enemy
Let an agent explain the concept of enemy across personal, political and legal senses, relay how psychology and political theory treat enmity from academic sources, describe historical labels neutrally, and distinguish enemy from opponent, rival, competitor and legal enemy status.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain the concept of enemy across personal, political and legal senses, relay how psychology and political theory treat enmity from academic sources, describe historical labels neutrally, and distinguish enemy from opponent, rival, competitor and legal enemy status.
A person, group or state regarded as hostile or opposed to another, in senses ranging from a personal adversary or archenemy through political and military enemies to the enemies of a state or regime, with related notions such as the frenemy who is both friend and rival, the paper tiger that appears threatening but is weak, and historical labels such as Reichsfeinde applied by Bismarck to opponents of the German Empire; the concept is studied in psychology, political theory and law, including the law of war on enemy combatants.
What it is for: Not applicable; a relational concept.
It can be explain the senses; relay academic treatments; describe historical labels neutrally; distinguish related terms.
Distinguishing features
Relational and perceived
Personal to political scale
Legal definitions in war
Rhetorical use
What it looks like
Not a visible object; a relation of hostility.
How it is recognised
Person or group regarded as hostile
Personal enemy, archenemy, frenemy, paper tiger, enemy of the state, Reichsfeinde
An opponent or rival need not be hostile; a competitor competes without enmity
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is a kind of - in registry terms, as a social relation
is theorised in - by Carl Schmitt
is contrasted with - who competes without hostility
In practice
Families and kinds
personal enemies and archenemies
frenemies as ambiguous relations
political enemies and enemies of the state or throne
military enemies and enemy combatants in law
rhetorical labels such as paper tiger and Reichsfeinde
fictional enemies and antagonists
Standards and regulation
Law of armed conflict on enemy combatants and prisoners of war
Trading with the enemy legislation
Hate speech and incitement laws
Failure modes and hazards
Dehumanising language
Endorsing enemy labels rather than attributing them
Confusing rivals and competitors with enemies
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.enemy-person
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What an enemy is.
Definition.
Definition
Definition and senses.
Definition
Definition.
- What is an enemy, and how do personal, political, military and legal senses differ? definition
- Is the question about a personal relation, a political label, a legal status or fiction? boundary
Related
Related terms.
Related
Related.
- What are archenemies, frenemies, paper tigers and enemies of the state? definition
- Which entry fits the specific term? action
Study Academic views.
Attribution.
Psychology
Psychology.
Psychology
Psychology.
- How do psychology and sociology explain enmity, in-group and out-group hostility? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Politics
Political theory.
Politics
Politics.
- How do political theorists from Schmitt to critics treat the friend-enemy distinction, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
Law Law.
Regulation.
War
Law of war.
War
War.
- How does the law of armed conflict define enemy forces and protect prisoners? provenance
- Which entry fits the law of armed conflict? action
Domestic
Domestic law.
Domestic
Domestic.
- What are trading with the enemy laws and enemy alien status? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Context History and culture.
Context.
History
Historical labels.
History
History.
- How have labels such as Reichsfeinde and enemy of the people been used, and with what consequences, as historians describe? provenance
- Which entry fits enemy of the people? action
Culture
Culture.
Culture
Culture.
- How are enemies and antagonists portrayed in literature and film? provenance
- Which entry fits antagonist? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should enemy combatant and frenemy be separate entries?
- How should academic sources be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming historical labels and slang; should they be split off?