{ "model": { "rank": 8580, "code": "thing-q3250736", "model_id": "vr.tr.coordinate", "name": "coordinate", "purpose": "Let an agent explain coordinates, relay coordinate systems and uses from mathematics, physics and geodesy sources, describe the named coordinates and quantities, and distinguish coordinates from coordinate systems, vectors, datums and map projections.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q3250736/", "tier": 2, "score": 50, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "geographic coordinate", "generalized coordinate", "absolute coordinate", "parallactic angle", "pseudorapidity", "imaginary time", "Aggarwal AG Zurich branch", "label node", "address point coordinate", "action-angle coordinates" ], "aliasCount": 10, "merged": 10, "knownIn": 50, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.coordinate", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q3250736", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3250736", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T19:38:08Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q3250736", "registryId": "vr.tr.coordinate", "name": "coordinate", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3250736/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.coordinate", "name": "coordinate", "purpose": "Let an agent explain coordinates, relay coordinate systems and uses from mathematics, physics and geodesy sources, describe the named coordinates and quantities, and distinguish coordinates from coordinate systems, vectors, datums and map projections.", "definition": "A number, or one of an ordered set of numbers, that specifies the position of a point or the state of a system relative to a reference frame, as in Cartesian coordinates introduced by Descartes, geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude, absolute coordinates measured from a fixed origin, generalized coordinates in Lagrangian mechanics, astronomical quantities such as the parallactic angle, pseudorapidity as an angular coordinate in particle physics and imaginary time obtained by Wick rotation; several of these are specific coordinates or related quantities rather than synonyms.", "what_it_is_for": "Specifying positions and states.", "affordances": [ "explain the concept", "relay coordinate systems", "describe named coordinates", "distinguish related concepts" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Relative to a frame", "Ordered numbers", "Many systems", "Used across sciences" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; numbers such as (x, y) or latitude and longitude.", "visual_identification": [ "Number locating a point or state", "Geographic coordinate, generalized coordinate, absolute coordinate, parallactic angle, pseudorapidity, imaginary time", "Coordinate systems are the frameworks; vectors have direction and magnitude; datums define reference surfaces; projections map spheres to planes" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "Cartesian coordinates", "typical_range": "1637", "unit": "year", "note": "Descartes La Geometrie" }, { "quantity": "pseudorapidity", "typical_range": "-ln tan(theta/2)", "unit": "formula", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "WGS 84", "typical_range": "global GPS datum", "unit": "note", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "Cartesian coordinates", "polar, cylindrical and spherical coordinates", "geographic coordinates", "generalized coordinates", "astronomical coordinates", "collider coordinates such as pseudorapidity" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "number", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is defined within", "target": "coordinate system", "why": "" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "geographic coordinate system", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "vector", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO 6709 for geographic point locations", "Geodetic datums such as WGS 84" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Mixing datums or latitude-longitude order", "Confusing coordinates and coordinate systems", "Treating related quantities as synonyms" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What a coordinate is.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a coordinate, and how does it differ from coordinate systems, vectors, datums and projections?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about maths, geography, physics or astronomy?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "named", "name": "Named", "description": "Named coordinates.", "findings": [ { "id": "named-finding", "name": "Named", "description": "Named.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are geographic, generalized and absolute coordinates, the parallactic angle, pseudorapidity and imaginary time?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific quantity?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mathematics", "name": "Mathematics", "description": "Mathematics.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "systems", "name": "Systems", "description": "Coordinate systems.", "findings": [ { "id": "systems-finding", "name": "Systems", "description": "Systems.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do Cartesian, polar and spherical coordinates work?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "transforms", "name": "Transforms", "description": "Changes of coordinates.", "findings": [ { "id": "transforms-finding", "name": "Transforms", "description": "Transforms.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are coordinates transformed between systems?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "applications", "name": "Applications", "description": "Applications.", "rationale": "Application.", "layers": [ { "id": "geodesy", "name": "Geodesy", "description": "Geographic coordinates.", "findings": [ { "id": "geodesy-finding", "name": "Geodesy", "description": "Geodesy.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do latitude, longitude and datums work in GPS?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits World Geodetic System?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "physics", "name": "Physics", "description": "Physics.", "findings": [ { "id": "physics-finding", "name": "Physics", "description": "Physics.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are generalized coordinates, pseudorapidity and imaginary time used in physics?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Lagrangian mechanics?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did Descartes and Fermat develop coordinate geometry?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits analytic geometry?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "astronomy", "name": "Astronomy", "description": "Astronomy.", "findings": [ { "id": "astronomy-finding", "name": "Astronomy", "description": "Astronomy.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are celestial coordinates and the parallactic angle used?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits celestial coordinate system?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should pseudorapidity and parallactic angle be separate entries?", "How should mathematics and geodesy sources be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific quantities; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a coordinate, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain coordinates, relay coordinate systems and uses from mathematics, physics and geodesy sources, describe the named coordinates and quantities, and distinguish coordinates from coordinate systems, vectors, datums and map projections.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: geographic coordinate, generalized coordinate, absolute coordinate, parallactic angle, pseudorapidity, imaginary time, Aggarwal AG Zurich branch, label node, address point coordinate, action-angle coordinates.", "10 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 50 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a coordinate, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "geographic coordinate", "generalized coordinate", "absolute coordinate", "parallactic angle", "pseudorapidity", "imaginary time", "Aggarwal AG Zurich branch", "label node", "address point coordinate", "action-angle coordinates" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 50 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 10 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one coordinate from another, and a coordinate from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a coordinate sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a coordinate from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a coordinate passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a coordinate between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a coordinate, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a coordinate is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What coordinate is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of coordinate are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is coordinate operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of coordinate and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of coordinate?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as coordinate?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a coordinate came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a coordinate and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a coordinate is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a coordinate, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a coordinate, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a coordinate is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }