{ "model": { "rank": 12989, "code": "thing-q325668", "model_id": "vr.tr.designation-of-origin", "name": "designation of origin", "purpose": "Let an agent explain designations of origin and related geographical indications, relay legal frameworks in the EU and internationally, describe national systems and categories, and distinguish designations of origin from protected geographical indications, trademarks and generic names.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q325668/", "tier": 2, "score": 38, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "pago wines", "Vino de Calidad", "controlled designation of origin", "Protected designation of origin", "Indicação de Proveniência Regulamentada", "Appellation d'origine protégée", "Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions", "Traditional speciality guaranteed", "protected geographical indication", "Australian Geographical Indication", "geographical indications in India", "Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita", "Denominación de Origen", "Olive oil from Aix-en-Provence", "Denominación de Origen Calificada", "Vino de calidad preferente", "Indicazione geografica tipica", "Vino de la Tierra", "Sierras de Málaga", "León (DO)", "Bajo Aragón PGI", "Castelló", "Cádiz", "Extremadura", "Murcia (Vino de la Tierra)", "Illes Balears", "Islas Canarias" ], "aliasCount": 27, "merged": 28, "knownIn": 38, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q325668", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q325668", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T01:37:50Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q325668", "registryId": "vr.tr.designation-of-origin", "name": "designation of origin", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q325668/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.designation-of-origin", "name": "designation of origin", "purpose": "Let an agent explain designations of origin and related geographical indications, relay legal frameworks in the EU and internationally, describe national systems and categories, and distinguish designations of origin from protected geographical indications, trademarks and generic names.", "definition": "A legal designation certifying that a product, especially wine, cheese, oil or other food, originates from a specific region and owes its qualities essentially to that origin, produced under defined rules, as in the French appellation d origine controlee and the EU protected designation of origin, Spanish categories such as Vino de Pago and Vino de Calidad, and the Portuguese Indicacao de Proveniencia Regulamentada; designations of origin are protected as geographical indications in trade law and are enforced by control bodies.", "what_it_is_for": "Certifying and protecting origin-linked product quality.", "affordances": [ "explain the concept and categories", "relay legal frameworks", "describe national systems", "distinguish related protections" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Essential link to origin", "Product specification", "Control bodies", "International protection" ], "appearance": "A label or seal on products naming the protected origin.", "visual_identification": [ "Origin-linked quality certification", "AOC, AOP, PDO, DO, DOP, Vino de Pago, IPR", "A protected geographical indication requires a weaker link; a trademark belongs to a company; generic names are unprotected" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "EU registered PDOs and PGIs", "typical_range": "over 3500", "unit": "count", "note": "foods and wines" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "wine designations such as French AOC, Spanish DO and Vino de Pago, Italian DOC and DOCG", "food designations such as PDO cheeses and oils", "Portuguese IPR and DOC", "EU protected designation of origin and protected geographical indication", "quality categories such as Vino de Calidad", "geographical indications outside the EU" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "protected name", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "conformance mark", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "geographical indication", "why": "in trade law" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "protected geographical indication", "why": "with a weaker origin link" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "EU eAmbrosia", "value_or_pattern": "register", "note": "geographical indications" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "EU Regulation on quality schemes and wine designations", "Lisbon Agreement and Geneva Act on appellations of origin", "TRIPS Agreement on geographical indications", "National appellation laws" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Counterfeiting and misuse of names", "Confusing PDO with PGI and trademarks", "Trade disputes over generic names", "Stale registers" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What a designation of origin is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and criteria.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a designation of origin, and what criteria must products meet?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the protection a designation of origin, a geographical indication, a trademark or a generic name?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "systems", "name": "Systems", "description": "National systems.", "findings": [ { "id": "systems-finding", "name": "Systems", "description": "Systems.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and other systems categorise designations?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific system or category?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Law and enforcement.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "frameworks", "name": "Frameworks", "description": "Legal frameworks.", "findings": [ { "id": "frameworks-finding", "name": "Frameworks", "description": "Frameworks.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do EU, Lisbon and TRIPS frameworks protect designations of origin?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "enforcement", "name": "Enforcement", "description": "Control and enforcement.", "findings": [ { "id": "enforcement-finding", "name": "Enforcement", "description": "Enforcement.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do control bodies certify products, and how is misuse enforced?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific control body?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "economics", "name": "Economics", "description": "Economics and debate.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "value", "name": "Value", "description": "Economic value.", "findings": [ { "id": "value-finding", "name": "Value", "description": "Value.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do studies say about the economic value of designations for producers and regions?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "disputes", "name": "Disputes", "description": "Trade disputes.", "findings": [ { "id": "disputes-finding", "name": "Disputes", "description": "Disputes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What disputes exist over generic names and international recognition, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and use.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did designations of origin develop from early wine laws to the EU system?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of wine law?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consumer", "name": "Consumer", "description": "Reading labels.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumer-finding", "name": "Consumer", "description": "Consumer.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can consumers read origin labels and seals?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits food labelling?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should wine and food designations be separate entries?", "How should registers be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming national categories; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a designation of origin, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain designations of origin and related geographical indications, relay legal frameworks in the EU and internationally, describe national systems and categories, and distinguish designations of origin from protected geographical indications, trademarks and generic names.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: pago wines, Vino de Calidad, controlled designation of origin, Protected designation of origin, Indicação de Proveniência Regulamentada, Appellation d'origine protégée, Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions, Traditional speciality guaranteed, protected geographical indication, Australian Geographical Indication, geographical indications in India, Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita.", "28 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 38 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a designation of origin, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "pago wines", "Vino de Calidad", "controlled designation of origin", "Protected designation of origin", "Indicação de Proveniência Regulamentada", "Appellation d'origine protégée", "Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions", "Traditional speciality guaranteed", "protected geographical indication", "Australian Geographical Indication", "geographical indications in India", "Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 38 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 28 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one designation of origin from another, and a designation of origin from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a designation of origin sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a designation of origin from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a designation of origin passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a designation of origin between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a designation of origin, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a designation of origin is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a designation of origin says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a designation of origin contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a designation of origin and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What designation of origin studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does designation of origin take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does designation of origin establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where designation of origin is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark designation of origin as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place designation of origin, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a designation of origin came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a designation of origin and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a designation of origin is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a designation of origin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a designation of origin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a designation of origin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }