{
    "model": {
        "rank": 497,
        "code": "thing-q3196",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.fire",
        "name": "fire",
        "purpose": "Let an agent treat fire as a process with a fuel, a growth curve and a set of interventions, so it can act on prevention, detection and response rather than only on the event.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Activities and processes",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "ACT",
        "domain": "ACT.EVT",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q3196/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 256,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "sparkler",
                "arson",
                "arson attack",
                "arson with intent to murder in Norway",
                "Brandstiftung",
                "Arson and misfire",
                "church arson",
                "attempted arson",
                "firefighter arson",
                "arson of a house of worship",
                "Swedish torch",
                "controlled burn",
                "heather burning",
                "spontaneous combustion",
                "library fire",
                "incipient stage fire",
                "pool fire",
                "sacred fire",
                "experimental fire",
                "grassland fire",
                "charcoal fire",
                "wood fire",
                "boilover",
                "Need-fire",
                "Atar",
                "eternal flame",
                "Zoroastrian sacred fires"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 27,
            "merged": 28,
            "knownIn": 256,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.fire-substance",
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q3196",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-10T20:09:57Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Claude"
                ],
                "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
                "pass": 2,
                "wave": 1,
                "engine": "claude"
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q3196",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.fire",
                "name": "fire",
                "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "ACT.EVT"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3196/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.fire",
                "name": "fire",
                "purpose": "Let an agent treat fire as a process with a fuel, a growth curve and a set of interventions, so it can act on prevention, detection and response rather than only on the event.",
                "definition": "The rapid oxidation of a fuel that releases heat and light, sustained as long as fuel, oxygen and heat remain together.",
                "what_it_is_for": "In controlled form: heat, cooking, power, disposal, land management. Uncontrolled, it is the hazard everything about buildings is designed around.",
                "affordances": [
                    "start it, deliberately or by accident",
                    "contain it, which is what compartments and doors are for",
                    "extinguish it, by removing fuel, oxygen or heat - and the right one depends on the fuel",
                    "detect it, which is the difference between a small fire and a total loss",
                    "escape from it, which is what the whole means of escape apparatus exists for"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "A process rather than a thing, so it has a start, a growth curve and an end rather than properties",
                    "Classified by fuel, and the classification decides which extinguishing agent is safe",
                    "The fire, the smoke and the heat cause different harms and travel at different speeds",
                    "Controlled and uncontrolled fire are the same process under different management"
                ],
                "appearance": "Flame, smoke and glow, in colours and forms that indicate the fuel and the stage; smoke is usually seen first and is what kills.",
                "visual_identification": [
                    "Smoke colour and behaviour indicate fuel and stage better than flame does",
                    "Flame colour indicates temperature and fuel roughly and unreliably",
                    "Absence of visible flame does not mean absence of fire: smouldering can persist for hours inside a structure",
                    "Heat, not flame, is what a thermal detector sees and what makes a door unsafe to open"
                ],
                "physical_properties": [
                    {
                        "quantity": "flame temperature",
                        "typical_range": "600-1200",
                        "unit": "C",
                        "note": "depends on fuel and oxygen supply"
                    },
                    {
                        "quantity": "time to flashover",
                        "typical_range": "3-10",
                        "unit": "minutes",
                        "note": "in a furnished room, and much faster than most people expect"
                    },
                    {
                        "quantity": "tenable visibility",
                        "typical_range": "5-10",
                        "unit": "m",
                        "note": "the threshold below which escape becomes unlikely"
                    },
                    {
                        "quantity": "fire resistance of construction",
                        "typical_range": "30-120",
                        "unit": "minutes",
                        "note": "what a compartment is rated to hold, tested in a furnace rather than in a fire"
                    }
                ],
                "families_and_kinds": [
                    "by fuel class: solids, flammable liquids, gases, metals, cooking oils, electrical",
                    "by setting: structure, vehicle, wildland, industrial",
                    "by stage: ignition, growth, flashover, fully developed, decay"
                ],
                "related_models": [
                    {
                        "relation": "consumes",
                        "target": "fuel",
                        "why": "the fuel decides everything about how it behaves and how it is fought"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "produces",
                        "target": "smoke",
                        "why": "smoke causes most fire deaths and moves far ahead of flame"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "is contained by",
                        "target": "building compartment",
                        "why": "the fundamental fire safety strategy in buildings"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "is detected by",
                        "target": "fire detection system",
                        "why": "detection time dominates outcomes"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "regulated by",
                        "target": "fire safety regime",
                        "why": "prevention, means of escape and equipment are all mandated"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [
                    {
                        "scheme": "fire class",
                        "value_or_pattern": "A, B, C, D, F or K by region",
                        "note": "names the fuel class and so the correct agent"
                    },
                    {
                        "scheme": "incident reference",
                        "value_or_pattern": "service-specific",
                        "note": "identifies a particular fire as an event"
                    }
                ],
                "standards_and_regulation": [
                    "Building fire safety codes, which set compartmentation, escape and detection requirements",
                    "Extinguisher classification and siting standards, which match agent to fuel class",
                    "Fire risk assessment duties, which oblige a responsible person to assess and act",
                    "Wildland fire management rules, where the same process is managed rather than prevented"
                ],
                "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
                    "Smoke inhalation, which causes most deaths and happens before flame arrives",
                    "Flashover, after which a room is not survivable and escape is over",
                    "Wrong extinguishing agent, which can spread a fire rather than stop it",
                    "Blocked or locked escape routes, the failure that turns a survivable fire into a fatal one",
                    "Re-ignition from smouldering material after apparent extinction"
                ],
                "in_scope": [],
                "out_of_scope": [],
                "characteristics": []
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "fuel-and-behaviour",
                        "name": "Fuel and behaviour",
                        "description": "What is burning and what that means.",
                        "rationale": "Fuel decides growth rate, temperature, smoke and the correct response, so it is the first thing a model must pin down.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "fuel-class",
                                "name": "Fuel and class",
                                "description": "What is burning and which class it falls in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "fuel-class-finding",
                                        "name": "Fuel classification",
                                        "description": "The fuel present and the class that follows.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What fuel is involved, and which fire class does it fall in?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which extinguishing agents are safe for it, and which would make it worse?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "growth",
                                "name": "Growth and stage",
                                "description": "How fast it develops and where it is now.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "growth-finding",
                                        "name": "Stage and trajectory",
                                        "description": "The current stage and how quickly the next arrives.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What stage has this fire reached, and how long until the next?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "After which point does intervention stop being possible?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "detection-and-warning",
                        "name": "Detection and warning",
                        "description": "How it is noticed and who is told.",
                        "rationale": "The interval between ignition and warning determines the outcome more than any other single factor.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "detection",
                                "name": "Detection",
                                "description": "What detects it and how quickly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "detection-finding",
                                        "name": "Detection means and delay",
                                        "description": "The systems present and the time they take.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What detection is in place here, and what delay does it introduce?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What was the last test of that system, and what did it show?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "alarm",
                                "name": "Alarm and notification",
                                "description": "Who is told, how, and what they do.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "alarm-finding",
                                        "name": "Warning and response",
                                        "description": "The people warned and the action expected of them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who is warned when this fire is detected, and by what means?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What action is expected of each of them, and who verifies it happened?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "containment-and-escape",
                        "name": "Containment and escape",
                        "description": "Holding it back and getting people out.",
                        "rationale": "Buildings do not stop fires; they buy time, and the model has to say how much and for whom.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "containment",
                                "name": "Containment",
                                "description": "Compartments, doors and rated construction.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "containment-finding",
                                        "name": "Compartmentation in place",
                                        "description": "What is meant to hold, for how long.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What compartmentation applies here, rated for how long?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What breaches it in practice - propped doors, service penetrations - and how is that checked?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "escape",
                                "name": "Means of escape",
                                "description": "Routes, capacity and time available.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "escape-finding",
                                        "name": "Escape provision",
                                        "description": "Whether people can get out in the time the building buys.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What escape routes serve this place, and what is the travel distance?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who cannot use them unaided, and what provision is made for them?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "prevention-and-duty",
                        "name": "Prevention and duty",
                        "description": "Stopping it starting and who is answerable.",
                        "rationale": "Fire safety is a continuing duty on a named person, and almost every serious fire traces back to a lapse in that duty rather than to bad luck.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "ignition-sources",
                                "name": "Ignition sources and controls",
                                "description": "What could start it and what prevents that.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "ignition-sources-finding",
                                        "name": "Sources and controls",
                                        "description": "The plausible sources here and the controls in place.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What ignition sources are present, and what controls each?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which control has failed or is missing, and what follows from that?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "responsible-person",
                                "name": "Responsible person and assessment",
                                "description": "Who must assess and act.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "responsible-person-finding",
                                        "name": "Duty holder and assessment",
                                        "description": "Who is answerable and when they last assessed.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who holds the fire safety duty here, and when was the assessment last reviewed?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What must be done when the assessment is out of date or its actions are outstanding?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Should the registry model fire the process, the incident and the risk separately, since duties attach to the risk and records to the incident?",
                "How should fuel class be represented when a real fire involves several classes at once?",
                "What is the right way to represent time in this model, given that every important fact about a fire is a function of minutes elapsed?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 4,
                "layers": 8,
                "findings": 8,
                "questions": 16
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "event or period",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a fire, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Let an agent treat fire as a process with a fuel, a growth curve and a set of interventions, so it can act on prevention, detection and response rather than only on the event.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "activity",
                "origin": "conceptual",
                "agency": "inert"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: sparkler, arson, arson attack, arson with intent to murder in Norway, Brandstiftung, Arson and misfire, church arson, attempted arson, firefighter arson, arson of a house of worship, Swedish torch, controlled burn.",
                "28 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 256 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a fire, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Not a thing to see. Recognised by when it happened and who was involved, on the account of somebody."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "sparkler",
                        "arson",
                        "arson attack",
                        "arson with intent to murder in Norway",
                        "Brandstiftung",
                        "Arson and misfire",
                        "church arson",
                        "attempted arson",
                        "firefighter arson",
                        "arson of a house of worship",
                        "Swedish torch",
                        "controlled burn"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 256 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 28 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one fire from another, and a fire from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a fire sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a fire from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a fire passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a fire between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a fire, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a fire is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "process-and-outcome",
                        "name": "Process, inputs and outcome",
                        "description": "How a fire proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.",
                        "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "steps-and-sequence",
                                "name": "Steps and sequence",
                                "description": "The steps of a fire, their order and what may run in parallel.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "steps-and-preconditions",
                                        "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion",
                                        "description": "What has to be true before each step of a fire and what marks it done.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "inputs-and-results",
                                "name": "Inputs, resources and results",
                                "description": "What a fire consumes and what it produces.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "inputs-and-outputs",
                                        "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects",
                                        "description": "The resources a fire takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "extent-and-dating",
                        "name": "Temporal extent and dating",
                        "description": "When fire began and ended, and who says so.",
                        "rationale": "Dates for events are conventions held by historiographies that disagree, and a single confident date hides the disagreement.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "dating",
                                "name": "Dating and calendar",
                                "description": "Start, end, granularity and the calendar used.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "date-record",
                                        "name": "Dates, granularity and authority",
                                        "description": "What is dated, how precisely, and on whose account.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "date-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What start and end are conventionally given for fire, at what granularity, in which calendar?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "date-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which accounts date it differently, and on what grounds?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "membership-of-the-event",
                                "name": "What counts as part of it",
                                "description": "Sub-events included or excluded, and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "inclusion",
                                        "name": "Inclusion and exclusion",
                                        "description": "The episodes treated as inside the event and those left out.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "inclusion-q01",
                                                "text": "Which episodes are counted as part of fire, and which are treated as separate?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "inclusion-q02",
                                                "text": "Whose framing is being followed in that inclusion, and who frames it otherwise?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "participants-and-consequence",
                        "name": "Participants, causes and consequences",
                        "description": "Who took part in fire and what is claimed to follow from it.",
                        "rationale": "Causation around events is asserted rather than observed, so each claim needs the party asserting it.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "participants",
                                "name": "Participants and roles",
                                "description": "Parties involved and what each did.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "participant-record",
                                        "name": "Parties and their roles",
                                        "description": "Who is recorded as involved and in what capacity.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "participant-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Which parties took part in fire, in what roles, and on whose account?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "participant-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Where do accounts disagree about who was involved?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "consequences",
                                "name": "Causes and consequences",
                                "description": "What is claimed to have caused it and followed from it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "causal-claims",
                                        "name": "Causal claims and who makes them",
                                        "description": "Antecedents and outcomes as attributed claims.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "causal-claims-q01",
                                                "text": "What causes and consequences are attributed to fire, and by whom?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "causal-claims-q02",
                                                "text": "What would an agent need before treating such a claim as settled rather than contested?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a fire came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a fire and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a fire is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a fire, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a fire, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a fire is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 6,
                "layers": 12,
                "findings": 14,
                "questions": 38
            }
        }
    }
}