{ "model": { "rank": 6694, "code": "thing-q309100", "model_id": "vr.tr.planning", "name": "planning", "purpose": "Let an agent support planning at any level: structure goals and tasks, choose planning methods, produce and review plans, and point to domain-specific planning practices and regulations.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q309100/", "tier": 2, "score": 59, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "transportation planning", "policy making", "development planning", "museum planning", "language planning", "habit tracking", "scheduling", "resource allocation", "nationalization of a foreign language in Japan", "Rostering", "flexible scheduling", "interval scheduling", "rescheduling", "water allocation", "plant resource allocation", "animal resource allocation", "Capital allocation", "data striping", "overprovisioning", "resource allocation in computing", "family planning policy of People's Republic of China", "Family policy in Japan", "three-child policy", "Attack tree", "town and country planning", "campaign planning", "route planning", "long-term planning", "infrastructure planning studies", "succession planning", "corporate planning", "railway operation plan", "documentation planning", "industrial planning", "library planning", "manpower planning", "Integrated resource planning", "cultural planning", "science planning", "tourism planning" ], "aliasCount": 133, "merged": 134, "knownIn": 59, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.planning", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q309100", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309100", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T15:59:27Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q309100", "registryId": "vr.tr.planning", "name": "planning", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q309100/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.planning", "name": "planning", "purpose": "Let an agent support planning at any level: structure goals and tasks, choose planning methods, produce and review plans, and point to domain-specific planning practices and regulations.", "definition": "The process of thinking about and organising the activities needed to achieve a goal, producing plans that set objectives, sequence tasks, allocate resources and anticipate risks; planning occurs at personal, organisational and societal levels, including project, financial, transport, urban and development planning and policy making.", "what_it_is_for": "Achieving goals through organised action.", "affordances": [ "structure a goal into a plan", "choose a planning method", "identify risks and contingencies", "point to domain planning practices" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Goal-directed", "Anticipatory", "Multi-level", "Domain-specific methods" ], "appearance": "Not physical; plans, schedules, maps and documents.", "visual_identification": [ "Objectives, tasks and timelines", "Resource and risk sections", "A forecast predicts; a plan decides" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "personal planning and habit tracking", "project and business planning", "financial planning", "urban, transport and development planning", "policy planning" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "activity", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "creation", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "mathematical model", "why": "planning models" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "direct-cost", "why": "budgeting" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Project management standards such as ISO 21500", "Planning law for land use", "Public policy planning frameworks" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Over-optimistic plans", "Ignoring uncertainty", "Plans not followed or updated" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "structure", "name": "Structure", "description": "Building a plan.", "rationale": "From goal to tasks.", "layers": [ { "id": "goal", "name": "Goal", "description": "Defining the goal.", "findings": [ { "id": "goal-finding", "name": "Goal", "description": "Goal.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the goal, and how will success be measured?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What constraints apply?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "tasks", "name": "Tasks", "description": "Breaking down.", "findings": [ { "id": "tasks-finding", "name": "Tasks", "description": "Tasks.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which tasks, in what order, achieve the goal?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What resources and time does each need?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method", "description": "Approaches.", "rationale": "Methods fit contexts.", "layers": [ { "id": "choose", "name": "Choose", "description": "Choosing a method.", "findings": [ { "id": "choose-finding", "name": "Choose", "description": "Method choice.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which planning approach suits this situation, from simple checklists to formal project methods?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Is an agile or adaptive approach better?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "tools", "name": "Tools", "description": "Planning tools.", "findings": [ { "id": "tools-finding", "name": "Tools", "description": "Tools.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which tools help, such as Gantt charts, kanban boards or habit trackers?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "How is progress tracked?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "risk", "name": "Risk", "description": "Uncertainty.", "rationale": "Plan for change.", "layers": [ { "id": "risks", "name": "Risks", "description": "Identifying risks.", "findings": [ { "id": "risks-finding", "name": "Risks", "description": "Risks.", "questions": [ { "text": "What could go wrong, and what contingencies are needed?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "How is the planning fallacy avoided?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "review", "name": "Review", "description": "Updating plans.", "findings": [ { "id": "review-finding", "name": "Review", "description": "Review.", "questions": [ { "text": "When and how should the plan be reviewed?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What triggers replanning?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "domains", "name": "Domains", "description": "Specialised planning.", "rationale": "Domains have rules.", "layers": [ { "id": "public", "name": "Public", "description": "Urban and policy planning.", "findings": [ { "id": "public-finding", "name": "Public", "description": "Public planning.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which laws and consultation rules govern urban, transport or development planning here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How can the public participate?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "personal", "name": "Personal", "description": "Personal and financial.", "findings": [ { "id": "personal-finding", "name": "Personal", "description": "Personal planning.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can personal or financial planning be structured, in general terms?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Is regulated financial advice needed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each planning domain be a separate entry?", "How should planning standards be linked?", "How should planning law be localised?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a planning, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent support planning at any level: structure goals and tasks, choose planning methods, produce and review plans, and point to domain-specific planning practices and regulations.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: transportation planning, policy making, development planning, museum planning, language planning, habit tracking, scheduling, resource allocation, nationalization of a foreign language in Japan, Rostering, flexible scheduling, interval scheduling.", "134 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a planning, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "transportation planning", "policy making", "development planning", "museum planning", "language planning", "habit tracking", "scheduling", "resource allocation", "nationalization of a foreign language in Japan", "Rostering", "flexible scheduling", "interval scheduling" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 59 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 134 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one planning from another, and a planning from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a planning sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a planning from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a planning passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a planning between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a planning, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a planning is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a planning proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a planning, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a planning and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a planning consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a planning takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What planning is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of planning are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is planning operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of planning and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of planning?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as planning?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a planning came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a planning and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a planning is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a planning, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a planning, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a planning is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }