{ "model": { "rank": 1546, "code": "thing-q32043", "model_id": "vr.tr.addition", "name": "addition", "purpose": "Let an agent handle addition by domain, properties and methods, from arithmetic to algebraic structures.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QTY", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q32043/", "tier": 2, "score": 139, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "vector addition", "addition of complex numbers", "matrix addition" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 139, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.addition-location", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q32043", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32043", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T07:21:51Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q32043", "registryId": "vr.tr.addition", "name": "addition", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QTY" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q32043/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.addition", "name": "addition", "purpose": "Let an agent handle addition by domain, properties and methods, from arithmetic to algebraic structures.", "definition": "The basic arithmetic operation of combining quantities to give their sum, written a + b; it extends to vectors, matrices, complex numbers and other structures with defined addition.", "what_it_is_for": "Combining quantities in everyday life, science and computing.", "affordances": [ "add numbers", "add vectors and matrices", "teach addition strategies", "check sums and carries" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Binary operation giving a sum", "Commutative and associative for numbers", "Identity element zero", "Defined differently in different structures" ], "appearance": "The plus sign and sums.", "visual_identification": [ "Plus sign", "Sums, totals and carries", "Vector addition by components" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "addition of natural numbers", "addition of integers and reals", "complex addition", "vector and matrix addition", "modular addition" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "binary operation", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "has inverse", "target": "subtraction", "why": "operation" }, { "relation": "is repeated in", "target": "multiplication", "why": "operation" }, { "relation": "is studied in", "target": "arithmetic and algebra", "why": "fields" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO 80000-2 notation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Floating-point rounding errors", "Adding quantities with different units", "Overflow in computing" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "domain", "name": "Domain", "description": "What is added.", "rationale": "Domain decides rules.", "layers": [ { "id": "objects", "name": "Objects", "description": "Numbers, vectors.", "findings": [ { "id": "objects-finding", "name": "Objects", "description": "Domain.", "questions": [ { "text": "What kind of objects are being added?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How is addition defined for them?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "units", "name": "Units", "description": "Compatible quantities.", "findings": [ { "id": "units-finding", "name": "Units", "description": "Units.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are the quantities in the same units?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How are they converted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties", "name": "Properties", "description": "Laws.", "rationale": "Properties enable reasoning.", "layers": [ { "id": "laws", "name": "Laws", "description": "Commutative, associative.", "findings": [ { "id": "laws-finding", "name": "Laws", "description": "Algebraic laws.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is addition commutative and associative here?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What is the identity element?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "inverse", "name": "Inverse", "description": "Subtraction.", "findings": [ { "id": "inverse-finding", "name": "Inverse", "description": "Inverses.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does every element have an additive inverse?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "In which structure?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "computing", "name": "Computing", "description": "Machine addition.", "rationale": "Computers add with limits.", "layers": [ { "id": "precision", "name": "Precision", "description": "Floating point.", "findings": [ { "id": "precision-finding", "name": "Precision", "description": "Precision.", "questions": [ { "text": "Could floating-point rounding affect the sum?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Is exact arithmetic needed?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "overflow", "name": "Overflow", "description": "Limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "overflow-finding", "name": "Overflow", "description": "Overflow.", "questions": [ { "text": "Could the sum overflow the data type?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How is it handled?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "learning", "name": "Learning", "description": "Teaching.", "rationale": "Addition is foundational.", "layers": [ { "id": "strategies", "name": "Strategies", "description": "Methods.", "findings": [ { "id": "strategies-finding", "name": "Strategies", "description": "Strategies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which strategies help learners add?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "How is carrying taught?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "checking", "name": "Checking", "description": "Errors.", "findings": [ { "id": "checking-finding", "name": "Checking", "description": "Checking sums.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can a sum be checked?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What errors are common?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should addition in structures be separate entries?", "How should teaching strategies be linked?", "How should floating-point issues be recorded?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "unit, quantity or measure", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a addition, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle addition by domain, properties and methods, from arithmetic to algebraic structures.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: vector addition, addition of complex numbers, matrix addition.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 139 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a addition, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see: a unit is a convention. What is seen is an instrument reading in it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "vector addition", "addition of complex numbers", "matrix addition" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 139 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one addition from another, and a addition from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a addition sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a addition from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a addition passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a addition between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a addition, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a addition is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definition-and-realisation", "name": "Definition, dimension and realisation", "description": "What addition is defined as and how it is realised in practice.", "rationale": "A unit is not the quantity it measures, and its definition has a history that older data still depends on.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition and dimension", "description": "The defining relation and the quantity it measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-record", "name": "Definition, body and date", "description": "What defines it now, and what defined it before.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-record-q01", "text": "How is addition defined, by which body, and since when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-record-q02", "text": "What was the previous definition, and what data still depends on it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "conversion", "name": "Conversion and compatibility", "description": "Relations to other units, exact or approximate.", "findings": [ { "id": "conversion-record", "name": "Conversions and their exactness", "description": "Factors, and whether each is exact by definition.", "questions": [ { "id": "conversion-record-q01", "text": "What conversions relate addition to other units, and which are exact by definition?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "conversion-record-q02", "text": "Where does rounding a conversion change a decision, and how should that be recorded?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a addition came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a addition and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a addition is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a addition, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a addition, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a addition is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 10, "questions": 28 } } } }