peripartum cardiomyopathy
Enable an agent to recognise suspected peripartum cardiomyopathy, record diagnostic uncertainty and cardiac trajectory, and support clinician-led decisions across pregnancy, postpartum recovery and future pregnancies.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
6 bundles · 11 layers · 18 findings · 28 questions
Episode recognition and attribution Establish whether the episode fits peripartum cardiomyopathy and how confidently that attribution is supported.
Pregnancy-relative timeline
Anchor symptoms, investigations and diagnosis to the relevant pregnancy.
Onset and definition fit
Record actual onset separately from first presentation, and identify the diagnostic definition applied rather than imposing an undocumented time cutoff.
- When did symptoms and objective ventricular dysfunction first appear relative to delivery, miscarriage or termination? measurement
- Which published definition and temporal window did the diagnosing team apply? definition
Causal adjudication
Connect the diagnosis to prior cardiac status and the differential assessment.
Alternative cause assessment
Preserve supporting, conflicting and missing evidence for each credible alternative explanation.
- What pre-pregnancy history or imaging establishes whether cardiac dysfunction was already present? provenance
- Which alternatives were assessed, and does pre-eclampsia represent a coexisting condition or the principal explanation for this episode? boundary
Cardiac phenotype and urgency Represent objective dysfunction and the immediate clinical state.
Ventricular assessment
Capture the initial cardiac phenotype with interpretable measurements.
Baseline cardiac function
Retain LVEF, ventricular dimensions, right ventricular findings and relevant imaging observations with acquisition context.
- What are the earliest reliable LVEF, LV dimensions and RV function measurements? measurement
- Which imaging report, date and technical limitations support those values? provenance
Acute deterioration
Connect symptoms and observations to clinician-assessed urgency.
Congestion and perfusion
Distinguish symptom burden from documented pulmonary congestion, impaired oxygenation or circulatory compromise.
- What do blood pressure, oxygen saturation, examination and organ-perfusion observations show at this assessment? measurement
- Do current findings require emergency assessment, admission or transfer under the treating team's escalation protocol? action
Pregnancy-constrained care Record how reproductive phase and clinical severity shape treatment decisions.
Therapy context
Document phase-specific treatment selection and reassessment.
Medication and lactation review
For each proposed treatment, capture indication, pregnancy or breastfeeding review, monitoring and clinician responsibility.
- Which therapies require initiation, substitution or reassessment given the current gestational or lactation state? action
- If bromocriptine is considered, what evidence, lactation implications and associated anticoagulation plan underpin the specialist decision? action
Obstetric-cardiac coordination
Link cardiac status to delivery planning and transitions between care settings.
Shared care plan
Record the agreed responsibilities and contingencies of cardiology, obstetrics and anaesthesia.
- If pregnancy is ongoing, how does current cardiac status inform the documented timing, location and mode-of-delivery plan? action
- Who owns cardiac monitoring and treatment review during delivery, early postpartum care and discharge? provenance
Complications and escalation Track cardiac complications and the decisions they trigger.
Thrombotic assessment
Separate established thrombosis from preventive treatment considerations.
Thrombus and anticoagulation context
Connect imaging or event evidence to the stated anticoagulation indication and competing bleeding considerations.
- Is intracardiac thrombus or an embolic event documented, suspected or unassessed? measurement
- What indication, delivery-related bleeding considerations and review date support the anticoagulation decision? action
Electrical and circulatory rescue
Record arrhythmic events and advanced-support decisions in the context of potential recovery.
Specialist escalation decision
Preserve the evidence and reassessment plan behind rhythm protection, mechanical support or advanced heart-failure referral.
- What documented arrhythmias, syncope or persistent haemodynamic compromise prompted specialist review? provenance
- What temporary or durable intervention was selected, and when will its need be reassessed against cardiac recovery? action
Recovery and reproductive future Follow the episode beyond initial stabilisation and support future reproductive decisions.
Longitudinal recovery
Evaluate change using serial measurements and explicit recovery criteria.
Recovery evidence and treatment review
Track cardiac function and symptoms over time while preserving treatment exposure and follow-up gaps.
- Which dated findings satisfy the team's recovery definition, and are measurements comparable across visits? measurement
- What clinician-approved plan governs continued therapy, any withdrawal and surveillance for deterioration? action
Subsequent-pregnancy assessment
Connect reproductive preferences to current cardiac status and individualised counselling.
Preconception risk and preferences
Record current function, residual uncertainty and the patient's preferences; incomplete recovery is associated with greater risk in future pregnancies. [AHA patient guidance](https://www.heart.org/-/media/GRFW-Files/Know-Your-Risk/Maternal-Health/Peripartum_Cardiomyopathy.pdf)
- What current cardiac assessment and episode history support the specialist's subsequent-pregnancy risk discussion? provenance
- What reproductive preferences, contraception choices and preconception or pregnancy monitoring plan were agreed? action
Evidence and external alignment What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.
Reported evidence
Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.
Check these first
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these check these first hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Identifiers and schemes
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Standards and regulation
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Real-world use
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Typical measurements
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Failure modes and hazards
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Regional variation
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of peripartum cardiomyopathy this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Cross-cutting context
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- XCT
- Domain
- XCT.STA
What it is Filled
Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a cardiomyopathy presenting with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction, usually with an ejection fraction below 45%, towards the end of pregnancy or in the months following delivery, without another identifiable cause.
In scope
- Timing of cardiac symptoms and dysfunction relative to pregnancy and its end
- Evidence supporting peripartum cardiomyopathy and assessment of alternative causes
- Ventricular function, congestion, haemodynamic instability and cardiac complications
- Treatment decisions constrained by pregnancy, lactation and maternal condition
- Recovery, persistent dysfunction and subsequent-pregnancy assessment
Out of scope
- General pregnancy physiology and routine maternity care
- Independent models of pre-eclampsia, pulmonary embolism and coronary disease
- Pre-existing cardiomyopathy outside its relationship to the presenting episode
- Complete drug monographs and generic heart-failure treatment protocols
- Independent fetal, neonatal and inherited-variant models
Why it exists Filled
Enable an agent to recognise suspected peripartum cardiomyopathy, record diagnostic uncertainty and cardiac trajectory, and support clinician-led decisions across pregnancy, postpartum recovery and future pregnancies.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Require a compatible pregnancy-related timeline, heart-failure presentation and left ventricular ejection fraction below 45%, with no alternative explanatory cause; record the definition used. [2025 ESC guidance](https://www.escardio.org/static-file/Escardio/Guidelines/Products/Slide%20sets/2025/2025%20official%20slides_Pregnancy.pdf)
- Distinguish ordinary pregnancy-related breathlessness or swelling from cardiac failure using objective assessment rather than symptoms alone. [AHA assessment guidance](https://professional.heart.org/en/science-news/heart-failure-occurring-in-the-perinatal-period/top-things-to-know)
- Check prior cardiac records before distinguishing newly recognised peripartum disease from established cardiomyopathy presenting during pregnancy.
- Assess whether hypertensive disease, coronary injury, pulmonary embolism or another process explains the presentation; pregnancy association alone does not settle attribution.
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Dismiss breathlessness or swelling in late pregnancy or after birth as normal.
- Diagnose the condition or advise on medicines for a specific person.
- Advise on future pregnancies or breastfeeding for a specific person.
- Disclose a person's diagnosis without consent.
Only with a human decision
- Decisions on treatment, delivery timing or future pregnancies.
May
- Explain the condition in general terms from reputable medical sources.
- Urge a pregnant or recently delivered person with breathlessness, swelling or chest pain to seek care urgently.
Moral aspects Filled
- Symptoms are easily confused with normal pregnancy, and delay can be fatal.
- Mothers face choices about future pregnancies that are theirs to make.
Who is affected
- Pregnant and postpartum women
- Newborns and families
- Partners
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody owns the condition; patients and their clinicians answer for care.
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q18966975 - registry parent class
- Q55786154 - registry parent class
- Q7258523 - registry parent class
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.peripartum-cardiomyopathy
- Wikidata: Q2938089 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2938089)
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
- Pregnancy-relative onset: Gestational weeks at onset or days after pregnancy ended, with date uncertainty
- Diagnostic adjudication: Suspected | clinician-supported | disputed | alternative diagnosis established
- Left ventricular ejection fraction: %, with date, modality and measurement quality
- Ventricular dimensions and right ventricular function: LV dimensions in mm or indexed volumes in mL/m²; RV assessment with method
- Clinical stability: Stable | congested | hypoperfused | shock | unknown, with supporting observations
- Pregnancy and lactation phase: Pregnant with gestational age | postpartum lactating | postpartum not lactating | other documented state
- Cardiac complications: Dated evidence of arrhythmia, intracardiac thrombus, embolic event or mechanical support; absent or unassessed distinguished
- Familial or genetic cardiomyopathy context: Links to family history, genetic assessment and interpreted variant records
- Recovery trajectory: Improving | persistent dysfunction | documented functional recovery | deterioration after recovery | indeterminate
Plane XCT: no invented physical properties.
Recognition not applicable Not applicable
Not applicable
Peripartum cardiomyopathy has no distinctive visual appearance, and identification requires clinical assessment and cardiac investigations.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- Assemble a pregnancy-relative timeline and identify missing diagnostic evidence
- Flag documented instability for urgent clinician assessment
- Compare serial cardiac measurements and identify apparent recovery or deterioration
- Surface treatment decisions requiring pregnancy or lactation compatibility review
- Prepare multidisciplinary follow-up and subsequent-pregnancy counselling records
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Heart failure, dangerous heart rhythms and blood clots.
- Can recur in later pregnancies.
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), World Health Organization.
Context of use required Filled
- Peripartum cardiomyopathy is encountered in maternity, emergency and cardiology care when heart failure develops near the end of pregnancy or after delivery.
- The diagnosis informs clinician-led assessment, follow-up of cardiac recovery and discussions about subsequent pregnancies.
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q2938089: peripartum cardiomyopathy - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Peripartum cardiomyopathy - general description of the item
Open questions
- How should presentations outside traditional postpartum time windows be classified across competing definitions?
- How should genetic susceptibility or previously unrecognised dilated cardiomyopathy alter attribution without erasing a pregnancy-associated episode?
- Which patients benefit from bromocriptine, and how should uncertain benefit be weighed against lactation implications and anticoagulation requirements?
- What combination of functional, imaging and biomarker evidence establishes durable recovery and supports safe treatment reduction?
- How accurately can subsequent-pregnancy deterioration be predicted after apparent recovery, and how transferable are available estimates across populations and care settings?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q2938089/spec.json