplete angle leading to a missed or incorrect intervention", "Subjective incidents (handball, penalty fouls, denial of an obvious goal-scoring opportunity) remaining contestable after review", "Communication breakdown between VAR, referee and fourth official, including leaked or poorly explained audio", "Erosion of trust in refereeing when the technology is visible but the reasoning is not" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "England (PGMOL/Premier League) long applied a high intervention bar and was slower to adopt semi-automated offside; practice has shifted toward more intervention and published audio", "Germany (Bundesliga) was an early adopter and runs a centralized video operation room (often referred to as the Cologne cellar) serving the league", "Italy (Serie A) has tended toward more frequent and more interventionist use than England", "Many associations still have no VAR below the top flight; some national cups and lower leagues remain off-system entirely", "Media in some countries say 'video referee' for VAR; that label is also used for different offices in other sports" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Goal-line technology", "difference": "GLT is an automated ball-over-line signal to the referee; it does not review fouls, penalties, red cards or identity, and it is not a match official" }, { "name": "Assistant referee (on-field)", "difference": "The assistant referee is on the touchline and flags offside and some fouls in real time; VAR reviews incidents after the fact from video and does not replace the flag in the first instance" }, { "name": "Fourth official", "difference": "The fourth official manages substitutions, added time display and the technical area; they do not review video of match-changing incidents" }, { "name": "Referee", "difference": "The referee remains the sole decision-maker on the field; the VAR may only recommend a review or a change, never take the decision themselves under IFAB protocol" }, { "name": "Television match official (TMO)", "difference": "TMO is the rugby (and similar) video official, with a different sport's laws, intervention windows and communication style; it is an analogue office, not the football VAR" }, { "name": "Hawk-Eye / player-challenge line calling", "difference": "Tennis-style challenge systems are typically automated line calls initiated by a player; VAR is official-initiated, human-judged, and limited to four football incident types" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of video assistant referee this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend the human official, the officiating role or the broader VAR service, and does an existing world model already own that intended concept?", "Which dated protocol editions and competition adoptions must be supported, particularly for second-caution decisions, optional corner-kick reviews and attacking-team offences before the ball enters play?", "Which authorities provide verifiable VAR qualification and appointment records, and how are suspensions or expired approvals represented?", "What competition-specific procedures govern degraded replay coverage, communication failure, replacement and incomplete-check handover?", "Which replay, audio and assessment records may an agent access or retain, and what evidence is sufficient when those records are unavailable?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 13, "findings": 20, "questions": 32 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "occupation or role", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a video assistant referee, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a video assistant referee's match appointment, assess their ability and authority to assist, and identify permissible next actions without assuming the referee's decision-making authority.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a video assistant referee, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by appearance, and guessing from dress or setting is how an agent gets this wrong. Recognised by qualification, licence or engagement." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one video assistant referee from another, and a video assistant referee from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a video assistant referee sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a video assistant referee from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a video assistant referee is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a video assistant referee is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a video assistant referee moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a video assistant referee passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a video assistant referee between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a video assistant referee, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a video assistant referee is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a video assistant referee.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a video assistant referee and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a video assistant referee, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a video assistant referee and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a video assistant referee sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "competence-and-licence", "name": "Competence, qualification and licence", "description": "What someone must be able to do, and be permitted to do, as video assistant referee.", "rationale": "The permission is jurisdictional and the competence is not, and conflating them is how an agent concludes someone may practise when they may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "competences", "name": "Competences and qualifications", "description": "Skills and credentials the role assumes.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualification-record", "name": "Qualifications and how they are evidenced", "description": "What counts as qualified, and what proves it.", "questions": [ { "id": "qualification-record-q01", "text": "What competences and qualifications does video assistant referee require, and how is each evidenced?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "qualification-record-q02", "text": "Which qualifications transfer between jurisdictions and which do not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "licensing", "name": "Licensing and the right to practise", "description": "Who grants permission, where it holds, and when it lapses.", "findings": [ { "id": "licence-record", "name": "Licence, issuer and validity", "description": "The permission, its issuer, its territory and its expiry.", "questions": [ { "id": "licence-record-q01", "text": "Who licenses video assistant referee, in which territory, and for how long?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "licence-record-q02", "text": "What may an unlicensed person not do, and what must an agent refuse to assume?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tasks-and-accountability", "name": "Tasks, employment and accountability", "description": "What video assistant referee actually does and who answers for it.", "rationale": "A role is filled by people under an arrangement, and the arrangement decides liability, supervision and who may instruct whom.", "layers": [ { "id": "tasks", "name": "Tasks and typical duties", "description": "The work itself, and how it differs by setting.", "findings": [ { "id": "duty-record", "name": "Duties and setting", "description": "What the role does and where the work varies.", "questions": [ { "id": "duty-record-q01", "text": "What tasks define video assistant referee, and how do they differ between settings or seniority?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "duty-record-q02", "text": "Which tasks may only be done by this role, and which are shared with neighbouring roles?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "accountability", "name": "Employment and accountability", "description": "The relation under which the work is done and where responsibility sits.", "findings": [ { "id": "responsibility", "name": "Responsibility and supervision", "description": "Who instructs, who supervises, who is liable.", "questions": [ { "id": "responsibility-q01", "text": "Under what arrangement does someone act as video assistant referee, and who supervises or is liable?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "responsibility-q02", "text": "When something goes wrong, what does the model need to have recorded to answer who was responsible?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a video assistant referee came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a video assistant referee and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a video assistant referee is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a video assistant referee, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a video assistant referee, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a video assistant referee is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 14, "findings": 16, "questions": 44 } } } }