surveillance
Let an agent explain surveillance, relay types, legal frameworks, technologies in general terms and debates from legal, human rights and public health sources with positions attributed, describe the named forms and flag the instance, point people who believe they are unlawfully monitored to legal help, and distinguish surveillance from reconnaissance, auditing, research data collection with consent and stalking as a crime.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent explain surveillance, relay types, legal frameworks, technologies in general terms and debates from legal, human rights and public health sources with positions attributed, describe the named forms and flag the instance, point people who believe they are unlawfully monitored to legal help, and distinguish surveillance from reconnaissance, auditing, research data collection with consent and stalking as a crime.
The systematic monitoring of people, activities, populations or environments to gather information for purposes such as security, law enforcement, public health or safety, including state surveillance of communications and movements, which is governed by laws and debated in relation to privacy and civil liberties, especially after Edward Snowden s 2013 disclosures, corporate data collection, public health surveillance of disease, pharmacovigilance through adverse drug reaction reporting systems, and food and environmental surveillance programmes; the registry alias Surveillance of Julian Assange names a specific reported case, an instance. Characterisations of specific programmes are attributed, and the model gives no guidance on illegally surveilling others.
What it is for: Gathering information through monitoring.
It can be explain types and purposes; relay legal frameworks; describe named forms; present privacy debates with attribution.
Distinguishing features
Systematic monitoring
Many sectors
Legal oversight
Privacy tensions
What it looks like
Not a single appearance; seen in cameras, data systems, reporting databases and monitoring stations.
Physical character
Snowden disclosures: 2013 year
EU GDPR applicable: 2018 year
WHO International Health Regulations: 2005 year - disease surveillance duties
How it is recognised
Systematic monitoring for information
Adverse drug reaction reporting systems, public health surveillance, food surveillance, environmental surveillance, surveillance of Julian Assange, state surveillance
Reconnaissance is military scouting; auditing checks records; consented research differs; stalking is criminal harassment
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
includes -
is constrained by -
is contrasted with -
In practice
Families and kinds
state and intelligence surveillance
public health surveillance
pharmacovigilance
food and environmental monitoring
workplace and corporate surveillance
Standards and regulation
European Convention on Human Rights Article 8
GDPR and national data protection laws
Intelligence oversight laws such as FISA and the UK Investigatory Powers Act
Failure modes and hazards
Enabling unlawful surveillance of individuals
Partisan framing of state programmes
Treating instances as kinds
Also called
+2
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Understand What surveillance is.
Attribution.
Definition
Definition.
Definition
Definition.
- Is someone being stalked or tracked by a partner or stranger and feeling unsafe, in which case contact police, emergency services or a stalking support line? boundary
- What is surveillance, and how does it differ from reconnaissance, auditing, consented research and stalking? definition
Forms
Named forms.
Forms
Forms.
- What are state, public health, food and environmental surveillance and adverse drug reaction reporting, and why is the Assange case an instance? definition
- Which entry fits the specific form? action
Law Legal frameworks.
Regulation.
Privacy
Privacy rights.
Privacy
Privacy.
- How do human rights and data protection laws limit surveillance? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Oversight
Intelligence oversight.
Oversight
Oversight.
- How are intelligence surveillance powers authorised and overseen? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Health Public health.
Science.
Disease
Disease surveillance.
Disease
Disease.
- How does public health surveillance detect outbreaks? provenance
- Which entry fits epidemiological surveillance? action
Drugs
Pharmacovigilance.
Drugs
Drugs.
- How do adverse drug reaction reporting systems such as Yellow Card work? provenance
- Which entry fits pharmacovigilance? action
Context Debates.
Attribution.
Snowden
Mass surveillance debate.
Snowden
Snowden.
- What did the 2013 disclosures reveal, and what do governments and civil liberties groups argue, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral and attributed? boundary
Technology
Surveillance technology.
Technology
Technology.
- What debates surround facial recognition in public spaces, with positions attributed? provenance
- Which entry fits facial recognition system? action
What the second pass must settle
- The registry alias Surveillance of Julian Assange should be split off as an instance
- Should public health surveillance be a separate entry?
- How should oversight laws be linked by country?